\Gved m{fl 1 Rig Veda Sam.hita_: English Translation
based on Sa_yan.a and WilsonRigveda Sam.hita_: Mandala 1
r.s.i : madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: agni; chanda: ga_yatri_
First As.t.aka Anuva_ka IA/i¶m! $?¦e pu/raeih?t< y/}Sy? de/vm! \/iTvj?m! ,
haeta?r< rÆ/xat?mm! . 1-001-011.001.01 I glorify Agni, the high priest of the sacrifice, the divine, the ministrant, who presents the oblation (to the gods), and is the possessor of great wealth. [Agni = purohita, the priest who superintends family rites; or, he is one of the sacred fires in which oblations are first (pura) offered (hita); deva: a god, the bright, shining, radiant; fr. div, to shine; or, one who abides in the sky or heaven (dyusha_na); or, liberal, donor (in the sense of giving); r.tvij = a ministering priest, he is also the hota_ (Aitareya Bra_hman.a 3.14), the priest who presents the oblation or who invokes or summons the deities to the ceremony; fr. hu, to sacrifice; or, fr. hve, to call; ratnadha_tama: lit. holder of jewels; ratna = wealth in general; figurately, reward of religious rites].A/i¶> pUvêR?i-/r£ \i;?i-/r£ $f(ae/ nUt?nEr£ %/t ,
s de/vaç @h v?]it . 1-001-021.001.02 May that Agni who is to be celebrated by both ancient and modern sages conduct the gods hither. [pu_rva and nu_tana, former and recent are terms appled to r.s.is or sages; former r.s.is are: Bhr.gu, An:giras; they are also termed praja_patis (Vis.n.u Pura_n.a)]A/i¶na? r/iym! A?îv/t! pae;?m! @/v id/ve-id?ve ,
y/zs<? vI/rv?Ämm! . 1-001-031.001.03 Through Agni the worshipper obtains that affluence which increases day by day, which is the source of fame and multiplier of mankind.A¶e/ y< y/}m! A?Xv/r< iv/ñt>? pir/-Ur£ Ais? ,
s #d£ de/ve;u? gCDit . 1-001-041.001.04 Agni, the unobstructed sacrifice of which you are on every side the protector, assuredly reaches the gods. [Adhvaram yajn~m, free from injury or interruption; 'on every side': fires at a sacrifice are lighted at four cardinal points: a_havani_ya, ma_ja_li_ya, ga_rhapatya and agni_dhri_ya].A/i¶r£ haeta? k/iv³?tu> s/Tyz! ic/Çï?vStm> ,
de/vae de/vei-/r£ Aa g?mt! . 1-001-051.001.05 May Agni, the presenter of oblations, the attainer of knowledge, he who is true, renowned, and divine, come hither with the gods. [kavi-kratu: one by whom either knowledge or religious acts (kratu) are acquired or performed (kra_nta); a synonym of Agni].yd£ A/¼ da/zu;e/ Tvm! A¶e? -/Ô< k?ir/:yis? ,
tvet! tt! s/Tym! A?i¼r> . 1-001-061.001.06 Whatever good you may, Agni, bestow upon the giver (of the oblation), that verily, An:giras shall revert to you. [An:giras = an:ga_ra, a live coal (Nirukta 3.17); 'the coals became the An:girasas', ye an:ga_ra_h a_sanste an:giraso abhavan (Aitareya Bra_hman.a 3.34); the legend: (Maha_bha_rata, Vanaparvan, Vol. II) Ma_rkand.eya tells Yudhis.t.hira, when the latter asks, "How is it that while Agni, went too the forest and ceased his functions; yet, An:giras became Agni to convey the oblations to gods? How is it that Agni, who is one, becomes many?" Agni, says Ma_rkan.d.eya, engaged in penance and relinquished his duties; Muni An:giras took upon himself the office of Agni. When he prevailed upon Agni to resume his office, the latter became his son; his descendants, the An:girasas, therefore are also the descendants of Agni, or so many Agnis, or fires. The fires are enumerated at length, explained as personification of light, of luminous bodies, of divisions of time, of celestial phenomena, and fires adapted to peculiar occasions (full-moon, changes in phases of moon or to particular rites, as'vamedha, ra_jasu_ya, pa_ka yajn~as (sacrifices with food), obsequial and funeral fires, expiatory fires). A further legend is told: First Agni is called Saha, who hid himself in the ocean to avoid the approach of Niyata, the son of Bharata, the fire of the funeral pile. The text says, 'through fear'; Sa_yan.a adds: either through fear of being rendered impure by his contact, or being ashamed of his relationship, Niyata being his own grandson. When gods came looking for Agni, the latter designated as his substitute, Atharvan, also called An:giras].%p? Tva¶e id/ve-id?ve/ dae;a?vStr£ ix/ya v/ym! ,
nmae/ -r?Nt/ @m?is . 1-001-071.001.07We approach you, Agni, with reverential homage in our thoughts, daily, both morning and evening.raj?Ntm! AXv/ra[a<? gae/pam! \/tSy/ dIid?ivm! ,
vxR?man</ Sve dme? . 1-001-081.001.08 You, the radiant, the protector of sacrifice, the constant illuminator of truth, increasing in your own dwelling.s n>? ip/tev? sU/nve =?¶e sUpay/nae -?v ,
sc?Sva n> Sv/Stye? . 1-001-091.001.09 Agni, be to us easy of access, as is a father to his son; be ever present with us for our good.
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: 1-3 Va_yu, 4-6 indra_Va_yu, 7-9: mitra_varun.a; chanda: ga_yatri_ vay/v! Aa ya?ih dzRte/me saema/ Ar<?k«ta> ,
te;a?m! paih ïu/xI hv?m! . 1-002-011.002.01 Va_yu, pleasant to behold, approach; these libations are prepared for you drink of them; hear our invocation.vay? %/Kwei-?r£ jrNte/ Tvam! ACDa? jir/tar>? ,
su/tsae?ma Ah/ivRd>? . 1-002-021.002.02 Va_yu, your praisers praise you with holy praises having poured out Soma juice, and knowing the (fit) season. [With ukthas = with s'astras (hymns of praise recited, not chanted or sung].vayae/ tv? àp&Â/tI xena? ijgait da/zu;e? ,
%/ê/cI saem?pItye . 1-002-031.002.03 Va_yu, your approving speech comes to the giver (of the libation), and to many (others who invite you) to drink of the Soma juice. [Your approving speech: va_yu is supposed to say: 'I will drink the libation'].#NÔ?vayU #/me su/ta %p/ àyae?i-/r£ Aa g?tm! ,
#Nd?vae vam! %/ziNt/ ih . 1-002-041.002.04 Indra and Va_yu, these libations are poured out (for you); come hither with food (for us); verily the drops (of the Soma juice) await you both.vay/v! #NÔ?z! c cetw> su/tana<? vaijnIvsU ,
tav! Aa ya?t/m! %p? Ô/vt! . 1-002-051.002.05 Indra and Va_yu, abiding in the sacrificial rite, you are aware of these libations; come both (then) quickly hither.vay/v! #NÔ?z! c suNv/t Aa ya?t/m! %p? in:k«/tm! ,
m/úv! @e/Twa ix/ya n?ra . 1-002-061.002.06 Va_yu and Indra, come to the rite of the sacrificer, for thus, men, will completion be speedily (attained) by the ceremony.im/Ç< ÷?ve pU/td?]</ vé?[< c ir/zad?sm! ,
ixy<? "&/tacI/ sax?Nta . 1-002-071.002.07 I invoke Mitra, of pure vigour, and Varun.a, the devourer of foes; the joint accomplishers of the act bestowing water (on the earth). [Mitra = the Sun; Varun.a = the regent of the waters; both are among the twelve A_dityas; Mitra presides over day, Varun.a presides over night; dhiyam ghr.ta_ci_m sa_dhanta_: dhi, an act; ghr.ta_ci_m, water-shedding].\/ten? imÇavé[av! \tav&xav! \tSp&za ,
³tu?m! b&/hNt?m! Aazawe . 1-002-081.002.08 Mitra and Varun.a, augmenters of water, dispensers of water, you connect this perfect rite with its true (reward). [R.ta_vr.dhau: r.ta = tue or truth; it also signifies water and sacrifice].k/vI nae? im/Çavé?[a tuivja/ta %?é/]ya? ,
d]<? dxate A/ps?m! . 1-002-091.002.09 Sapient Mitra and Varun.a, prosper our sacrifice and increase our strength; you are born for the benefit of many, you are the refuge of multitudes.
r.s.i = madhucchanda_: vais.va_mitra; devata_: 1-3 as'vini_kuma_ra, 4-6 indra, 7-9 vis'vedeva_, 10-12 sarasvati_; chanda: ga_yatri_ Aiñ?na/ yJv?rI/r£ #;ae/ Ôv?Tpa[I/ zu-?s! ptI ,
pué?-uja cn/Syt?m! . 1-003-011.003.01 As'vins, cherishers of pious acts, long-armed, accept with outstretched hands the sacrificial viands.Aiñ?na/ pué?d<ssa/ nra/ zvI?rya ix/ya ,
ix:{ya/ vn?t</ igr>? . 1-003-021.003.02 As'vins, abounding in mighty acts, guides (of devotion), endowed with fortitude, listen with unaverted minds to our praises. [Long-armed: purubhuja, also explained as: great eaters].döa? yu/vak?v> su/ta nas?Tya v&/b?ihR;> ,
Aa ya?t< éÔvtRnI . 1-003-031.003.03 As'vins, destroyers of foes, exempt from untruth, leaders in the van of heroes, come to the mixed libations sprinkled on the lopped sacred grass. [darsa = destroyers of foes or diseases; 'as'vinau vai deva_na_m bhis.ajau--iti sruteh', the two as'vins are verily the physicians of the gods, according to the Veda. rudra-vartani: rudra, fr. rud, weeping; yad arodi_t tad rudrasya rudratvam: in as much as he wept, thence came the property or function of rudra (Taittiri_ya Sam.hita_ 1.5.1.1); hence, Rudra = heroes, they who make their enemies weep; vartani = a road or way; in this hymn, it is the front of the way, the van; hence rudra, heroes are in the van of warriors. vr.ktabarhis.ah: kus'a grass has the roots cut off and is spread on the vedi_ (altar) and upon it is added the libation of Soma, or oblation of clarified butter, poured; it is also a seat for the deity or deities invoked to the sacrifice].#NÔa ya?ih icÇ-anae su/ta #/me Tva/yv>? ,
A{vI?i-/s! tna? pU/tas>? . 1-003-041.003.04 Indra, of wonderful splendour, come hither; these libations, ever pure, expressed by the fingers (of the priests) are desirous of you.#NÔa ya?ih ix/yei;/tae ivà?jUt> su/tav?t> ,
%p/ äüa?i[ va/"t>? . 1-003-051.003.05 Indra, apprehended by the understanding and appreciated by the wise, approach and accept the prayers of the priest as he offers the libation.#NÔa ya?ih/ tUtu?jan/ %p/ äüa?i[ hirv> ,
su/te d?ix:v n/z! cn>? . 1-003-061.003.06 Fleet Indra with the tawny coursers, come hither to the prayer (of the priest), and in this libation accept our (proffered) food.Aaema?sz! c;R[Ix&tae/ ivñe? devas/ Aa g?t ,
da/ña<sae? da/zu;>? su/tm! . 1-003-071.003.07 Universal Gods, protectors and supporters of men, bestowers (of rewards) come to the libation of the worshipper. [vis'vedevas = divinities in general; sometimes, they are a class connected with the elements].ivñe? de/vasae? A/Ýur>? su/tm! Aa g?Nt/ tU[R?y> ,
%/öa #?v/ Svs?rai[ . 1-003-081.003.08 May the swift-moving universal Gods, the shedders of rain, come to the libation, as the solar rays come diligently tot he days.ivñe? de/vasae? A/iöx/ @ih?mayasae A/Ôéh>? ,
mex<? ju;Nt/ vû?y> . 1-003-091.003.09 May the universal Gods, who are exempt from decay, omniscient, devoid of malice, and bearers of (riches), accept the sacrifice. [ehima_ya_sah: those who have obtained knowledge universally, sarvatah vya_ptaprajn~ah; or, the term may refer to a legend: vis'vedevas addressed Agni, Saucika, who had gone into the water, saying ehi, come, ma_ ya_sih, do not go away; hence they got the appellation, ehima_ya_sah].pa/v/ka n>/ sr?SvtI/ vaje?i-r£ va/ijnI?vtI ,
y/}< v?òu ix/yav?su> . 1-003-101.003.10 May Sarasvati_, the purifier, the bestower of food, the recompenser of worship with wealth, be attracted by our offered viands to our rite. [Sarasvati_ = va_g-devata_, divinity of speech].cae/d/iy/ÇI sU/n&ta?na</ cet?NtI sumtI/nam! ,
y/}< d?xe/ sr?SvtI . 1-003-111.003.11 Sarasvati_, the inspirer of those who delight in truth, the instructress of the right-minded, has accepted our sacrifice.m/hae A[R>/ sr?SvtI/ à ce?tyit ke/tuna? ,
ixyae/ ivña/ iv ra?jit . 1-003-121.003.12 Sarasvati_, makes manifest by her acts a mighty river, and (in her own form) enlightens all understandings. [sarasvati_ is the river in this hymn: dvividha_ hi sarasvati_ vigrahavaddevata_ nadi_ru_pa_ ca, tatra sarasvati_tyetasya nadi_vaddevata_vacca nigama_ bhavanti (Nirukta 2.23)].
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ Anuva_ka II su/ê/p/k«/Æum! ^/tye? su/Ê"a?m! #v gae/Êhe? ,
ju/ø/mis/ *iv?-*iv . 1-004-011.004.01 Day by day we invoke the doer of good works for our protection, as a good cow for the milking (is called by the milker).%p? n>/ sv/na g?ih/ saem?Sy saempa> ipb ,
gae/da #d£ re/vtae/ md>? . 1-004-021.004.02 Drinker of the Soma juice, come to our (daily) rites, and drink of the libation; the satisfaction of (you who are) the bestower of riches, is verily (the cause of) the gift of cattle.Awa? te/ ANt?mana< iv/*am? sumtI/nam! ,
ma nae/ Ait? Oy/ Aa g?ih . 1-004-031.004.03 We recognize you in the midst of the right-minded, who are nearest to you; come to us; pass us not by to reveal (yourself to others). [ma_no ati khyah = lit. do not speak beyond us].pre?ih/ iv¢/m! ASt&?t/m! #NÔ?m! p&CDa ivp/iít?m! ,
ys! te/ sio?_y/ Aa vr?m! . 1-004-041.004.04 Go, worshipper, to the wise and uninjured Indra, who bestows the best (of blessings) on your friends, and ask him of the (fitness of the) learned (priest who recites his praise).%/t äu?vNtu nae/ indae/ inr£ A/Nyt?z! icd£ Aart ,
dxa?na/ #NÔ/ #d£ Êv>? . 1-004-051.004.05 Let our ministers, earnestly performing his worship, exclaim, Depart your revilers from hence and every other place (where he is adored). [bruvantu = let them say, hence, let them praise Indra].%/t n>? su/-ga?ç A/irr£ vae/ceyu?r£ dSm k«/òy>? ,
Syamed£ #NÔ?Sy/ zmR?i[ . 1-004-061.004.06 Destroyer of foes, let our enemies say we are prosperous; let men (congratulate us); may we ever abide, in the felicity (derived from the favour) of Indra.@m! Aa/zum! Aa/zve? -r y}/iïy<? n&/mad?nm! ,
p/t/yn! m?Nd/yTs?om! . 1-004-071.004.07 Offer to Indra, the pervader (of every rite of libation), the juice that is present (at the three ceremonies), the grace of the sacrifice, the exhilarator of mankind, the perfecter of the act, the favourite of (that Indra) who gives happiness (to the offerer). [Epithets of Soma: karman.i pra_nuvantam, the perfecter of the acts (patayantam = causing to fall); mandayatsakham, friend of the delighter].A/Sy pI/Tva z?t³tae "/nae v&/Ça[a?m! A-v> ,
àavae/ vaje?;u va/ijn?m! . 1-004-081.004.08 Having drunk, S'atakratu, of this (Soma juice), you became the slayer of the Vr.tras; you defend the warrior in battle. [S'atakratu = Indra, connected with a hundred (many) acts, religious rites, bahu-karma-yukta, either as the performer of rites, or the object of the rites; or, alternatively, 'endowed with great wisdom'; kratu = karma, act or prajn~a, knowledge; vr.tra_n.a_m = enemies of whom the asura, Vr.tra was the chief].t< Tva/ vaje?;u va/ijn<? va/jya?m> zt³tae ,
xna?nam! #NÔ sa/tye? . 1-004-091.004.09 We offer to you, S'atakratu, the mighty in battle, (sacrificial) food for the acquisition, Indra, of riches.yae ra/yae =/vin?r£ m/han! su?pa/r> su?Nv/t> soa? ,
tSma/ #NÔa?y gayt . 1-004-101.004.10 Sing unto that Indra who is the protector of wealth, the mighty, the accomplisher of good deeds, the friend of the offerer of the libation.
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ Aa Tv! @ta/ in ;I?d/teNÔ?m! A/i- à ga?yt ,
soa?y/ Staem?vahs> . 1-005-011.005.01 Hasten hither, friends, offering praises; sit down, and sing repeatedly the praises of Indra. [stoma-va_hasah = lit. bearing praises; 'presenting in this rite Trivr.t, Pan~cadas'a, and others', trivr.tpan~cadas'a_distoma_nasmin karman.i bahanti pra_payanti_ti; i.e. collection of laudatory hymns in the R.gveda (Vis.n.u Pura_n.a)].pu/ê/tm?m! puê/[am! $za?n</ vayaR?[am! ,
#NÔ</ saeme/ sca? su/te . 1-005-021.005.02 When the libation is poured forth, respectively praise Indra, the discomfiter of many enemies, the lord of many blessings.s "a? nae/ yaeg/ Aa -u?v/t! s ra/ye s pur<?Xyam! ,
gm/d£ vaje?i-/r£ Aa s n>? . 1-005-031.005.03 May he be to us for the attainment of our objects; may he be to us for the acquisition of riches; may he be to us for the acquisition of knowledge; may he come to us with food.ySy? s</Swe n v&/{vte/ hrI? s/mTsu/ zÇ?v> ,
tSma/ #NÔa?y gayt . 1-005-041.005.04 Sing to that Indra, whose enemies in combat await not his coursers harnessed in his car.su/t/paëe? su/ta #/me zuc?yae yiNt vI/tye? ,
saema?sae/ dXya?izr> . 1-005-051.005.05 These pure Soma juices, mixed with curds, are poured out for the satisfaction of the drinker of the libations.Tv< su/tSy? pI/tye? s/*ae v&/Ïae A?jaywa> ,
#NÔ/ JyEó(a?y su³tae . 1-005-061.005.06 Your, Indra, performer of good works, has suddenly become of augmented vigour for the sake of drinking the libation, and (maintaining) seniority (among the gods). [jayis.t.hyam = fr. yes.t.ha, eldest, oldest, best or chiefest].Aa Tva? ivzNTv! Aa/zv>/ saema?s #NÔ igvR[> ,
z< te? sNtu/ àce?tse . 1-005-07
1.005.07 Indra, who are the object of praises, may these pervading Soma juices enter into you; may they be propitious for your (attainment of) superior intelligence.
Tva< Staema? AvIv&x/n! Tvam! %/Kwa z?t³tae ,
Tva< v?xRNtu nae/ igr>? . 1-005-081.005.08 The chants (of the Soma) have magnified you, S'atakratu, the hymns (of the R.k) have magnified you; may our praises magnify you. [stoma_h, praises of the singers of the Sa_ma (Sa_maga_na_m sytotra_n.i); uktha_, hymns of the reciters of bahvr.c (bahvr.ca_na_m s'astra_n.i)].Ai]?taeit> sned£ #/m< vaj/m! #NÔ>? sh/iö[?m! ,
yiSm/n! ivña?in/ paE<Sya? . 1-005-091.005.09 May Indra, the unobstructed protector, enjoy these manifold (sacrificial) viands, in which all manly properties abide.ma nae/ mtaR? A/i- Ôé?hn! t/nUna?m! #NÔ igvR[> ,
$za?nae yvya v/xm! . 1-005-101.005.10 Indra, who are the object of praises, let no men do injury to our persons; you are mighty, keep off violence.
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: 1-3 indra; 4,6,8,9 marudgan.a; 5,7 marudgan.a and indra; 10 indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ yu/ÃiNt? ä/×m! A?é/;< cr?Nt/m! pir? t/Swu;>? ,
raec?Nte raec/na id/iv . 1-006-01
1.006.01 The circumstationed (inhabitants of the three worlds) associate with (Indra), the mighty (Sun), the indestructive (fire), the moving (wind), and the lights that shine in the sky. [paritasthus.ah, those who are standing around; or, lokatrayavarttinah pra_n.inah, the living beings of the three worlds; vradhna = mighty (A_ditya); arus.a = non-injuring (fire); caran = moving (wind). Taittiri_ya Bra_hman.a endorses the equivalence: A_ditya, Agni, Va_yu (asau va_, a_dityo vradhnah; agnir va_ arus.ah; va_yurvai caran) (3.9.4.1-2); identification of Indra with the three epithets implies his supremacy: paramais'varyayukta].yu/ÃNTy! A?Sy/ kaMya/ hrI/ ivp?]sa/ rwe? ,
zae[a? x&/:[U n&/vah?sa . 1-006-021.006.02 They (the charioteers) harness to his car his two desirable coursers, placed on either hand, bay coloured, high-spirited, chief-bearing. [Horses of Indra are called hari (Nirukta 1.15.1), perhaps, of yellow colour; s'on.a_ = crimson colour; vipaks.asa_ = harnessed on different sides (of the chariot or pole (?)].ke/tu< k«/{vÚ! A?ke/tve/ pezae? myaR Ape/zse? ,
sm! %/;iÑ?r£ Ajaywa> . 1-006-031.006.03 Mortals, you owe your (daily) birth (to such an Indra), who with the rays of the morning gives sense to the senseless, and to the formless form. [Indra is identified with the sun; marya_h = mortals (pl.); aja_yatha_h - 2nd pers. sg. 1st preterite; an instance of Vedic license; marya_h = marya (sg.)]Aad£ Ah? Sv/xam! Anu/ pun?r£ g-R/Tvm! @?ir/re ,
dxa?na/ nam? y/i}y?m! . 1-006-041.006.04 Thereafter verily those who bear names invoked in holy rites (the Maruts) having seen the rain (about to be engendered), instigated him to resume his embryo condition (in the clouds). [Maruts are aded. Winds drive Indra (firmament) to aggregae clouds, rain collects in their womb].vI/¦u ic?d£ Aaéj/Æui-/r£ guha? icd£ #NÔ/ viû?i-> ,
Aiv?Nd %/iöya/ Anu? . 1-006-051.006.05 Associated with the conveying Maruts, the traversers of places difficult of access, your Indra, have discovered the cows hidden in the cave. [Legend: asuras (pan.is) stole cows of gods (or an:girasas) and hid them in a cave. Indra discovered them with the help of Sarama_].de/v/yNtae/ ywa? m/itm! ACDa? iv/dÖ?su</ igr>? ,
m/ham! A?nU;t ïu/tm! . 1-006-061.006.06 The reciters of praises praise the mighty (troop of Maruts), who are celebrated, and conscious of the power of bestowing wealth, in like manner as they (glorify) the counsellor (Indra).#NÔe?[/ s< ih å]?se s<jGma/nae Aib?_yu;a ,
m/NË s?ma/nv?cRsa . 1-006-071.006.07 May you be seen, Maruts, accompanied by the undaunted Indra; (both) rejoicing, and of equal splendour. [Legend: battle between Indra and Vr.tra: Indra is aided by the gods who were driven away by Vr.tra's dogs; Indra, to obtain superiority, summoned the Maruts to help him].A/n/v/*Er£ A/i-*u?i-r£ m/o> sh?Svd£ AcRit ,
g/[Er£ #NÔ?Sy/ kaMyE>? . 1-006-081.006.08 This right is performed in adoration of the powerful Indra, along with the irreproachable, heavenward- tending, and amiable bands (of the Maruts).At>? pirJm/Ú! Aa g?ih id/vae va? raec/nad£ Aix? ,
sm! A?iSmÚ! \Ãte/ igr>? . 1-006-091.006.09 Therefore, circumambient (troop of Maruts), come hither, whether from the region of the sky or from the solar sphere; for in this rite (the priest) fully recites your praises.#/tae va? sa/itm! $m?he id/vae va/ paiwR?va/d£ Aix? ,
#NÔ?m! m/hae va/ rj?s> . 1-006-101.006.10 We invoke, Indra, whether he come from this earthly region, or from the heaven above, or from the vast firmament; that he may give (us) wealth. [Either the pr.thivi_-loka or the dyu-loka (heaven); antariks.a-loka = sphere of the firmament (space between the earth and heaven, perhaps = vyoman or a_ka_s'a, sky or atmosphere)(Manu, I.13)].
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ #NÔ/m! #d£ ga/iwnae? b&/hd£ #NÔ?m! A/kêRi-?r£ A/ikR[>? ,
#NÔ</ va[I?r£ AnU;t . 1-007-01
1.007.01 The chanters (of the Soma) extol Indra with songs, the reciters of the R.k with prayers, the priests of the Yajus., with texts. [ga_thina = singers; gi_yama_nasa_ma-yukta_ udga_ta_rah, the udgata_s with sa_mas to be chanted; br.hat = br.hata_, songs, with the br.hat-sa_ma; arkinah arkebhih = those of the R.gveda, with hymns; arka = mantra, prayer; va_n.i_h = va_n.i_bhih, with texts or words (a reference, perhaps either to the singers or the reciters of the prayers, perhaps to the texts of the yajus].#NÔ/ #d£ xyaêR>/ sca/ siMm?ð/ Aa v?cae/yuja? ,
#NÔae? v/¿I ih?r/{yy>? . 1-007-02
1.007.02 Indra, the blender of all things, comes verily with his steeds that are harnessed at his word; Indra, the richly-decorated, the wielder of the thunderbolt. [Richly-decorated: hiran.yaya = lit. golden, or made of gold].#NÔae? dI/"aRy/ c]?s/ Aa sUy¡? raehyd£ id/iv ,
iv gaei-/r£ AiÔ?m! @eryt! . 1-007-03
1.007.03 Indra, to render all things visible, elevated the sun in the sky, and charged the cloud with (abundant) waters. [Vr.tra envelopes the world in darkness; to remove darkness, Indra elevated the sun (a_-rohayat = stha_pitava_n, placed) in the dyu-loka (heaven)].#NÔ/ vaje?;u nae =v s/hö?àxne;u c ,
%/¢ %/¢ai-?r£ ^/iti->? . 1-007-04
1.007.04 Invincible Indra, protect us in battles abounding in spoil, with insuperable defences.#NÔ<? v/ym! m?hax/n #NÔ/m! A-êR? hvamhe ,
yuj<? v&/Çe;u? v/i¿[?m! . 1-007-05
1.007.05 We invoke Indra for great affluence, Indra for limited wealth; (our) ally, and wielder of the thunder-bolt against (our) enemies.s nae? v&;Ú! A/mu< c/é< sÇa?dav/Ú! Apa? v&ix ,
A/Sm_y/m! Aà?it:kàt> . 1-007-06
1.007.06 Shedder of rain, granter of all desires, set open this cloud. You are never uncompliant with our (requests).tu/Ãe-tu?Ãe/ y %Ä?re/ Staema/ #NÔ?Sy v/i¿[>? ,
n iv?Nxe ASy suòu/itm! . 1-007-07
1.007.07 Whatever excellent praises are given to other dignities, they are (also the due) of Indra the thunderer; I do not know his fitting praise. [tun~jastun~jaterda_nakarman.ah (Nirukta. 6.17-18)].v&;a? yU/wev/ v<s?g> k«/òIr£ #?y/TY¥ Aaej?sa ,
$za?nae/ Aà?it:kàt> . 1-007-08
1.007.08 The shedder of rain, the mighty lord, the always compliant, invests men with his strength, as a bull (defends) a herd of kine.y @k?z! c;R[I/na< vsU?nam! #r/Jyit? ,
#NÔ>/ pÂ? i]tI/nam! . 1-007-09
1.007.09 Indra, who alone rules over men, over riches, and over the five (classes) of the dwellers on earth. [pan~ca ks.iti_na_m = over the five men or classes of men; i.e. those who are fit for habitations (niva_sa_rha_na_m)].#NÔ<? vae iv/ñt/s! pir/ hva?mhe/ jne?_y> ,
A/Smak?m! AStu/ kev?l> . 1-007-10
1.007.10 We invoke for you, Indra, who is everywhere among men; may he be exclusively our own.
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ Anuva_ka III @NÔ? san/is< r/iy< s/ijTva?n< sda/sh?m! ,
vi;R?óm! ^/tye? -r . 1-008-011.008.01 Indra, bring for our protection riches, most abundant, enjoyable, the source of victory, the humbler of our foes. [in yen? muiòh/Tyya/ in v&/Ça é/[xa?mhE ,
Tvaeta?sae/ Ny! AvR?ta . 1-008-021.008.02 By which we may repel our enemies, whether (encountering them) hand to hand, or on horse-back; ever protected by you. (mus.t.ihatyaya_ = mus.t.ipraha_ren.a) = lit. by striking with the fist; on horseback = with a horse (a reference to infantry and cavalry)].#NÔ/ Tvaeta?s/ Aa v/y< v¿<? "/na d?dImih ,
jye?m/ s< yu/ix Sp&x>? . 1-008-031.008.03 Defended by you, Indra, we possess a ponderous weapon, wherewith we may entirely conquer our opponents.v/y< zUre?i-/r£ ASt&?i-/r£ #NÔ/ Tvya? yu/ja v/ym! ,
sa/s/ýam? p&tNy/t> . 1-008-041.008.04 With you for our ally, Indra, and (aided by) missile-hurling heroes, we are able to overcome (our foes) arrayed in hosts.m/haç #NÔ>? p/rz! c/ nu m?ih/Tvm! A?Stu v/i¿[e? ,
*aEr£ n à?iw/na zv>? . 1-008-051.008.05 Mighty is Indra, and supreme; may magnitude ever (belong) to the bearer of the thunderbolt; may his strong (armies) be ever vast as the heavens.s/mae/he va/ y Aaz?t/ nr?s! tae/kSy/ sin?taE ,
ivàa?sae va ixya/yv>? . 1-008-061.008.06 Whatever men have recourse to Indra in battle, or for the acquisition of offspring, and the wise who are desirous of understanding (obtain their desires).y> kà/i]> sae?m/pat?m> smu/Ô #?v/ ipNv?te ,
%/vIr£ Aapae/ n ka/kàd>? . 1-008-07
1.008.07 The belly of Indra, which quaffs the Soma juice abundantly, swells like the ocean, (and is ever) moist, like the ample fluids of the palate. [urvi_na_po na ka_kudah: ka_kuda = ka_kud, the pinnacle of a mountain; the rendering: 'like the abundant waters (or torrents) from the mountain-tops'].@/va ý! ASy sU/n&ta? ivr/PzI gaem?tI m/hI ,
p/Kva zaoa/ n da/zu;e? . 1-008-081.008.08 Verily the words of Indra to his worshipper are true, manifold, cow- conferring, and to be held in honour; (they are) like a branch (loaded with) ripe (fruit).@/va ih te/ iv-U?ty ^/ty? #NÔ/ mav?te ,
s/*z! ic/t! siNt? da/zu;e? . 1-008-091.008.09 Verily, Indra, your glories are at all times the protectors of every such worshipper as I am.@/va ý! ASy/ kaMya/ Staem? %/Kw< c/ z<Sya? ,
#NÔa?y/ saem?pItye . 1-008-101.008.10 Verily his chanted and recited praises are to be desired and repeated to Indra, that he may drink the Soma juice. [stoma = chanted praises: sa_masa_dhyam stotram, praise to be accomplished by the Sa_maveda; uktha = recited praises: r.k-sa_dhyam s'astram, the unsung praise to be accomplished by the r.ca_. s'astram = a hymn not sung: s'astram apragi_ta-mantrastotram. The repetition of the s'astram is done by hota_ (hotuh-karma); suti and stoma are sanitam stotram, sung or chanted hymn. Thus, s'astra = hymn recited (audibly, or inaudibly); stoma = hymn sung].
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ #NÔeih/ mTSy! ANx?sae/ ivñe?i-> saem/pvR?i-> ,
m/haç A?i-/iòr£ Aaej?sa . 1-009-011.009.01 Come, Indra, and be regaled with all viands libations, and thence, mighty in strength, be victorious (over your foes).@m! @?n< s&jta su/te m/iNdm! #NÔa?y m/iNdne? ,
ci³</ ivña?in/ c³?ye . 1-009-021.009.02 The libation being prepared, present the exhilaratina and efficacious (draught) to the rejoicing Indra, the accomplisher of all things.mTSva? suizà m/iNdi-/ Staeme?i-r£ ivñc;R[e ,
scE/;u sv?ne/:v! Aa . 1-009-031.009.03 Indra with the handsome chin, be pleased with these animating praises; do your, who are to be reverenced by all mankind, (come) to these rites (with the gods). [su-s'ipra = s'ipra, lower law or the nose; thus, handsome-nosed; vis'vacars.an.e = lit. oh! you who are all men: sarva-manus.ya-yukta, who are joined with all men; further qualified: sarvair yajama_naih pu_jyah, to be worshipped by all institutors of sacrifices].As&?¢m! #NÔ te/ igr>/ àit/ Tvam! %d£ A?hast ,
Ajae?;a v&;/-m! pit?m! . 1-009-041.009.04 I have addressed to you, Indra, the showerer (of blessings), the protector (of your worshipers), praises which have reached you, and of which you have approved.s< cae?dy ic/Çm! A/vaRg! rax? #NÔ/ vre?{ym! ,
As/d£ #t! te? iv/-u à/-u . 1-009-051.009.05 Place before us, Indra, precious and multiform riches, for enough and more than enough are assuredly yours.A/Sman! su tÇ? caed/yeNÔ? ra/ye r-?Svt> ,
tuiv?*uç/ yz?Svt> . 1-009-061.009.06 Opulent Indra, encourage us in this rite for the acquirement of wealth, for we are diligent and renowned.s< gaem?d£ #NÔ/ vaj?vd£ A/Sme p&/wu ïvae? b&/ht! ,
iv/ñayu?r£ xe/ý! Ai]?tm! . 1-009-071.009.07 Grant us, Indra, wealth beyond measure or calculation, inexhaustible, the source of cattle, of food, of all life.A/Sme xe?ih/ ïvae? b&/hd£ *u/ç< s?hö/sat?mm! ,
#NÔ/ ta r/iwnI/r£ #;>? . 1-009-081.009.08 Indra, grant us great renown and wealth acquired in a thousand ways, and those (articles) of food (which are brought from the field) in carts. [The text has, 'those car-having viands: ta_ rathini_r-is.ah; this is explained as those articles of food which are conveyed in cars, carts or wagons, from the site of their production, such as rice, barley and other types of grain].vsae/r£ #NÔ</ vsu?pit< gI/i-Rr£ g&/[Nt? \/iGmy?m! ,
haem/ gNta?rm! ^/tye? . 1-009-091.009.09 We invoke for the preservation of our property, Indra, the lord of wealth, the object of sacred verses, the repairer (to the place of sacrifice), praising him with our praises. [ganta_ram = he goes; i.e. ya_gades'e gamana_s'i_lam, he is accustomed to go the chamber which is apporpriated to sacrifices].su/te-su?te/ Nyaekse b&/hd£ b&?h/t @d£ A/ir> ,
#NÔa?y zU/;m! A?cRit . 1-009-101.009.10 With libations repeatedly effused, the sacrificer glorifies the vast prowess of Indra, the mighty, the dweller in (an eternal mansion). [nyokas: fr. ni = niyata, fixed, permanent; okas = dwelling].
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: anus.t.up gay?iNt Tva gay/iÇ[ae =?cRNTy! A/kRm! A/ikR[>? ,
ä/üa[?s! Tva zt³t/ %d£ v</zm! #?v yeimre . 1-010-011.010.01 The chanters (of the Soma) hymn you, S'atakratu; the reciters of the R.k praise you, who are worthy of praise; the Bra-hman.as raise you aloft, like a bamboo pole. [ga_yatrin.ah = lit. those who use ga_yatri_ metre: udga_ta_, chanter of Sa_ma hymns; arkin.ah = reciters of the r.ca_: hota_; bra_man.ah = brahma_ of a sacrifice, a priest so denominated and other bra_hman.as (or, utterers of prayer. tva_ va"m.s'am iva udyemire, they have raised you like a bamboo (vam.s'o vanas'ayo bhavati vanana_cchru_yata iti va_ (Nirukta. 5.5); they have elevated Indra, as tumblers raise a bamboo pole, on the summit of which they balance themselves; vam.s'a = family (i.e. as ambitious persons raise their family to consequence)].yt! sanae>/ sanu/m! Aaé?h/d£ -Uy!r£ ASp?ò/ kTvR?m! ,
td£ #NÔae/ Aw¡? cetit yU/wen? v&/i:[r£ @?jit . 1-010-021.010.02 Indra, the showever (of blessings), knows the object (of his worshipper), who has performed many acts of worship (with the Soma gathered) on the ridges of the mountain, and (therefore) comes with the troop (of Maruts). [yat sa_noh sa_num a_ruhat, mounting from ridge to ridge: this is said of the yajama_na, who goes to the mountain to gather soma for bruising, or fuel for the fire, or other articles required for the ceremony].yu/úva ih ke/izna/ hrI/ v&;?[a kúy/àa ,
Awa? n #NÔ saempa ig/ram! %p?ïuit< cr . 1-010-031.010.03 Indra, drinker of the Soma, having put to your long-maned, vigorous, and well-conditioned steeds, come nigh to hear our praises. [kaks.yapra_ = lit. filling out their girths, i.e. well-conditioned].@ih/ Staema?ç A/i- Sv?ra/i- g&?[I/ý! Aa é?v ,
äü? c nae vsae/ sceNÔ? y/}< c? vxRy . 1-010-041.010.04 Come, Vasu, (to this our rite); reply to our hymns, answer (to our praises), respond to (our prayers); be propitious, Indra, to our sacrifice, and (bestow upon us abundant) food. [vasu = Indra, the original donor or cause of habitations; fr. vas, to dwell, niva_saka_ran.a-bhu_ta].%/Kwm! #NÔa?y/ z<Sy</ vxR?nm! puéin/i:;xe? ,
z/³ae ywa? su/te;u? [ae ra/r[?t! s/Oye;u? c . 1-010-051.010.05 The hymn, the cause of increase, is to be repeated to Indra, the repeller of many foes, that S'akra may speak (with kindness) to our sons and to our friends. [s'akra = Indra, the powerful; fr. s'ak = to be able].tm! #t! s?io/Tv $?mhe/ t< ra/ye t< su/vIyêR? ,
s z/³ %/t n>? zk/d£ #NÔae/ vsu/ dy?man> . 1-010-06
1.010.06 We have recourse to Indra for his friendship, for wealth, for perfect might; for he, the powerful Indra, conferring wealth, is able (to protect us).su/iv/v&t<? suin/rj/m! #NÔ/ Tvada?t/m! #d£ yz>? ,
gva/m! Ap? ì/j< v&?ix k«[u/:v raxae? AiÔv> . 1-010-071.010.07 Indra, by you is food (rendered) everywhere abundant, easy of attainment, and assuredly perfect; wielder of the thunderbolt, set open the cow-pastures, and provide (ample) wealth. [Lit. Indra, as the sender of rain, should fertilize the fields, and by providing abundant pasturage, enable the cattle to yield store of milk].n/ih Tva/ raed?sI %/-e \?"a/yma?[/m! #Nv?t> ,
je;>/ SvvRtIr£ A/p> s< ga A/Sm_y<? xUnuih . 1-010-081.010.08 Heaven and earth are unable to sustain you when destroying your enemies; you may command the waters of heaven; send us lberally kine.Aaïu?Tk[R ïu/xI hv</ nU ic?d£ dix:v me/ igr>? ,
#NÔ/ Staem?m! #/mm! mm? k«/:va yu/jz! ic/d£ ANt?rm! . 1-010-091.010.09 Oh! your whose ears hear all things, listen quickly to my invocation; hold in your heart my praises; keep near to you this my hymn, as it were (the words of) a friend.iv/Òa ih Tva/ v&;?Ntm</ vaje?;u hvn/ïut?m! ,
v&;?NtmSy ømh ^/it< s?hö/sat?mam! . 1-010-101.010.10 We know you, liberal rainer (of blessings), the hearer of our call in battles; we invoke the thousand-fold profitable protection of you, the showerer (of bounties).Aa tU n? #NÔ kaEizk mNdsa/n> su/tm! ip?b ,
nVy/m! Aayu>/ à sU it?r k«/xI s?hö/sam! \i;?m! . 1-010-111.010.11 Come quickly, Indra, sone of Kus'ika, delighted drink the libation; prolong the life that merits commendation; make me, who am a R.s.i abundantly endowed (with possessions). [Vis'va_mitra, the sage, is the son of Kus'ika; legend: Kus'ika, the son of Is.irathi, was desirous of a son equal to Indra; he did penance and Indra was born as the son of Ga_thi (Ga_dhi) (Anukraman.ika_ 3.1): kus'ikastvais.i_rathirindratulyam putramicchan brahmacarya caca_ra; tasyendra eva ga_thi_ putro jajn~e].pir? Tva igvR[ae/ igr? #/ma -?vNtu iv/ñt>? ,
v&/Ïayu/m! Anu/ v&Ï?yae/ juòa? -vNtu/ juò?y> . 1-010-121.010.12 May these our praises be on all occasions around you, deserver of praise; may they augment the power of you, who are long-lived, and being agreeable to you, may they yield delight (to us).
r.s.i: jeta_ma_dhucchandasa; devata_: indra; chanda: anus.t.up #NÔ</ ivña? AvIv&xn! smu/ÔVy?cs</ igr>? ,
r/wIt?m< r/wIna</ vaja?na</ sTp?it/m! pit?m! . 1-011-011.011.01 All our praises magnify Indra, expansive as the ocean, the most valiant of warriors who fight in chariots, the lord of food, the protector of the virtuous. [samudra vyacasam = samudra vad vya_tavantam, spreading or pervading like the ocean; Indra, as the firmament is universally diffused].s/Oye t? #NÔ va/ijnae/ ma -e?m zvss! pte ,
Tvam! A/i- à [ae?numae/ jeta?r/m! Ap?raijtm! . 1-011-021.011.02 Supported by your friendship, Indra, cherisher of strength, we have no fear, but glorify you, the conqueror, the unconquered.pU/vIr£ #NÔ?Sy ra/tyae/ n iv d?SyNTy! ^/ty>? ,
ydI/ vaj?Sy/ gaem?t Stae/t&_yae/ m<h?te m/"m! . 1-011-031.011.03 The ancient liberalities of Indra, his protections, will not be wanting to him who presents to the reciters of the hymns, wealth of food and cattle.pu/ram! i-/NÊr£ yuva? k/ivr£ Aim?taEja Ajayt ,
#NÔae/ ivñ?Sy/ kmR?[ae x/taR v/¿I pu?éòu/t> . 1-011-041.011.04 Indra was born the destroyer of cities, ever young, ever wise, of unbounded strength, the sustainer of all pious acts, the wielder of the thunderbolt, the many-praised. [Text: pura_m bhinduh, breaker of cities; added: asura_n.a_m (asuras)].Tv< v/lSy/ gaem/tae =?pavr£ AiÔvae/ ibl?m! ,
Tva< de/va Aib?_yu;s! tu/Jyma?nas Aaiv;u> . 1-011-051.011.05 Your, wielder of the thunderbolt, did open the cave of Vala, who had there concealed the cattle; and the gods whom he had oppressed, no longer feared when they had obtained you (for their ally). [Vala was an asura; he stole the cows of the gods and hid them in a cave; Indra recovered the cattle after surrounding the cave with his army. Pan.is, also cow-stealers, werre the soldiers of Vala (Anukraman.ika_)].tva/h< zU?r ra/iti->/ àTy! Aa?y</ isNxu?m! Aa/vd?n! ,
%pa?itóNt igvR[ae iv/Ê;! qe/ tSy? ka/rv>? . 1-011-061.011.06 (Attracted) by your bounties, I again come, Hero, to you, celebrating (your liberality) while offering this libation; the performers of the rite approach you, who are worthy of praise, for they have known your (munificence).ma/yai-?r£ #NÔ ma/iyn</ Tv< zu:[/m! Ava?itr> ,
iv/Ê;! qe/ tSy/ meix?ra/s! te;a</ ïva</Sy! %t! it?r . 1-011-071.011.07 Your slewest, Indra, by stratagems, the wily S'us.n.a; the wise have known of this your (greatness); bestow upon them (abundant) food. [S'us.n.a is an asura slain by Indra. S'us.n.a = dryer up; bhuta_na_m s'os.an.a-hetum, the cause of the drying or withering of beings: heat or draught; Indra, as the rain puts an end to this; indrah s'us.n.um jagha_na (Nirukta. 3.11)].#NÔ/m! $za?n/m! Aaej?sa/i- Staema? AnU;t ,
s/hö</ ySy? ra/ty? %/t va/ siNt/ -Uy?sI> . 1-011-081.011.08 The reciters of sacred hymns praise with all their might, Indra, the ruler of the world, whose bounties are (computed) by thousands or even more.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: agni, (s.as.t.ha r.ca_ prathama pa_da: nirmathya agni and a_havani_ya agni); chanda: ga_yatri_ Anuva_ka IV A/i¶< Ë/t< v&?[Imhe/ haeta?r< iv/ñve?dsm! ,
A/Sy y/}Sy? su/³tu?m! . 1-012-011.012.01 We select Agni, the messenger of the gods, their invoker, the possessor of all riches, the perfecter of this rite. [Us.anas, son of Kavi, is the messenger of the asuras: agnir deva_na_m du_ta a_si_d; us.ana_h ka_vya asura_n.a_m (Taittiri_ya Sam.hita_ 2.5.8.5)].A/i¶M-A?i¶</ hvI?mi->/ sda? hvNt iv/Zpit?m! ,
h/Vy/vah?m! puéià/ym! . 1-012-021.012.02 (The offerers of oblations) invoke with their invocations, Agni, Agni, the lord of men, the bearer of offerings, the beloved of many. [vis'pati, fr. vis' (praja_h) = progeny, people].A¶e? de/vaç #/ha v?h j}a/nae v&/b?ihR;e ,
Ais/ haeta? n/ $f(>? . 1-012-031.012.03 Agni, generated (by attrition), bring hither the gods to the clipped sacred grass; you are their invoker for us, and are to be adored. [jajn~a_nah = being born, i.e. produced by the friction of two pieces of wood].taç %?z/tae iv bae?xy/ yd£ A?¶e/ yais? Ë/Tym! ,
de/vEr£ Aa s?iTs b/ihRi;? . 1-012-041.012.04 As you discharge the duty of messenger, arouse them desirous of the oblation; sit down with them on the sacred grass."&ta?hvn dIidv>/ àit? :m/ ir;?tae dh ,
A¶e/ Tv< r?]/iSvn>? . 1-012-051.012.05 Resplendent Agni, invoked by oblations of clarified butter, consume our adversaries, who are defended by evil spirits. [raks.asvinah = having or being attended by ra_ks.asas (raks.oyukta_n)].A/i¶na/i¶> sm! #?Xyte k/ivr£ g&/hp?it/r£ yuva? ,
h/Vy/vaf£ ju/þaSy> . 1-012-061.012.06 Agni, the ever young and wise, the guardian of the dwelling (of the sacrificer), the bearer of offerings, whose mouth is (the vehicle) of oblations, is kindled by Agni. [gr.hapati: pati = pa_laka, cherisher, protector; hence, Agni is portrayed here as the protector of the house of the yajama_na; kindled by fire: oblation is poured into a_havani_ya fire, which can be taken from the household fire or produced by churning with sticks].k/ivm! A/i¶m! %p? Stuih s/Tyx?maR[m! AXv/re ,
de/vm! A?mIv/cat?nm! . 1-012-071.012.07 Praise in the sacrifice, Agni, be the protector of that offerr of oblations who worships you, the messenger of the gods.ys! Tvam! A?¶e h/iv:p?itr£ Ë/t< de?v sp/yRit? ,
tSy? Sm àaiv/ta -?v . 1-012-081.012.08 Resplendent Agni, be the protector of that offerr of oblations who worships you, the messenger of the gods.yae A/i¶< de/vvI?tye h/iv:ma?ç Aa/ivva?sit ,
tSmE? pavk m&¦y . 1-012-091.012.09 Be propitious, Pa_vaka, to him, who, presenting oblations for the gratification of the celestials, approaches Agni.s n>? pavk dIid/vae =?¶e de/vaç #/ha v?h ,
%p? y/}< h/ivz! c? n> . 1-012-101.012.10 Agni, the bright, the purifier, bring hither the gods to our sacrifice, to our oblations.s n/ Stva?n/ Aa -?r gay/Çe[/ nvI?ysa ,
r/iy< vI/rv?tI/m! #;?m! . 1-012-111.012.11 Praised with our newest hymn, bestow upon us riches and food, the source of progeny.A¶e? zu/³e[? zae/ic;a/ ivña?i-r£ de/vø?iti-> ,
#/m< Staem<? ju;Sv n> . 1-012-121.012.12 Agni, shining with pure radiance, and charged with all the invocations of the gods, be pleased by this our praise.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: 1.idhma or samiddhi agni, 2. tanu_napa_t, 3.nara_s'am.sa, 4.il.a_, 5.barhi, 6.divyadva_ra, 7.us.a_sa_nakta_, 8.divyahota_ pracetas, 9.tisro devyah: sarasvati_, il.a_, bha_rati_, 10.tvas.t.a_, 11.vanaspati, 12. sva_ha_kr.ti; chanda: ga_yatri_ sus?imÏae n/ Aa v?h de/vaç A?¶e h/iv:m?te ,
haet>? pavk/ yi]? c . 1-013-011.013.01 Agni, who are Susamiddha, invoker, purifier, bring hither the gods to the offerers of our oblation, and do your sacrifice. [The A_pris are twelve including a name of fire, naras'ansa. Su = well; sam = completely; iddha = kindled; hence, Susamiddha = the thoroughly kindled].mxu?mNt< tnUnpad£ y/}< de/ve;u? n> kve ,
A/*a k«?[uih vI/tye? . 1-013-021.013.02 Wise (Agni) who are Tanu_napa_t (= devourer of clarified butter), present this day our well-favoured sacrifice to the gods for their food. [Tanu_napa_t, deourer of clarified butter (tanu_napa); alternatively, tanu = own substance, or fuel, i.e. consumer of its own substance; napa_t = tanaya, son or offspring; alternatively, napa_t = who does not preserve, who destroys].nra/z<s?m! #/h ià/ym! A/iSmn! y/} %p? þye ,
mxu?ijþ< hiv/:k«t?m! . 1-013-031.013.03 I invoke the beloved Nara_s'ams'a, the sweet-tongued, the offere of oblations, to this sacrifice. [Nara_s'am.s'a, him whom men praise: nara s'am.santi].A¶e? su/ot?me/ rwe? de/vaç $?i¦/t Aa v?h ,
Ais/ haeta/ mnu?ihRt> . 1-013-041.013.04 Agni, (who are) I_l.ita (= worshipped), bring hither the gods in an easy-moving chariot, for you are the invoker instituted by men. [I_l.ita, stutah, the worshipped; fr. i_l.a, to adore, to praise].St&/[I/t b/ihRr£ Aa?nu/;g! "&/tp&?óm! mnIi;[> ,
yÇa/m&t?Sy/ c]?[m! . 1-013-051.013.05 Strew, learned priests, the sacred grass, well bound together (in bundles), and sprinkled with clarified butter, the semblance of ambrosia. [Barhis is an appellative of Agni; amr.ta-sama_nasya ghr.tasya or maran.a-rahitasya barhirna_makasya, agneh:amr.ta (clarified butter sprinkled on grass) has the appearance of ambrosia; or agni is immortal].iv ï?yNtam! \ta/v&xae/ Öarae? de/vIr£ A?s/ít>? ,
A/*a nU/n< c/ yò?ve . 1-013-061.013.06 Let the bright doors, the augmenters of sacrifice, (hitherto) unentered, be set open, for certainly today is the sacrifice to be made. [Doors: agnivis'es.amu_rtayah, personifications of agni].nae/;asa? su/pez?sa/iSmn! y/} %p? þye ,
#/d< nae? b/ihRr£ Aa/sde? . 1-013-071.013.07 I invoke the lovely night and dawn to sit upon the sacred grass, at this our sacrifice. [naktam = night; us.as = dawn; they denote two forms of fire, presiding over theose seasons: tat-ka_la_bhima_nivahnimu_rtidvaye].ta su?ij/þa %p? þye/ haeta?ra/ dEVya? k/vI ,
y/}< nae? y]tam! #/mm! . 1-013-081.013.08 I call the two eloquent divine and sage invokers (of the gods), that they may celebrate this our sacrifice. [Two agnis: daivyau hota_rau pracetasau, two divine invokers (pracetasas), who are sages (kavi)].#¦a/ sr?SvtI m/hI it/öae de/vIr£ m?yae/-uv>? ,
b/ihR> sI?dNTv! A/iöx>? . 1-013-091.013.09 May the three undecaying goddesses, givers of delight, Il.a_, Sarasvati_, and Mahi_ (= Bha_rati_), sit down upon the sacred grass. [Mahi = Bha_rati; Il.a_, Sarasvati_, Bha_rati_ are personifications of agni: agnimu_rtayah; they are also three personified flames of fire. As goddesses, Il.a_ = earth (bride of Vis.n.u); Sarasvati_ = goddess of eloquence (wife of Brahma_); Bharati_ = speech (wife of Bharata, an A_ditya)].#/h Tvòa?rm! Ai¢/y< iv/ñê?p/m! %p? þye ,
A/Smak?m! AStu/ kev?l> . 1-013-101.0113.10 I invoke the chief and multiform Tvas.t.r. (= Vis'vakarma_); may he be solely ours. [Tvas.t.a_ = Vis'vakarma_, artificer of the gods, the fabricator of the original sacrificial vase or ladle. tvas.t.a_ vai pas'u_na_m mithuna_na_m ru_kakr.t---iti s'ruteh (Taittiri_ya.Sam.hita_ 6.1.8.5): Tvas.t.a_ forms in animals in pairs; he is also an A_ditya; here he is an Agni: Tvas.tr.-na_makam agnim].Av? s&ja vnSpte/ dev? de/ve_yae? h/iv> ,
à da/tur£ A?Stu/ cet?nm! . 1-013-111.013.11 Present, divine Vanaspati (= lord of the woods), our oblation to the gods, and may true knowledge be (the reward) of the giver.Svaha? y/}< k«?[aet/neNÔa?y/ yJv?nae g&/he ,
tÇ? de/vaç %p? þye . 1-013-121.013.12 Perform the sacrifice conveyed through Sva_ha_ (= an exclamation used in pouring the oblation on the fire) to Indra, in the house of the worshipper; therefore I call the gods hither. [sva_ha_ = an exclamation used in pouring the oblation on the fire, also identified with Agni. Sva_ha_ is called the daughter of Br.haspati, son of An:giras (Maha_bha_rata); she is also the daughter of Daks.a and wife of Agni].
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: vis'vedeva_; chanda: ga_yatri_ @ei-?r£ A¶e/ Êvae/ igrae/ ivñe?i->/ saem?pItye ,
de/vei-?r£ yaih/ yi]? c . 1-014-011.014.01 Come, Agni, to our adoration, and to our praises, with all these gods, to drink the Soma juice; and (do you) offer sacrifice.Aa Tva/ k{va? Aø;t g&/[iNt? ivà te/ ixy>? ,
de/vei-?r£ A¶/ Aa g?ih . 1-014-021.014.02 The kan.va_s (=medha_vinah or sages; r.tvija or officiating priests) invoke you, sapient Agni, and extol your deeds; come, Agni, Agni, with the gods. [kan.va_: descendants or disciples of r.s.i kan.va; here, interpreted as sages (medha_vinah) or officiating priests (r.tvija_)].#/NÔ/va/yU b&h/Spit?m! im/Çai¶m! pU/;[/m! -g?m! ,
Aa/id/Tyan! maé?t< g/[m! . 1-014-031.014.03 Sacrifice (Agni), to Indra, Va_yu, Br.haspati, Mitra, Agni, Pu_s.an and Bhaga, the A_dityas, and the troop of Maruts. [The hymn has only proper names in the objective case; added: 'sacrifice, Agni, to': Mitra, Pu_s.an and Bhaga are A_dityas, forms of the Sun. br.haspati: br.has = br.hat, great, divine, a deity (Pa_n.ini, VI, I, 157); pati = master or protector, as a spiritual preceptor of the gods].à vae? iæyNt/ #Nd?vae mTs/ra ma?diy/:[v>? ,
Ô/Psa mXv?z! cmU/;d>? . 1-014-041.014.04 For all of you are poured out these juices, satisfying, exhilarating, sweet, falling in drops, or gathered in ladles.$¦?te/ Tvam! A?v/Syv>/ k{va?sae v&/b?ihR;> ,
h/iv:m?Ntae Ar</k«t>? . 1-014-051.014.05 The wise priests desirous of the protection (of the gods) having spread the sacred grass, presenting oblations, and offering ornaments, praise you."&/tp&?óa mnae/yujae/ ye Tva/ vh?iNt/ vû?y> ,
Aa de/van! saem?pItye . 1-014-061.014.06 Let the coursers who convey you, glossy-backed, and harnessed at will, bring the gods to drink the Soma juice. [ghr.ta pr.s.t.ha_h, their backs shining with or from clarified butter or ghee (which is the feed for the horses)].tan! yj?Çaç \ta/v&xae =?¶e/ pÆI?vts! k«ix ,
mXv>? suijþ payy . 1-014-071.014.07 Agni, make those objects of veneration, augmenters of pious acts, (participant of the offering), together with their wives; give them, bright-tongued, to drink of the Soma juice.ye yj?Ça/ y $f(a/s! te te? ipbNtu ij/þya? ,
mxae?r£ A¶e/ v;?q£k«it . 1-014-081.014.08 Let those objects of veneration and of praise, drink with your tongue, of the Soma juice, at the moment of libation.AakI/ sUyR?Sy raec/nad£ ivña?n! de/vaç %?;/buRx>? ,
ivàae/ haete/h v?]it . 1-014-091.014.09 Let the wise invoker (of the gods) bring hither from the shining (sphere) of the sun, all the divinities awaking with the dawn.ivñe?i-> sae/Mym! mXv! A¶/ #NÔe?[ va/yuna? ,
ipba? im/ÇSy/ xam?i-> . 1-014-101.014.10 With all the gods, with Indra, Va_yu and the glories (rays) of Mitra (= various forms of Mitra), drink, Agni the sweet Soma juice. [mitrasya dha_mabhih, with the rays or various forms of Mitra].Tv< haeta/ mnu?ihR/tae =?¶e y/}e;u? sIdis ,
sem< nae? AXv/r< y?j . 1-014-111.014.11 Your, Agni appointed by man as the invoker (of the gods) are present at sacrifices; do you present this our oblation.yu/úva ý! Aé?;I/ rwe? h/irtae? dev rae/iht>? ,
tai-?r£ de/vaç #/ha v?h . 1-014-121.014.12 Yoke, divine Agni, your fleet and powerful mares, Rohits (ta_bhih vad.ava_bhih = mares; rohit= red) to your chariott and by them hither bring the gods. [Rohita, is the name of the horse of Agni].
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: 1,5 indra, 2 marudgan.a, 3 tvas.t.a_, 4, 12 agni, 6 mitra_varun.a, 7,10 dravin.oda_, 11 as'vini_kuma_ra; chanda: ga_yatri_ #NÔ/ saem/m! ipb? \/tuna Tva? ivz/NTv! #Nd?v> ,
m/Ts/ras/s! tdae?ks> . 1-015-011.015.01 Indra, drink with R.tu (proper duty, also personified divinity of a season) the Soma juice; let the satisfying drops entered into you, and there abide.mé?t>/ ipb?t \/tuna? pae/Çad£ y/}m! pu?nItn ,
yU/y< ih óa su?danv> . 1-015-021.015.02 Maruts, drink with R.tu from the sacrificial vase; consecrate the rite, for you are bountiful.A/i- y/}< g&?[Iih nae/ ¶avae/ neò>/ ipb? \/tuna? ,
Tv< ih r?Æ/xa Ais? . 1-015-031.015.03 Nes.t.a_ (= Tvas.t.a_), with your spouse, commend our sacrifice to the gods; drink with R.tu, for you are possessed of riches. [Tvas.t.a_ assumes the functions of Nes.t.r. as the priest at a sacrifice].A¶e? de/vaç #/ha v?h sa/dya/ yaein?;u iÇ/;u ,
pir? -U;/ ipb? \/tuna? . 1-015-041.015.04 Agni, bring the gods hither, arrange them in three places (A_havani_ya, Daks.in.a and Ga_rhapatya--three fires) decorate them; drink with R.tu.äaü?[ad£ #NÔ/ rax?s>/ ipba/ saem?m! \/tUçr£ Anu? ,
tved£ ix s/Oym! ASt&?tm! . 1-015-051.015.05 Drink the Soma juice, Indra from the precious vase of the Bra_hman.a ( = Bra_hmanical wealth) after R.tu, for whom your friendship is uninterrupted. bra_hman.a_d-ra_dhasah = lit. from bra_hmanical wealth; explained as a costly or wealthy vessel: dhanabhu_ta_t pa_tra_t; bra_hman.a_d = bra_hman.a_ccham.si, one of the sixteen priests employed in sacrifices, who perhaps holds some ladle or vase in which the offering is presented: tasya sambandhyucchis.t.as camasah, the relation is the ladle that has the leavings].yu/v< d]<? x&tìt/ imÇa?vé[ Ë/¦-?m! ,
\/tuna? y/}m! Aa?zawe . 1-015-061.015.06 Mitra and Varun.a, propitious to pious acts, be present with R.tu at our sacrifice, efficacious and undisturbed (by foes).Ô/iv/[ae/da Ôiv?[sae/ ¢av?hStasae AXv/re ,
y/}e;u? de/vm! $?¦te . 1-015-071.015.07 (The priests) desirous of wealth, holding stones in their hands, praise the divine (Agni) Dravin.odas (= Agni, donor of wealth), both in the primary (e.g. Agnis.t.oma) and subsidiary (e.g. Ukthya) sacrifices. [gra_va-hasta_sah, having stones in their hands, with which to bruise Soma. Gra_va-va_n is one of the 16 priests. Dravin.odas is an appellative of Agni; donor (das) of wealth, or of strength, dravin.a; adhvara is said to be the primary or essential ceremony, prakr.ti-ru_pa, e.g. agnis.t.oma; yajn~a related to mofied ceremonies, vikr.ti-rupes.u, e.g. ukthya, elsewhere refered to as offering with Soma: somasam.sthaya_gam].Ô/iv/[ae/da d?datu nae/ vsU?in/ yain? z&i{v/re ,
de/ve;u/ ta v?namhe . 1-015-081.015.08 May Dravin.odas give us riches that may be heard of; we ask them for the gods.Ô/iv/[ae/da> ip?pI;it ju/haet/ à c? itót ,
ne/ò+ad£ \/tui-?r£ #:yt . 1-015-091.015.09 Dravin.odas desires to drink with the R.tu from the cup of Nes.t.a_ (= tvas.t.a_ or one of 16 officiating priests); hasten, (priest, to the hall of offering); present the oblation, and depart.yt! Tva? tu/rIy?m! \/tui-/r£ Ôiv?[aedae/ yja?mhe ,
Ax? Sma nae d/idr£ -?v . 1-015-101.015.10 Since Dravin.odas, we adore you for the fourth time (i.e. in four r.ks) along with the R.tu; therefore be a benefactor unto us.Aiñ?na/ ipb?t/m! mxu/ dI*?¶I zuicìta ,
\/tuna? y}vahsa . 1-015-111.015.11 As'vins, performers of pious acts, bright with sacrificial fires, acceptors, with the R.tus, of the sacrifice drink the sweet draught.gahR?pTyen sNTy \/tuna? y}/nIr£ A?is ,
de/van! de?vy/te y?j . 1-015-121.015.12 Giver of rewards (Agni = santya, fr. san, to give), being identified with the household fire, and partaker with R.tu of the sacrifice, worship the gods on behalf of their adorer.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ Aa Tva? vhNtu/ hr?yae/ v&;?[</ saem?pItye ,
#NÔ? Tva/ sUr?c]s> . 1-016-011.016.01 Indra, let your coursers hither bring you, bestower of desires, to drink the Soma juice; may (the priests), radiant as the Sun, (make you manifest).#/ma xa/na "&?t/õuvae/ hrI? #/haep? v]t> ,
#NÔ<? su/ot?me/ rwe? . 1-016-021.016.02 Let his coursers convey Indra in an easy moving chariot hither, where these grains (of parched barley), steeped in clarified butter, are strewn (upon the altar).#NÔ?m! àa/tr£ h?vamh/ #NÔ?m! ày/Ty! AXv/re ,
#NÔ</ saem?Sy pI/tye? . 1-016-031.016.03 We invoke Indra at the morning rite, we invoke him at the succeeding sacrifice, we invoke Indra to drink the Soma juice.%p? n> su/tm! Aa g?ih/ hir?i-r£ #NÔ ke/izi->? ,
su/te ih Tva/ hva?mhe . 1-016-041.016.04 Come, Indra, to our libation with our long-maned steeds; the libation being poured out, we invoke you.sem< n/ Staem/m! Aa g/ý! %pe/d< sv?n< su/tm! ,
gaE/rae n t&?i;/t> ip?b . 1-016-051.016.05 Do you accept this our praise, and come to this our sacrifice, for which the libation is prepared; drink like a thirsty stag (gaura).#/me saema?s/ #Nd?v> su/tasae/ Aix? b/ihRi;? ,
taç #?NÔ/ sh?se ipb . 1-016-061.016.06 These dripping Soma juices are effused upon the sacred grass; drink them, Indra, (to recruit your) vigour.A/y< te/ Staemae? Ai¢/yae ù?id/Sp&g! A?Stu/ z<t?m> ,
Awa/ saem<? su/tm! ip?b . 1-016-071.016.07 May this our excellent hymn, touching your heart, be grateful to you, and thence drink the effused libation.ivñ/m! #t! sv?n< su/tm! #NÔae/ mda?y gCDit ,
v&/Ç/ha saem?pItye . 1-016-081.016.08 Indra, the destroyer of enemies, repairs assuredly to every ceremony where the libation is poured out, to drink the Soma juice for (his) exhilaration.sem< n>/ kam/m! Aa p&?[/ gaei-/r£ AñE>? zt³tae ,
Stva?m Tva Sva/Xy> . 1-016-091.016.09 Do you, S'atakratu, accomplish our desire with (the gift of) cattle and horse; profoundly meditating, we praise you.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: indra_varun.a_; chanda: ga_yatri_ #NÔa/vé?[yaer£ A/h< s/èajae/r£ Av/ Aa v&?[e ,
ta nae? m&¦at $/åze? . 1-017-011.017.01 I seek the protection of the sovereign rulers (= possessed of extensive dominion or shining very brilliantly), Indra and Varun.a; may they both favour us accordingly.gNta?ra/ ih Swae =?vse/ hv</ ivà?Sy/ mav?t> ,
x/taRra? c;R[I/nam! . 1-017-021.017.02 For you are ever ready, guardians of mankind, to grant protection on the appeal of a minister such as I am.A/nu/ka/m< t?pRyewa/m! #NÔa?vé[ ra/y Aa ,
ta va</ neid?óm! $mhe . 1-017-031.017.03 Satisfy us with wealth, Indra and Varun.a, according to our desires; we desire you ever near us.yu/vakà/ ih zcI?na< yu/vakà? sumtI/nam! ,
-U/yam? vaj/daëa?m! . 1-017-041.017.04 The mingled (libations; yuva_ku = mixture of curds and ghee; s'aci_na_m, mixture of butter milk, water and meal) of our pious rites, the mingled yuva_ku sumati_na_m = (laudations) of our right-minded (= sumati_na_m, priests, are prepared); may we be (included) among the givers of food.#NÔ>? shö/daëa</ vé?[>/ z<Sya?nam! ,
³tu?r£ -vTy! %/KWy> . 1-017-051.017.05 Indra is a giver among the givers of thousands;Varun.a is to be praised among those who are deserving of laudation.tyae/r£ #d£ Av?sa v/y< s/nem/ in c? xImih ,
Syad£ %/t à/rec?nm! . 1-017-061.017.06 Through their protection, we enjoy (riches) and heap them up, and still there is abundance.#NÔa?vé[ vam! A/h< ÷/ve ic/Çay/ rax?se ,
A/Sman! su ij/Gyu;?s! k«tm! . 1-017-071.017.07 I invoke you both, Indra and Varun.a, quickly bestow happiness upon us, for our minds are devoted to you both.#NÔa?vé[/ nU nu va</ is;a?sNtI;u xI/:v! Aa ,
A/Sm_y</ zmR? yCDtm! . 1-017-081.017.08 Indra and Varun.a, quickly bestow happiness upon us, for our minds are devoted to you both.à va?m! Aîaetu suòu/itr£ #NÔa?vé[/ ya< ÷/ve ,
yam! \/xawe? s/xStu?itm! . 1-017-091.017.09 May the earnest priase which I offer to Indra and Varun.a reach you both--that conjoint praise which you (accepting), dignify.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: 1-3 brahman.aspati, 4 indra, brahman.aspati, soma, 5 brahman.aspati, daks.in.a_, 6-7 sadasaspati, 8 sadaspati or nara_s'am.sa; chanda: ga_yatri_ Anuva_ka V sae/man</ Svr?[< k«[u/ih ä?ü[s! pte ,
k/]Iv?Nt</ y AaE?iz/j> . 1-018-011.018.01 Brahman.aspati (=Agni, connected with prayer) make the offerer of the libation illustrious among the gods, like Kaks.i_vat, the son of Us'ij (and Di_rghatamas). [Legend: Kaks.i_vat, was the son of Di_rghatamas, by Us.ij, a female servant of the queen of Kalin:ga Ra_ja, whom her husband had desired to submit to the embraces of sage to beget a son. The queen substituted her maid Us.ij. Sage was aware of the deception, sanctified Us.ij, begot by her a son, named Kaks.i_vat, who was a ks.atriya with the affiliation to Kalin:ga and was also a bra_hman.a since he was the son of Di_rghatamas. He is also a r.s.i: aham kas'iva_n r.s.irasmi: I am the r.s.i kaks.i_vat (Nirukta.6.10)].yae re/van! yae A?mIv/ha v?su/ivt! pu?iò/vxR?n> ,
s n>? is;à/ ys! tu/r> . 1-018-021.018.02 May he who is opulent, the healer of disease, the acquirer of riches, the augmenter of nourishment, the prompt (bestower of rewards) be favourable to us.ma n>/ z<sae/ Ar?é;ae xU/itR> à[/'£ mTyR?Sy ,
r]a? [ae äü[s! pte . 1-018-031.018.03 Protect us, Brahman.aspati, so that no calumnious censure of a melevolent man may reach us.s "a? vI/rae n ir?:yit/ ym! #NÔae/ äü?[/s! pit>? ,
saemae? ih/naeit/ mTyR?m! . 1-018-041.018.04 The liberal man, whom Indra, Brahman.aspati, and Soma protect, never perishes.Tv< tm! ä?ü[s! pte/ saem/ #NÔ?z! c/ mTyR?m! ,
di]?[a pa/Tv! A<h?s> . 1-018-051.018.05 Do you, Brahman.aspati, and do you, Soma, Indra and Daks.in.a_ (= present personified as a female divinity), protect that man from sin.sd?s/s! pit/m! AÑé?tm! ià/ym! #NÔ?Sy/ kaMy?m! ,
s/inm! me/xam! A?yais;m! . 1-018-061.018.06 I solicit understanding from Sadasaspati (= Agni, protector of the assembly), the wonderful, the friend of Indra, the desirable, the bountiful.ySma?d£ \/te n isXy?it y/}ae iv?p/iít?z! c/n ,
s xI/na< yaeg?m! #Nvit . 1-018-071.018.07 Without whose aid the sacrifice even of the wise is not perfected; he pervades the association of our thoughts (or, the object of our pious acts; dhi_ = buddhi, understanding or karma).Aad£ \?×aeit h/iv:k«?it/m! àaÂ<? k«[aeTy! AXv/rm! ,
haeÇa? de/ve;u? gCDit . 1-018-081.018.08 He rewrds the presenter of the oblation; he brings the sacrifice to its conclusion; (through him) our invocation reaches the gods.nra/z<s<? su/x&ò?m/m! Ap?Zy< s/àw?Stmm! ,
id/vae n sÒ?mosm! . 1-018-091.018.09 I have beheld Na_ra_s'am.sa (i.e. Agni or the personified yajn~a or sacrifice at which men praise the gods), the most resolute, the most renowned, and radiant as the heavens. ['I beheld (with the eye of the Vedas) that divinity Sadasaspati, who is to be praised by men, who is also called Nara_s'am.sa' (Aitareya Bra_hman.a 6.27)].
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: agni and marudgan.a; chanda: ga_yatri_ àit/ Ty< caé?m! AXv/r< gae?pI/way/ à ø?yse ,
m/éiÑ?r£ A¶/ Aa g?ih . 1-019-01
1.019.01 Earnestly are you invoked to this perfect rite, to drink the Soma juice; come, Agni, with the Maruts.n/ih de/vae n mTyaêR? m/hs! tv/ ³tu?m! p/r> ,
m/éiÑ?r£ A¶/ Aa g?ih . 1-019-021.019.02 Nor god nor man has power over a rite (dedicated) to you, who are mighty; come, Agni, with the Maruts.ye m/hae rj?sae iv/Êr£ ivñe? de/vasae? A/Ôéh>? ,
m/éiÑ?r£ A¶/ Aa g?ih . 1-019-031.019.03 Who all are divine (deva_sah = dyotama_na_h, shining) and devoid of malignity and who know (how to cause the descent) of great waters; come, Agni, with the (sapta-gan.a_ or all seven troops of) Maruts. [udi_ryatha_ marutah samudrato yu_yam vr.s.tim vars. ayatha_ puri_s.in.ah: Maruts, you have risen from the ocrean; taking the lead, you have sent down rain (RV 5.55.5); rajas = water, light or the world (Nirukta. 4.19)].y %/¢a A/kRm! Aa?n&/cur£ Ana?x&òas/ Aaej?sa ,
m/éiÑ?r£ A¶/ Aa g?ih . 1-019-041.019.04 Who are fierce, and send down rain (arka, fr. arc to worship; a_po va_ arkah (S'atapatha Bra_hman.a 10.6.5.2); hence, arka connotes water or rain), and are unsurpassed in strength; come, Agni with the Maruts. [so arcannacarat tasya_rcatah a_po aja_yanta: Hiran.yagarbha proceeded, worshipping, (after creating the solid earth), and from him worshipping the waters were produced (S'atapatha Bra_hman.a 10.6.5.1)].ye zu/æa "ae/rv?pRs> su]/Çasae? ir/zad?s> ,
m/éiÑ?r£ A¶/ Aa g?ih . 1-019-051.019.05 Who are brilliant, of terrific forms, who are possessors of great wealth, and are devourers of the malevolent; come, Agni with the Maruts.ye nak/Syaix? raec/ne id/iv de/vas/ Aas?te ,
m/éiÑ?r£ A¶/ Aa g?ih . 1-019-061.019.06 Who are divinities abiding in the radiant heaven above the sun; come, Agni with the Maruts. [divi-dyuloke = in the heaven; na_kasya adhi = su_ryasya upari, above the sun; na_ka = sun, sky or heaven].y $/îy?iNt/ pvR?tan! it/r> s?mu/Ôm! A?[R/vm! ,
m/éiÑ?r£ A¶/ Aa g?ih . 1-019-071.019.07 Who scatter the clouds, and agitate the sea (with waves): come, Agni with the Maruts.Aa ye t/NviNt? r/iZmi-?s! it/r> s?mu/Ôm! Aaej?sa ,
m/éiÑ?r£ A¶/ Aa g?ih . 1-019-081.019.08 Who spread (through the firmament) along with the rays (of the sun) and with their strength agitate the ocean: come, Agni, with the Maruts. [Note, the idea of influence of winds upon the sea.]A/i- Tva? pU/vRpI?tye s&/jaim? sae/Mym! mxu? ,
m/éiÑ?r£ A¶/ Aa g?ih . 1-019-091.019.09 I pour out the sweet Soma juice for your drinking, (as) of old; come, Agni with the Maruts.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: r.bhugan.a; chanda: ga_yatri_ A/y< de/vay/ jNm?ne/ Staemae/ ivàe?i-r£ Aas/ya ,
Aka?ir rÆ/xat?m> . 1-020-011.020.01 This hymn, the bestower of riches, has been addressed by the sages, with their own mouths, to the (class of) divinities having birth (lit. to the divine or brilliant birth; e.g. R.bhus--R.bhu, Vibhu and Va_ja were pious men, who through penance became divinities). [deva_ya janmane: lit. to the divine or brilliant birth; janmane: ja_yama_na_ya, being born, or having birth; deva_ya: deva-san:gha_ya, a class of divinities, R.bhus who achieved deification: manus.ya_h santastapasa_ devatvam pra_pta_h. R.bhus were three sons of Sudhanvan, a descendant of An:giras. Through their good work (svapas = su-apas), they became divine, exercised superhuman powers and became entitled to receive praise and adoration. They dwell in the solar sphere, identified with the rays of the sun].y #NÔa?y vcae/yuja? tt/]ur£ mn?sa/ hrI? ,
zmI?i-r£ y/}m! Aa?zt . 1-020-021.020.02 They who created mentally for Indra the horses that are harnessed (carved) at his words, have partaken of the sacrifice performed with holy acts. (s'ami_bhih = ceremonies; i.e. they have pervaded, appropriated or accepted the sacrifice peformed with tongs, ladles, and utensils; an intimation of the mechanical skills of R.bhu). [grahacamasa_dinis'pa_danaru_paih karmabhir, yajn~am, asmadi_yam a_s'ata (vya_ptavantah): they have pervaded (or accepted) our sacrifice, performed with those acts which are executed by means of tongs, ladles, and other (utensils used in oblations). R.bhus invented these implements, and attest to their mechanical skills].t]/n! nas?Tya_ya/m! pir?Jman< su/o< rw?m! ,
t]?n! xe/nu< s?b/ÊR"a?m! . 1-020-031.020.03 They constructed for the Na_satya_s, a universally-moving and easy car, and a cow yielding milk. (taks.an = ataks.an, lit. they (R.bhus) chipped or fabricated, mechanically, the appendages of Indra and As'vin). [They carved (tataks.uh) Indar's horse; they did it mentally (ma_nasa)].yuva?na ip/tra/ pun>? s/Tym?Ùa \jU/yv>? ,
\/-vae? iv/ò(! A³t . 1-020-041.020.04 The R.bhus, uttering unfailing prayers, endowed with rectitude, and succeeding (in all pious acts; vis.t.i_ = vya_ptiyuktah, i.e. encountering no opposition in all acts), made their (aged) parents young. [satya-mantra_h = repeating true prayers, i.e. prayers certain to achieve the objects prayed for; akrata: fr. kr., to make generally].s< vae/ mda?sae AGm/teNÔe?[ c m/éTv?ta ,
Aa/id/Tyei-?z! c/ raj?i-> . 1-020-051.020.05 R.bhus, the exhilarating juices are offered to you, along with Indra, attended by the Maruts and along with the brilliang A_dityas. [Libations offered at the third daily, or evening sacrifice, are presented to Indra, along with the A_dityas, together with R.bhu, Vibhu and Va_ja, with Br.haspati and the Vis'vedeva_s (A_s'vala_yana S'rauta Su_tra, 5.3)].%/t Ty< c?m/s< nv</ Tvòu?r£ de/vSy/ in:k«?tm! ,
Ak?tR c/tur>/ pun>? . 1-020-061.020.06 The R.bhus have divided unto four the new ladle, the work of the divine Tvas.t.a_ (i.e. devasambandhih taks.ana.vya_pa_rah = divinity whose duty in relations to gods is carpentry; cf. tvas.t.a_ tvas.t.uh s'is.ya_h R.bhavah = R.bhus are the disciples of Tvas.t.a_; four ladles are an apparent reference to an innovation in the objects of libation for sharing). [Tvas.t.a_ is the artisan of the gods; he is a divinity whose duty is carpentry, with relation to the gods].te nae/ rÆa?in xÄn/ iÇr£ Aa saÝa?in suNv/te ,
@k?M-@k< suz/iSti->? . 1-020-071.020.07 May they, moved by our praises, give to the offere of the libation many precious things, and perfect the thrice seven sacrifices [i.e. seven sacrifices in each of three classes: agnya_dheyam (clarified butter), pa_kayajn~a (dressed viands), agnis.t.oma (soma)]. [Trira_ sa_pta_ni: trih may be applied to precious things to sa_pta_ni, seven sacrifices].Axa?ryNt/ vû/yae =?-jNt suk«/Tyya? ,
-a/g< de/ve;u? y/i}y?m! . 1-020-081.020.08 Offerers (of sacrifices), they held (a moral existence); by their pious acts they obtained a share of sacrifices with the gods. [a_dha_rayanta = they held or enjoyed (pra_n.a_n, i.e. vital airs, life)] [marta_sah santo amr.tatvam anas'uh: beyong mortals, they obtained immprtality (RV. 1.110.4); saudhanvana_ yajn~iyam bha_gam a_nas'a: by the son of Sudhanvan was a sacrificial portion acquired (RV. 1.60.1); r.bhavo vai deves.u tapasa_ somapi_tham abhyajayan: r.bhus won by devotion the drinking of Soma among the gods (Aitareya Bra_hman.a 3.30)].
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: indra_gni_; chanda: ga_yatri_ #/heNÔa/¶I %p? þye/ tyae/r£ #t! Staem?m! %Zmis ,
ta saem<? saem/pat?ma . 1-021-011.021.01 Invoke hither Indra and Agni, to whom we desire to present our praise; let them, who are both copious drinkers of the Soma juice, (accept the libation).ta y/}e;u/ à z<?steNÔa/¶I zu?M-ta nr> ,
ta ga?y/Çe;u? gayt . 1-021-021.021.02 Praise, men, Indra and Agni, in sacrifices, decorate them (with ornaments) and hymn them with hymns.ta im/ÇSy/ àz?Sty #NÔa/¶I ta h?vamhe ,
sae/m/pa saem?pItye . 1-021-031.021.03 We invoke Indra and Agni, for the benefit of our friend (the institutor of the rite), drinkers of the Soma juice, to drink the libation.%/¢a sNta? hvamh/ %pe/d< sv?n< su/tm! ,
#/NÔa/¶I @h g?CDtam! . 1-021-041.020.04 We invoke the two who are fierce (to their foes) to attend the rite, where the libation is prepared; Indra and Agni, come hither.ta m/haNta/ sd/SptI/ #NÔa?¶I/ r]? %âtm! ,
Aà?ja> sNTv! A/iÇ[>? . 1-021-051.021.05 May those two, Indra and Agni who are mighty, and guardians of the assembly, render the Ra_ks.as innocuous, and may the devourers (of men) be destitute of progeny.ten? s/Tyen? jag&t/m! Aix? àce/tune? p/de ,
#NÔa?¶I/ zmR? yCDtm! . 1-021-061.021.06 By this unfailing sacrifice, by you rendered vigilant, Indra and Agni, in the station which affords knowledge (of the consequence of acts), and bestow upon us happiness.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: 1-4 as'vinau, 5-8 savita_, 9-10 agni, 11 devya, 12 indra_n.i_, varun.a_ni_, agna_yi_, 13-14 dya_va_pr.thivi_, 15 pr.thivi_, 16 vis.n.u or devagan.a, 17-21 vis.n.u; chanda: ga_yatri_ àa/t/yuRja/ iv bae?xya/iñna/v! @h g?CDtam! ,
A/Sy saem?Sy pI/tye? . 1-022-011.022.01 Awaken, the As'vins, associated for the morning sacrifice; let them both come hither to drink of this Soma juice.ya su/rwa? r/wIt?mae/-a de/va id?iv/Sp&za? ,
A/iñna/ ta h?vamhe . 1-022-021.022.02 We invoke the two As'vins, who are both divine, the best of charioteers, riding in an excellent car and attaining heaven.ya va</ kza/ mxu?m/Ty! Aiñ?na sU/n&ta?vtI ,
tya? y/}m! im?im]tm! . 1-022-031.022.03 As'vins, stir up (mimiks.atam = mix intimately, rapidly like a whip) the sacrifice with your whip that is wet the foam (of your horses), and lashing loudly. [ka_s'a = whip, may also mean speech; madhumati_ and sunr.ta_vati_ = wet and loud, signifying sweet and veracious--come with such speech, As'vins and taste the libation].n/ih va/m! AiSt? Ër/ke yÇa/ rwe?n/ gCD?w> ,
Aiñ?na sae/imnae? g&/hm! . 1-022-041.022.04 The abode of the offerer of the libation is not far from you, As'vins, going thither in your car.ihr?{ypai[m! ^/tye? siv/tar/m! %p? þye ,
s ceÄa? de/vta? p/dm! . 1-022-051.022.05 Invoke Savita_ (Sun), the golden- handed, to protect me; he will appoint the station of the worshippers. [suvarn.ahasta = golden-handed, i.e. he who gives gold to the worshipper. Legend: At a sacrifice performed by the gods, Su_rya undertook the office of r.tvij, but positioned himself in the station of Brahma_. The Adhvaryu priests saw him in that position and gave him the oblation termed pra_s'itra. As soon as this was received, Su_rya cut off the hand that had improperly accepted it. The priests who had given the oblation bestowed upon Su_rya a hand of gold].A/pa< npa?t/m! Av?se siv/tar/m! %p? Stuih ,
tSy? ì/taNy! %?Zmis . 1-022-061.022.06 Glorify Savita_, who is no friend to water, or our protection; we desire to celebrate his worship.(apa_m napa_t = son of the waters). [apa_m-napat may also mean the Sun, who is the parent of the waters: a_ditya_t ja_yate vr.s.t.ih: rain is born from the sun (Manu 3.76); napa_t = lit. who does not cherish (na pa_layati), but dried them up by his heat, santa_pena s'os.akah].iv/-/ar<? hvamhe/ vsae?z! ic/ÇSy/ rax?s> ,
s/iv/tar<? n&/c]?sm! . 1-022-071.022.07 We invoke Savita_, the enlightener of men, the dispenser of various home-insuring wealth.soa?y/ Aa in ;I?dt siv/ta StaeMyae/ nu n>? ,
data/ raxa<?is zuM-it . 1-022-081.022.08 Sit down, friends; Savita_ verily is to be praised by us, for he is the giver of riches.A¶e/ pÆI?r£ #/ha v?h de/vana?m! %z/tIr£ %p? ,
Tvòa?r</ saem?pItye . 1-022-091.022.09 Agni, bring hither the loving wives of the gods, and Tvas.t.a_, to drink the Soma juice.Aa ¶a A?¶ #/hav?se/ haeÇa<? yivó/ -ar?tIm! ,
vê?ÇI ix/;[a<? vh . 1-022-101.022.10 Youthful Agni, bring hither for our protection the wives (of the gods), Hotra_ (wife of Agni or personified invocation), Bha_rati_ (an A_ditya), Varutri_ (= varan.i_ya_, chosen), and Dhis.an.a_ (= va_c or va_g-devi_, goddess of speech). [varutri_: varan.i_ya_, who is to be chosen or preferred).A/i- nae? de/vIr£ Av?sa m/h> zmR?[a n&/pÆI>? ,
AiCD?ÚpÇa> scNtam! . 1-022-111.022.11 May the goddesses, whose wings are unclipt the protectresses of mankind, favour us with perfection, and with entire felicity. [acchinna-paks'a_h: the wives of the gods being in the form of birds, no one had cut their wings].#/heNÔa/[Im! %p? þye vé[a/nI Sv/Stye? ,
A/¶ayI/ saem?pItye . 1-022-121.022.12 Invoke hither, Indra_n.i_, Varun.a_ni_, and Agna_yi_, for our welfare, and to drink the Soma juice.m/hI *aE> p&?iw/vI c? n #/m< y/}m! im?im]tam! ,
ip/p&/ta< nae/ -rI?mi-> . 1-022-131.022.13 May the great heven and the earth be pleased to blend this sacrifice (with their own dews) and fill us with nutriment. [bhari_mabhih = bharan.aih pos.an.aih].tyae/r£ #d£ "&/tv/t! pyae/ ivàa? irhiNt xI/iti->? ,
g/Nx/vRSy? Øu/ve p/de . 1-022-141.022.14 The wise taste, through their pious acts, the ghee-resembling waters of these two, (abiding) in the permanent region of the Gandharvas. (Antariks.a, the sphere of gandharvas, yaks.as and apsarasas, the firmament between heaven and earth). [a_ka_s'e varma_nayoh dya_va_pr.thivyoh].Syae/na p&?iwiv -van&]/ra in/vez?nI ,
yCDa? n>/ zmR? s/àw>? . 1-022-151.022.15 Earth be your wide-spreading, free from thorns, and our abiding place; give us great happiness. [syona_ = expanded, pleasant, agreeable]. [The hymn is repeated at the ceremony termed maha_na_mni, at the time of touching the earth].Atae? de/va A?vNtu nae/ ytae/ iv:[u?r£ ivc³/me ,
p&/iw/Vya> s/Ý xam?i-> . 1-022-161.022.16 May the gods preserve us (from that portion) of the earth whence Vis.n.u (aided) by the seven metres, stepped. [Vis.n.u = parames'vara, supreme ruler, one who pervades the world: vis.n.ur-vis.aterva vyas'noter-va_; vicakrame = stepped; vividhapa_dakraman.am kr.tava_n, he made the goiing of various steps; gods, headed by Vis.n.u subdued the invincible earth, using the seven metres of the Veda as their instruments; an allusion to the Trivikrama avata_ra where Vis.n.u traverses the three worlds in three steps; preserve us from the earth = the hindrance of the sin of those inhabiting the earth, bhu_loke vartama_na_na_m pa_paniva_ran.am].#/d< iv:[u/r£ iv c?³me Çe/xa in d?xe p/dm! ,
smU?¦£hm! ASy pa<su/re . 1-022-171.022.17 Vis.n.u traversed this (world); three times he planted his foot and the whole (world) was collected in the dust of his (footstep).[tredha_ nidhadhe padam: the three paces of Vis.n.u imply the presence of Vis.n.u in the three regions of earth, air and heaven, in the forms of Agni, Va_yu and Su_rya, fire, wind and the sun. According to S'a_kapu_n.i, the step was on earth, in the firmament, in heaven; according to Aurn.ava_bha on Sama_rohan.a or the eastern mountain, on Vis.n.upada the meridian sky and Gayas'iras the western mountain, thus identifiying Vis.n.u with the Sun, and his three paces with the rise, culmination, and setting of that luminary].ÇIi[? p/da iv c?³me/ iv:[u?r£ gae/pa Ada?_y> ,
Atae/ xmaR?i[ xa/ry?n! . 1-022-181.022.18 Vis.n.u, the preserver, the uninjurable, stepped three steps, upholding thereby righteous acts. [gopa_, sarvasya jagato raks.akah: the preserver of all the worlds; the principal attribute of Vis.n.u].iv:[ae>/ kmaR?i[ pZyt/ ytae? ì/tain? pSp/ze ,
#NÔ?Sy/ yuJy>/ soa? . 1-022-191.022.19 Behold the deeds of Vis.n.u, through which (the worshipper) has accomplished (pious) vows; he is the worthy friend of Indra.td£ iv:[ae>? pr/mm! p/d< sda? pZyiNt sU/ry>? ,
id/vIv/ c]u/r£ Aat?tm! . 1-022-201.022.20 The wise ever contemplate that supreme station of Vis.n.u, as the eye ranges over the sky. [ paramam padam = supreme degree or station, svarga].td£ ivàa?sae ivp/Nyvae? jag&/va<s>/ sm! #?Nxte ,
iv:[ae/r£ yt! p?r/mm! p/dm! . 1-022-211.022.21 The wise, ever vigilant and diligent in praise, amply glorify that which is the supreme station of Vis.n.u.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: 1 va_yu, 2-3 indrava_yu_, 4-6 mitra_varun.a, 7-9 indra-marutva_n, 10-12 vis'vedeva_, 13-15 pu_s.a_, 16,22,23 pu_rva_rddha-a_pah devata_, 23 uttara_rdha also, 24 agni; chanda: 1-18 ga_yatri_, 19 pura us.n.ik, 21 pratis.t.a_, 20 and 22-24 anus.t.up tI/ìa> saema?s/ Aa g?ý! Aa/zIvR?Nt> su/ta #/me ,
vayae/ tan! àiSw?tan! ipb . 1-023-011.023.01 These sharp and blessing-bearing Soma juices are poured out; come, Va_yu, and drink of them as presented.%/-a de/va id?iv/Sp&ze?NÔva/yU h?vamhe ,
A/Sy saem?Sy pI/tye? . 1-023-021.023.02 We invoke both the divinities abiding in heaven, Indra and Va_yu, to drink of this Soma juice.#/NÔ/va/yU m?nae/juva/ ivàa? hvNt ^/tye? ,
s/h/öa/]a ix/ys! ptI? . 1-023-031.023.03 The wise invoke, for their preservation, Indra and Va_yu, who are swift as thought, have a thousand eyes, and are protectors of pious acts. [sahasra_ks.au = Indra, as personified heaven, signifying its expansiveness or studded with constellations; manojava_ = swift as thought, attribute of Va_yu].im/Ç< v/y< h?vamhe/ vé?[</ saem?pItye ,
j/}a/na pU/td?]sa . 1-023-041.023.04 We invoke Mitra and Varun.a, becoming present at the sacrifice, and of pure strength, to drink the Soma juice.\/ten/ yav! \?ta/v&xa?v! \/tSy/ Jyaeit?;/s! ptI? ,
ta im/Çavé?[a ÷ve . 1-023-051.023.05 I invoke Mitra and Varun.a, who with true speech, are the encouragers of pious acts, and are lords of true light.[Mitra and Varun.a are among the eights sons of Aditi, A_dityas]. [r.tasya jyotis.as-pati: s'rutyantare ca_s.t.au putra_so aditeh ityupakramya mitras'ca varun.as'ca itya_dikam a_mna_tam (Taittiri_ya A_ran.yaka 1.13.2-3)vé?[> àaiv/ta -u?vn! im/Çae ivña?i-r£ ^/iti->? ,
kr?ta< n> su/rax?s> . 1-023-061.023.06 May Varun.a be our especial protector; may Mitra defend us with all defences; may they make us most opulent.m/éTv?Nt< hvamh/ #NÔ/m! Aa saem?pItye ,
s/jUr£ g/[en? t&Mptu . 1-023-071.023.07 We invoke Indra, attended by the Maruts to drink the Soma juice; may he, with his associates, be satisfied.#NÔ?Jyeóa/ mé?Ì[a/ deva?s>/ pU;?raty> ,
ivñe/ mm? ïuta/ hv?m! . 1-023-081.023.08 Divine Maruts, of whom Indra is the chief and Pu_s.an is the donor, or benefactor; in what way, is not specified. [Maruts are pus.ara_tayah, of whom Pu_s.an is the donor].h/t v&/Ç< su?danv/ #NÔe?[/ sh?sa yu/ja ,
ma nae? Ê>/z<s? $zt . 1-023-091.023.09 Liberal donors, along with the mighty and associated Indra, destroy Vr.tra; let not the evil one prevail against us.ivña?n! de/van! h?vamhe m/ét>/ saem?pItye ,
%/¢a ih p&iî?matr> . 1-023-101.023.10 We invoke all the divine Maruts, who are fierce, and have the (many- coloured) earth for their mother, to drink the Soma juice. [Pr.s.n.i_ = many-coloured earth, na_na_varn.ayukta_ bhu_h; pr.s.n.i = sky, or heaven in general].jy?tam! #v tNy/tur£ m/éta?m! @it x&:[u/ya ,
yc! Du-<? ya/wna? nr> . 1-023-111.023.11 Whenever, leaders (of men), you accept an auspicious (offering), then the shout of the Maruts spreads with exultation, like (that) of conquerors.h/Ska/rad£ iv/*ut/s! py!r£ Atae? ja/ta A?vNtu n> ,
m/étae? m&¦yNtu n> . 1-023-121.023.12 May the Maruts, born from the brilliant lightning, everywhere preserve us, and make us happy. [haskara_d-vidyutah = variously shining, i.e. antariks.a or firmament].Aa pU?;|! ic/Çb?ihR;/m! Aa"&?[e x/é[<? id/v> ,
Aaja? n/ò< ywa? p/zum! . 1-023-131.023.13 Resplendent and (swift) moving Pu_s.an, bring from heaven the Soma juice, in combination with the variegated sacred grass, as (a man brings back) an animal that was lost.pU/;a raja?n/m! Aa"&?i[/r£ Ap?gU¦£h</ guha? ih/tm! ,
Aiv?Ndc! ic/Çb?ihR;m! . 1-023-141.023.14 The resplendent Pu_s.an has found the royal (Soma juice), although concealed, hidden in a secret place, strewed amongst the sacred grass. [guha_-hitam = placed in a cave or in a place difficult of access; guha_sadr.s'e durgame dyuloke].%/tae s mý/m! #NÊ?i->/ ;f£ yu/aç A?nu/sei;?xt! ,
gaei-/r£ yv</ n c?k£r£#R;t! . 1-023-151.023.15 Verily he has brought to me successively the six (seasons), connected with the drops (of the Soma juice) as (a husbandsman) repeatedly ploughs (the earth) for barley. [s'at. = vasanta_din r.tun, the spring and the rest of seasons].A/Mbyae? y/NTy! AXv?i-r£ ja/myae? AXvrIy/tam! ,
p&/Â/tIr£ mxu?na/ py>? . 1-023-161.023.16 Mothers to us, who are desirous of sacrificing, the kindred (waters) flow by the paths (of sacrifice) qualifying the milk (of kine) with sweetness.[ambayah = mothers or a_po va_ ambayah, mothers who are waters].A/mUr£ ya %p/ sUyêR/ yai-?r£ va/ sUyR>? s/h ,
ta nae? ihNvNTv! AXv/rm! . 1-023-171.023.17 May those waters which are contiguous to the Sun, and those with which the Sun is associated, be propitious to our rite. [cf. a_pah surye sama_hita_h, waters are collected in the Sun: Taittiri_ya A_ran.yaka 2.8.21).A/pae de/vIr£ %p? þye/ yÇ/ gav>/ ipb?iNt n> ,
isNxu?_y>/ kTv¡? h/iv> . 1-023-181.023.18 Invoke the divine waters in which our cattle drink; offer oblations to the following (streams).A/PSv! ANtr£ A/m&t?m! A/Psu -e?;/jm! A/pam! %/t àz?Stye ,
deva/ -v?t va/ijn>? . 1-023-191.023.19 Ambrosia is in the waters; in the waters are medicinal herbs; therefore, divine (priest), be prompt in their praise. [Deva = r.tvij and other bra_hman.as; ete vai deva_h pratyaks.am yad bra_hman.a_h = these dieties, who are perceptibly (present) are the bra_hman.as (Taittiri_ya Sam.hita_ 1.7.3.1)A/Psu me/ saemae? AävId£ A/Ntr£ ivña?in -e;/ja ,
A/i¶< c? iv/ñz?M-uv/m! Aap?z! c iv/ñ-e?;jI> . 1-023-201.023.20 Soma has declared to me, 'all medicaments, as well as Agni, the benefactor of the universe, are in the waters'; the waters, contain all healing herbs. [Entrance of Agni into the water is noted in many places: so a_pah pra_vis'at (Taittiri_ya Bra_hman.a 2.6.6.1); legend: Agni hides himself through fear, an allusion to subservience of waters to Agni].Aap>? p&[I/t -e?;/j< vê?w< t/Nve mm? ,
Jyaek£ c/ sUy¡? å/ze . 1-023-211.023.21 Waters, bring to perfection all disease-dispelling medicaments for (the good of ) my body, that I may long behold the sun.#/dm! Aa?p>/ à v?ht/ yt! ik< c? Êir/tm! miy? ,
yd£ va/hm! A?i-Ê/Ôaeh/ yd£ va? ze/p %/tan&?tm! . 1-023-221.023.22 Waters, take away whatever sin has been (found) in me whether I have (knowingly) done wrong, or have pronounced imprecations (against holy men) or (have spoken) untruth.Aapae? A/*aNv! A?cair¡/ rse?n/ sm! A?gSmih ,
py?Svan! A¶/ Aa g?ih/ tm! ma/ s< s&?j/ vcR?sa . 1-023-231.023.23 I have this day entered into the waters; we have mingled with their essence; Agni, abiding in the waters, approach, and fill me, thus (bathed), with vigour. [rasena samagasmahi: we have become associated with the essence of water, jalasaren.a san:gata_h smah).sm! ma?¶e/ vcR?sa s&j/ sm! à/jya/ sm! Aayu?;a ,
iv/*ur£ me? ASy de/va #NÔae? iv*at! s/h \i;?i-> . 1-023-241.023.24 Agni, confer upon me vigour, progeny and life, so that the gods may know the (sacrifice) of this my (employer), and Indra with the R.s.is, may know it.
r.s.i: s'unahs'epa a_ji_garti (kr.trima devara_ta vais'va_mitra); devata_: 1 ka (praja_pati), 2 agni, 3-4 savita_, 5 savita_ or bhaga, 6-15 varun.a; chanda: 1,2,6-15 tris.t.up, 3-5 ga_yatri_ Anuva_ka VI kSy? nU/n< k?t/mSya/m&ta?na/m! mna?mhe/ caé? de/vSy/ nam? ,
kae nae? m/ýa Aid?tye/ pun?r£ dat! ip/tr<? c å/zey?m! ma/tr<? c . 1-024-011.024.01 Of whom, or of which divinity of the immortals, shall we invoke the auspicious name? who will give us to the great Aditi that I may again behold my father and my mother. [Aditi =earth].A/¶er£ v/ym! à?w/mSya/m&ta?na/m! mna?mhe/ caé? de/vSy/ nam? ,
[Adit = earth. Ra_ma_yan.a, b.i, ch.61 presents S'unahs'epas, son of the R.s.is R.cika and is sold for a hundred cows by his father to Ambar.s.a, king of Ayodhya_, as a victim for a human sacrifice. He sees Vis'va_mitra, near the lake Pus.kara and learns a prayer when repeated at the stake induces Indra to come and set him free. Aitareya Bra_hman.a has the legend: the ra_ja_ is Haris'candra, who has no sons and worships Varun.a to obtain a son and promises to sacrifice to him his first-born. He gets a son, named Rohita; when Varun.a claims this son, the king delays the sacrifice using various pretexts, until Rohita attains adolescence. When Rohita is told of the ra_ja_'s commitment to Varun.a, Rohina refuses to submit himself and moves into the forests. In the forest, Rohita meets a r.s.i, A_ji_gartta who is in great distress. Rohita persuades the r.s.i to part with his second son, S'unahs'epas, to be substituted for Rohita as an offering to Varun.a. The deal is struck and S'unahs'epas is about to be sacrificed. On the advice of Vis'va_mitra, an officiating priest, S'unahs'epas appeals to the gods and is ultimately liberated. This hymn is uttered by S'unahs'epas when bound to the Yu_pa, or stake, as the purus.ah-pas'uh, the man-animal (or victim), as the Bha_gavata terms him: "Of whom" (kasya) may also be rendered; of Brahma_ or Praja_pati (also called ka): as ko ha vai na_ma praja_patih (Aitareya Bra_hman.a 3.21; 7.26)].
s nae? m/ýa Aid?tye/ pun?r£ dat! ip/tr<? c å/zey?m! ma/tr<? c . 1-024-021.024.02 Let us invoke the auspicious name of Agni, the first divinity of the immortals, that he may give us to the great Aditi, and that I may behold agin my father and my mother. [Aitareya Bra_hman.a: Praja_pati said to S'unahs'epas: 'Have recourse to Agni, who is the nearest of the gods'; upon this, he resorted to Agni. Tam praja_pati-ruva_ca_gnirvai deva_na_m nedis.t.hastam evopadha_veti: so Agnim upasasa_ra].A/i- Tva? dev sivt/r£ $za?n</ vayaR?[am! ,
sda?vn! -a/gm! $?mhe . 1-024-031.024.03 Ever-protecting Savita_, we solicit (our) portion of you, who are the lord of affluence. [In this and the following two hymns, an appeal is made to Savita_ (by the advice of Agni), not for liberation, but for riches].yz! ic/d£ ix t? #/Twa -g>? zzma/n> pu/ra in/d> ,
A/Öe/;ae hSt?yaer£ d/xe . 1-024-041.024.04 That wealth which has been retained in your hands, and is entitled to commendation, as exempt from envy or reproach.-g?-Sy te v/ym! %d£ A?zem/ tvav?sa ,
mU/xaRn<? ra/y Aa/r-e? . 1-024-051.024.05 We are assiduous in attaining the summit of affluence, through the protection of you, who are the possessor of wealth.n/ih te? ]/Ç< n shae/ n m/Nyu< vy?z! c/namI p/ty?Nt Aa/pu> ,
nema Aapae? Ainim/;< cr?NtI/r£ n ye vat?Sy àim/nNTy! A_v?m! . 1-024-061.024.06 These birds, that are flying (through the air), have not obtained, Varun.a, your bodily strength or your prowess, or (are able to endure your) wrath; neither do these waters that flow increasingly, nor (do the gales) of wind, surpass your speed. [Savita_ refers S'unahs'epas to Varun.a].A/bu/×e raja/ vé?[ae/ vn?Syae/Xv¡ StUp<? ddte pU/td?]> ,
nI/cIna? Swur£ %/pir? bu/× @?;am! A/Sme A/Ntr£ inih?ta> ke/tv>? Syu> . 1-024-071.024.07 The regal Varun.a, of pure vigour (abiding) in the baseless (firmament), sustains on high a heap of light, the rays (of which) are pointed downwards, while their base is above; may they become concentrated in us as the sources of existence. [abudhne = in the baseless; mu_la-rahite = antariks.e, in the sky; vanasya stu_pam = attribute: tejasah, radiance; san:gham = a heap; Varun.a is an A_ditya].%/é< ih raja/ vé?[z! c/kar/ sUyaR?y/ pNwa/m! ANve?t/va %? ,
A/pde/ pada/ àit?xatve =kr£ %/tap?v/a ù?dya/ivx?z! ict! . 1-024-081.024.08 The regal Varun.a verily made with the path of the sun, (by which) to travel on his daily course; a path to traverse in pathless (space); may he be the repeller of every afflicter of the heart. [cf. sun's course north and south of the equator].z/t< te? rajn! i-/;j>? s/hö?m! %/vI g?-I/ra su?m/it;! qe? AStu ,
bax?Sv Ë/re in\R?itm! pra/cE> k«/t< ic/d£ @n>/ à mu?muGXy! A/Smt! . 1-024-091.024.09 Yours, O king, are a hundred and a thousand medicaments; may your favour, comprehensive and profound, be (with us); keep afar from us Nirr.ti, with unfriendly looks, and liberate us from whatever sin we may have committed. [Nirr.ti = deity of sin, pa_pa-devata_].A/mI y \]a/ inih?tas %/½a n</ då?ïe/ kàh? ic/d£ idve?yu> ,
Ad?Bxain/ vé?[Sy ì/tain? iv/cak?zc! c/NÔma/ n?m! @it . 1-024-101.024.10 These constellations placed on high, which are visible by night, and go elsewhere by day, are the undisturbed holy acts of Varun.a (and by his command) the moon moves resplendent by night. [R.ks.a_h, constellations may be seven R.s.is, Ursa Major or constellations, in general. Constellations and the mo9on shine because of Varun.a's piety (varun.asya vrata_ni) since they shine by his command. A reference to asterisms: varun.asya karma_n.i naks.atra-dars'ana_diru_pa_n.i].tt! Tva? yaim/ äü?[a/ vNd?man/s! td£ Aa za?Ste/ yj?manae h/ivi-R>? ,
Ahe?¦manae vé[e/h bae/Xy! %é?z<s/ ma n/ Aayu>/ à mae?;I> . 1-024-111.024.11 Praising you with (devout) prayer, I implore you for that (life) which the institutor of the sacrifice solicits with oblations; Varun.a, undisdainful, bestow a thought upon us; much-lauded, take not away our existence. [The term, tada_yus is supplied in the context of ma_na a_yuh pramos.ih = do not take away our life].td£ #n! n</ td£ idva/ mý?m! Aa÷/s! td£ A/y< ketae? ù/d Aa iv c?òe ,
zun>/zepae/ ym! Aþ?d£ g&-I/t> sae A/Sman! raja/ vé?[ae mumaeà . 1-024-121.024.12 This (your praise) they repeat to me by night and by day; this knowledge speaks to my heart; may he whom the fettered S'unahs'epas has invoked, may the regal Varun.a set us free.zun>/zepae/ ý! Aþ?d£ g&-I/ts! iÇ/:v! Aaid/Ty< Ôé?p/de;u? b/Ï> ,
AvE?n</ raja/ vé?[> ss&Jyad£ iv/Öaç Ad?Bxae/ iv mu?maeà/ paza?n! . 1-024-131.024.13 S'unahs'epas, seized and bound to the three-footed tree, has invoked the son of Aditi; may the regal Varun.a, wise and irresistible, liberate him; may he let loose his bonds. [tris.u drupades.u: druh (a tree) is a reference to the tripod-like sacrificial post].Av? te/ he¦ae? vé[/ nmae?i-/r£ Av? y/}ei-?r£ $mhe h/ivi-R>? ,
]y?Ú! A/Sm_y?m! Asur àceta/ raj/Ú! @na<?is izïw> k«/tain? . 1-024-141.024.14 Varun.a, we deprecate your wrath with prostrations, with sacrifices, with oblations; averter of misfortune, wise and illustrious, be present amongst us, and mitigate the evils we have committed. [ asura = anis.t.a-ks.epan.a-s'ila, accustomed to cast off what is undesired; fr. seme, to throw].%d£ %?Ä/m< v?é[/ paz?m! A/Smd£ Ava?x/m< iv m?Xy/m< ï?way ,
Awa? v/ym! Aa?idTy ì/te tvana?gsae/ Aid?tye Syam . 1-024-151.024.15 Varun.a, loosen for me the upper, the middle, the lower band; so, son of Aditi, shall we, through faultlessness in the worship, become freed from sin.[Reference to the ligature fastening the head, the feet, and the waist; resulting in loosening from the bonds of sin: ana_gasah sya_ma, may we be sinless].
r.s.i: s'unahs'epa a_ji_garti (kr.trima devara_t vais'va_mitra); devata_:varun.a; chanda: ga_yatri_ yc! ic/d£ ix te/ ivzae? ywa/ à de?v vé[ ì/tm! ,
im/nI/mis/ *iv?-*iv . 1-025-011.025.01 Inasmuch as all people commit errors, so do we, divine Varun.a, daily disfigure your worship by imperfections.ma nae? v/xay? h/Æve? ijhI¦a/nSy? rIrx> ,
ma ù?[a/nSy? m/Nyve? . 1-025-021.025.02 Make us not the objects of death, through your fatal indignation, through the wrath of you so displeasured.iv m&?¦I/kay? te/ mnae? r/wIr£ Añ</ n s<id?tm! ,
gI/i-Rr£ v?é[ sImih . 1-025-031.025.03 We soothe your mind, Varun.a, by our praises, for our good, as a charioteer his weary steed.pra/ ih me/ ivm?Nyv>/ pt?iNt/ vSy=?#òye ,
vyae/ n v?s/tIr£ %p? . 1-025-041.025.04 My tranquil (meditations) revert to the desire of life, as birds hover around their nests. = vasya is.t.aye = vasumatah, precious (i.e. ji_vasya, life's).k/da ]?Ç/iïy</ nr/m! Aa vé?[< kramhe ,
m&/¦I/kayae?é/c]?sm! . 1-025-051.025.05 When for our happiness, shall we bring hither Varun.a, eminent in strength, the guide (of men), the regarder of many? [uru-caks.asam = bahuna_n dras.t.a_ram, the beholder of many].td£ #t! s?ma/nm! Aa?zate/ ven?Nta/ n à yu?CDt> ,
x&/tì?tay da/zu;e? . 1-025-061.025.06 Partake, (Mitra and Varun.a), of the common (oblation), being propitious to the giver and celebrator of this pious rite.veda/ yae vI/nam! p/dm! A/Ntir?]e[/ pt?tam! ,
ved? na/v> s?mu/iÔy>? . 1-025-071.025.07 He, who knows the path of the birds flying through the air; he, abiding in the ocean, knows (also) the course of ships.ved? ma/sae x&/tì?tae/ Öad?z à/jav?t> ,
veda/ y %?p/jay?te . 1-025-081.025.08 He, who accepting the rites (dedicated to him) knows the twelve months and their productions and that which is supplementarily engendered. [An allusion to the thirteenth, the supplementary or intercalary month of the Hindu unisolar year and to the transition to the lunar year from the solar year; 'that thirteenth or additional month which is produced of itself, in connection with the year', yah trayodas'o adhikama_sa upaja_yate sam.vatsarasami_pe svayam evotpadyate].ved/ vat?Sy vtR/inm! %/raer£ \/:vSy? b&h/t> ,
veda/ ye A/Xyas?te . 1-025-091.025.09 He, who knows the path of the vast, the graceful, and the excellent wind, and who knows those who reside above.in ;?sad x&/tì?tae/ vé?[> p/STyaSv! Aa ,
saèa?Jyay su/³tu>? . 1-025-101.025.10 He, Varun.a, the acceptor of holy rites, the doer of good deeds, has sat down amongs the (divine) progeny, to exercise supreme dominion (over them). [a_nis.asa_da pastya_su: divine progeny, daivis'u praja_su].Atae/ ivña/Ny! AÑé?ta icik/Tvaç A/i- p?Zyit ,
k«/tain/ ya c/ kTvaR? . 1-025-111.025.11 Through him, the sage beholds all the marvels that hav ebeen or will be wrought.s nae? iv/ñaha? su/³tu?r£ Aaid/Ty> su/pwa? krt! ,
à [/ AayU<?i; tair;t! . 1-025-121.025.12 May that very wise son of Aditi, keep us all our days in the right path, and prolong our lives.ibæ?d£ Ôa/ip< ih?r/{yy</ vé?[ae vSt in/i[Rj?m! ,
pir/ Spzae/ in ;e?idre . 1-025-131.025.13 Varun.a clothes his well-nourished (person), wearing golden armour, whence the (reflected) rays are spread around. [bibhad dra_pim hiran.yayam = suvarn.amayam kavacam, armour or mail made of gold; an apparent allusion to Varun.a as an image].n y< idPs?iNt id/Psvae/ n Ôéþa?[ae/ jna?nam! ,
n de/vm! A/i-ma?ty> . 1-025-141.025.14 A divine (being), whom enemies dare not to offend; nor the oppressors of mankind, nor the iniquitous, (venture to displease).%/t yae manu?;e/:v! Aa yz?z! c/³e Asa/My! Aa ,
A/Smak?m! %/dre/:v! Aa . 1-025-151.025.15 Who has distributed unlimited food to mankind, and especially to us.pra? me yiNt xI/tyae/ gavae/ n gVyU?tI/r£ Anu? ,
#/CDNtI?r£ %é/c]?sm! . 1-025-161.025.16 My thoughts ever turn back to him who is beheld of many, as the kine return to the pastures.s< nu vae?cavhE/ pun/r£ ytae? me/ mXv! Aa-&?tm! ,
haete?v/ ]d?se ià/ym! . 1-025-171.025.17 Let us together proclaim that my offering has been prepared, and that you, as if the offerer, accept the valued (oblation).dz¡/ nu iv/ñd?zRt</ dz¡/ rw/m! Aix/ ]im? ,
@/ta ju?;t me/ igr>? . 1-025-181.025.18 I have seen him whose appearance is grateful to all; I have beheld his chariot upon earth; he has accepted these my praises.[An allusion to Varun.a as an image].#/mm! me? vé[ ïuxI/ hv?m! A/*a c? m&¦y ,
Tvam! A?v/Syur£ Aa c?ke . 1-025-191.025.19 Hear, Varun.a, this my invocation; make us this day happy; I have appealed to you, hoping for protection.Tv< ivñ?Sy meixr id/vz! c/ Gmz! c? rajis ,
s yam?in/ àit? ïuix . 1-025-201.025.20 You, who are possessed of wisdom, shine over heaven and earth, and all the world; do you hear and reply (to my prayers), with (promise of ) prosperity.%d£ %?Ä/mm! mu?muiGx nae/ iv paz?m! mXy/m< c&?t ,
Ava?x/main? jI/vse? . 1-025-211.025.21 Loose us from the upper bonds, untie the centre and the lower, that we may live. [ji_vase= to live, that we may live].
r.s.i: s'unahs'epa a_ji_garti (kr.trima devara_t vais'va_mitra); devata_ : agni; chanda: ga_yatri_ vis?:va/ ih im?yeXy/ vôa?{y! ^jaRm! pte ,
sem< nae? AXv/r< y?j . 1-026-011.026.01 Lord of sustenance, assume your vestments (of light) and offer this our sacrifice. [vastra_n.i_ = a_chha_daka_ni teja_m.si, i.e. investing radiance].in nae/ haeta/ vre?{y>/ sda? yivó/ mNm?i-> ,
A¶e? id/ivTm?ta/ vc>? . 1-026-021.026.02 (Propitiated) by brilliant strains, do your, ever-youthful Agni, selected by us, become our ministrant priest, (invested) with radiance.Aa ih :ma? sU/nve? ip/taipr£ yj?Ty! Aa/pye? ,
soa/ sOye/ vre?{y> . 1-026-031.026.03 You , Agni, are verily as a loving father to a son, as a kinsman to a kinsman, as a friend to a friend.Aa nae? b/hI ir/zad?sae/ vé?[ae im/Çae A?yR/ma ,
sId?Ntu/ mnu?;ae ywa . 1-026-041.026.04 Let Varun.a, Mitra and A_ryaman, sit down upon our sacred grass, as they did at the sacrifice of Manu. [A_ryaman is an A_ditya presiding over twilight; manus.ah = Manu, the Praja_pati].pUVyR? haetr£ A/Sy nae/ mNd?Sv s/OySy? c ,
#/ma %/ ;u ïu?xI/ igr>? . 1-026-051.026.05 Preceding sacrificer, be pleased with this our sacrifice and with our friendship, and listen to these your praises. [pu_rvya hota_ = hota_ born before us].yc! ic/d£ ix zñ?ta/ tna? de/v<-de?v</ yja?mhe ,
Tve #d£ xU?yte h/iv> . 1-026-061.026.06 Whatever we offer in repeated and plentiful oblation to any other deity, is assuredly offered to you.ià/yae nae? AStu iv/Zpit/r£ haeta? m/NÔae vre?{y> ,
ià/ya> Sv/¶yae? v/ym! . 1-026-071.026.07 May the lord of men, the sacrificing priest, the gracious, the chosen, be kind to us; may we, possessed of holy fires, be loved of you.Sv/¶yae/ ih vay¡? de/vasae? dix/re c? n> ,
Sv/¶yae? mnamhe . 1-026-081.026.08 As the brilliant (priests), possessed of holy fires, have taken charge of our oblations, so we, with holy fires, pray to you.Awa? n %/-ye?;a/m! Am&?t/ mTyaR?nam! ,
im/w> s?Ntu/ àz?Sty> . 1-026-091.026.09 Immortal Agni, may the praises of mankind be henceforth mutually (the sources of happiness) to both, (to ourselves and to you).ivñe?i-r£ A¶e A/i¶i-?r£ #/m< y/}m! #/d< vc>? ,
cnae? xa> shsae yhae . 1-026-101.026.10 Agni, son of strength, (accept) this sacrifice, and this our praise, with all your fires, and grant us (abundant) food. [sahaso yaho = balasya putra, son of strength].
r.s.i: s'unahs'epa a_ji_garti (kr.trima devara_t vais'va_mitra); devata_: 1-12 agni, 13 devata_gan.a; chanda: 1-12: ga_yatri_; 13 tris.t.up Añ</ n Tva/ var?vNt< v/NdXya? A/i¶< nmae?i-> ,
s/èaj?Ntm! AXv/ra[a?m! . 1-027-011.027.01 (I proceed) to address you, the soverign lord of sacrifice, with praises, (for you scatter our fores) like a horse (who brushes off flies with) his tail.s "a? n> sU/nu> zv?sa p&/wuà?gama su/zev>? ,
mI/F£vaç A/Smak?m! b-Uyat! . 1-027-021.027.02 May he, the son of strength, who moves everywhere fleetly, be propitious to us, and shower down (blessings).s nae? Ë/rac! ca/sac! c/ in mTyaR?d£ A"a/yae> ,
pa/ih sd/m! #d£ iv/ñayu>? . 1-027-031.027.03 Do you, Agni, who go everywhere, ever protect us, whether near or afar, from men seeking to do us injury.#/mm! ^/ ;u Tvm! A/Smak<? s/in< ga?y/Ç< nVya<?sm! ,
A¶e? de/ve;u/ à vae?c> . 1-027-041.027.04 Agni, announce to the gods this our offering, and these our newest hymns. [navya_m.sam ga_yatram = most new ga_yatri_ verses].Aa nae? -j pr/me:v! Aa vaje?;u mXy/me;u? ,
iz]a/ vSvae/ ANt?mSy . 1-027-051.027.05 Procure for us the food that is in heaven and mid-air, and grant us the wealth that is on earth. [the text uses the expressions: in the supreme, in the middle and of the end].iv/-/ais? icÇ-anae/ isNxae?r£ ^/maR %?pa/k Aa ,
s/*ae da/zu;e? ]ris . 1-027-061.027.06 You, Citrabha_nu, are the distributor of riches, as the waves of a river are parted by interjacent (islets); you ever pour (rewards) upon the giver (of oblations). [Agni, he who has wonderful or varieties of lustre].ym! A?¶e p&/Tsu mTyR/m! Ava/ vaje?;u/ y< ju/na> ,
s yNta/ zñ?tI/r£ #;>? . 1-027-071.027.07 The mortal whom you, Agni, protect in battle, whom you incite to combat, will always command (food).nik?r£ ASy shNTy pyêR/ta ky?Sy ict! ,
vajae? AiSt ï/vaYy>? . 1-027-081.027.08 No one will ever be the vanquisher of this your worshipper, subduer of enemies, for notorious in his prowess.s vaj<? iv/ñc?;Ri[/r£ AvR?iÑr£ AStu/ té?ta ,
ivàe?i-r£ AStu/ sin?ta . 1-027-091.027.09 May he who is worshipped by all men, convey us with horses through the battle; may he, (propitiated) by the priests, be the bestower (of bounties).jra?baex/ td£ iv?ivf£iF iv/ze-iv?ze y/i}ya?y ,
Staem<? é/Ôay/ åzI?km! . 1-027-101.027.10 Jara_bodha, enter into the oblation for the completion of the sacrifice that benefits all mankind; the worshipper offers agreeable laudation to the terrible (Agni). [jara_bodha = he who is awakened (bodha) by praise (jara_); rudra is equated with the fierce or cruel Agni: krura_ya Agnaye].s nae? m/haç A?inma/nae xU/mke?tu> puéí/NÔ> ,
ix/ye vaja?y ihNvtu . 1-027-111.027.11 May the vast, illimitable, smoke- bannered, resplendent Agni be pleased with our rite, and grant us food.s re/vaç #?v iv/Zpit/r£ dEVy>? ke/tu> z&?[aetu n> ,
%/KwEr£ A/i¶r£ b&/hÑa?nu> . 1-027-121.027.12 May Agni, the lord of men, the invoker and messenger of the gods, the brilliant-rayed, hear us with our hymns, as a prince (listens to the bards). [the text has reva_n iva = as a rich man].nmae? m/hÑ(ae/ nmae? A-R/ke_yae/ nmae/ yuv?_yae/ nm? Aaiz/ne_y>? ,
yja?m de/van! yid? z/²va?m/ ma Jyay?s>/ z<s/m! Aa v&?i] deva> . 1-027-131.027.13 Veneration to the great gods, veneration to the lesser, veneration to the young, veneration to the old we worship (all) the gods as well as we are able; may I not omit the praise of the elder divinities. [S'unahs'epas, is said to worship the Vis'vedeva_ on the advice of Agni].
r.s.i: s'unahs'epa a_ji_garti (kr.trima devara_t vais'va_mitra); devata_ 1-4 indra; 5-6 ulu_khala, 7-8 ulu_khala-musala, 9 praja_pati, haris'candra, adhis.avan.acarma or soma; chanda: 1-6 anus.t.up, 7-9 ga_yatri_ yÇ/ ¢ava? p&/wubu?× ^/XvaêR -v?it/ saet?ve ,
%/lUo?lsutana/m! Aved£ v! #?NÔ jLgul> . 1-028-011.028.01 Indra, as the broad-based stone is raised to express the Soma juice, recognize and partake of the effusion of the mortar. [stone = stone pestle used to bruise soma; adhis.avan.ya = two shallow plates or pa_tra to receive soma].yÇ/ Öav! #?v j/"na?ix;v/{ya k«/ta ,
%/lUo?lsutana/m! Aved£ v! #?NÔ jLgul> . 1-028-021.028.02 Indra, (in the rite) in which the two patters for containing the juice, as (broad as a woman's) hips, are employed, recognize and partake of the effusion of the mortar.yÇ/ nay!r£ A?pCy/vm! %?pCy/v< c/ iz]?te ,
%/lUo?lsutana/m! Aved£ v! #?NÔ jLgul> . 1-028-031.028.03 Indra, (in the rite) in which the housewife repeats egress from and ingress into (the sacrificial chamber), recognize and partake of the effusion of the mortar. [apayacava and upacayava = going in and out of the hall (s'a_la_)].yÇ/ mNwa<? ivb/×te? r/ZmIn! yim?t/va #?v ,
%/lUo?lsutana/m! Aved£ v! #?NÔ jLgul> . 1-028-041.028.04 When they bind the churning-staff (with a cord), like reins to restrain (a horse), Indra, recognize and partake of the effusion of the mortar.yc! ic/d£ ix Tv< g&/he-g&?h/ %lU?olk yu/Jyse? ,
#/h *u/mÄ?m< vd/ jy?tam! #v ÊNÊ/i-> . 1-028-051.028.05 If indeed, O Mortar, you are present in every house, give forth (in this rite) a lusty sound, like the drum of a victorious host. [It is the divinities presiding over the mortar and pestle, not the implement themselves, are addressed].%/t Sm? te vnSpte/ vatae/ iv va/Ty! A¢/m! #t! ,
Awae/ #NÔa?y/ pat?ve su/nu saem?m! %lUol . 1-028-061.028.06 Lorf of the forest, as the wind gently blows before you, so do thou, O Mortar, prepare the Soma juice for the beverage of Indra. [vanaspati = a large tree; metonymy for the mortar].Aa/y/jI va?j/sat?ma/ ta ý! %½a iv?j-!r£#R/t> ,
hrI? #/vaNxa<?is/ bPs?ta . 1-028-071.028.07 Implements of sacrifice, bestowers of food, loud-sounding, sport like the horses of Indra champing the grain.ta nae? A/* v?nSptI \/:vav! \/:vei->? sae/t&i->? ,
#NÔa?y/ mxu?mt! sutm! . 1-028-081.028.08 Do you two forest lords, of pleasing form, prepare with agreeable libations our sweet (Soma) juices for Indra. [metonymy for the mortar and pestle].%c! iD/ò< c/Mvaer£ -r/ saem?m! p/ivÇ/ Aa s&?j ,
in xe?ih/ gaer£ Aix? Tv/ic . 1-028-091.028.09 Bring the remains of the Soma juice upon the platters, sprinkle it upon the blades of kus'a grass and place the reminder upon the cow-hide. [The hymn is to Haris'candra, a ministering priest or a divinity so named. The remains contained in pa_tra or platters are to be placed upon a cart (s'akat.asya upari) and having brought it away, cast it upon the pavitra (two or three blades of kus'a grass serving as a kind of filter). Or, through a strainer made of goat's hair (tvaci)].
r.s.i: s'unahs'epa a_ji_garti (kr.trima devara_ta vais'va_mitra); devata_: indra; chanda: pan:kti yc! ic/d£ ix s?Ty saempa Anaz/Sta #?v/ Smis? ,
Aa tU n? #NÔ z<sy/ gae:v! Añe?;u zu/iæ;u? s/höe?;u tuvIm" . 1-029-011.029.01 Veracious drinker of the Soma juice, although we be unworthy, do your, Indra, of boundless wealth enrich us with thousands of excellent cows and horses.izià?n! vajanam! pte/ zcI?v/s! tv? d</sna? ,
Aa tU n? #NÔ z<sy/ gae:v! Añe?;u zu/iæ;u? s/höe?;u tuvIm" . 1-029-021.029.02 Your benevolence, handsome and mighty lord of food, endures for ever; therefore, Indra, of boundless wealth, enrich us with thousands of excellent cows and horses. [s'iprin = lit. having either a nose or a lower jaw or chin, i.e. having a handsome, prominent nose or chin].in :va?pya imwU/åza? s/Stam! Abu?Xymane ,
Aa tU n? #NÔ z<sy/ gae:v! Añe?;u zu/iæ;u? s/höe?;u tuvIm" . 1-029-031.029.03 Cast asleep (the two female messengers of Yama); looking at each other, let them sleep, never waking; Indra, of boundless wealth, enrich us with thousands of excellent cows and horses. [lit. 'Put to sleep the two reciprocally looking; let them sleep, not being awakened'. two epithets are to yamadutyau, two female messengers of Yama; mithudr.s'a_ = mithunataya_ yugala ru_pen.a pas'yatah, looking after the manner of twins, at each other].s/sNtu/ Tya Ara?tyae/ baex?Ntu zUr ra/ty>? ,
Aa tU n? #NÔ z<sy/ gae:v! Añe?;u zu/iæ;u? s/höe?;u tuvIm" . 1-029-041.029.04 May those who are our enemies, slumber, and those, O hero, who are our friends, be awake; Indra, of boundless wealth, enrich us with thousands of excellent cows and horses.sm! #?NÔ gdR/-m! m&?[ nu/vNt?m! pa/pya?mu/ya ,
Aa tU n? #NÔ z<sy/ gae:v! Añe?;u zu/iæ;u? s/höe?;u tuvIm" . 1-029-051.029.05 Indra, destroy this ass, (our adversary), praising you with such discordant speech; and do your, Indra, of boundless wealth, enrich us with thousands of excellent cows and horses. [nuvantam-pa_paya_muya_, praising with this speech that is of the nature of abuse (nindaru_paya_ va_ca_); hence, he is called an ass braying harsh sounds: yatha_ gardabhah s'rotum as'akyam parus.am s'abdam karoti].pta?it kà{f&/[aCya? Ë/r< vatae/ vna/d£ Aix? ,
Aa tU n? #NÔ z<sy/ gae:v! Añe?;u zu/iæ;u? s/höe?;u tuvIm" . 1-029-061.029.06 Let us (adverse) breeze, with crooked course, alight afar off on the forest; Indra, of boundless wealth, enrich us with thousands of excellent cows and horses.svR?m! pir³ae/z< j?ih j/M-ya? k«kda/ñm! ,
Aa tU n? #NÔ z<sy/ gae:v! Añe?;u zu/iæ;u? s/höe?;u tuvIm" . 1-029-071.029.07 Destroy every one that reviles us; slay every one that does us injury; Indra, of boundless wealth, enrich us with thousands of excellent cows and horses.
r.s.i: s'unahs'epa a_ji_garti (kr.trima devara_ta vais'va_mitra); devata_: 1-16 indra, 16-19 as'vini_kuma_ra, 20-22 us.a_; chanda: 1-10, 12-15 and 17-22 ga_yatri_, 11 pa_danicr.t ga_yatri_, 16 tris.t.up Aa v/ #NÔ</ i³iv<? ywa vaj/yNt>? z/t³?tum! ,
m<ih?ó< isÂ/ #NÊ?i-> . 1-030-011.030.01 Let us, who are desirous of food, satisfy this your Indra, who is mighty, and of a hundred sacrifices, with drops (of Soma juice), as a well (is filled)(with water).z/t< va/ y> zucI?na< s/hö<? va/ sma?izram! ,
@d£ %? in/ç< n rI?yte . 1-030-021.030.02 May he who is (the recipient) of a hundred pure, and of a thousand distilled, (libations), come (to the rite), as water to low (places).s< yn! mda?y zu/i:m[? @/na ý! ASyae/dre? ,
s/mu/Ôae n Vycae? d/xe . 1-030-031.030.03 All which (libations), being accumulated for the gratification of the powerful Indra, is contained in his belly, as water in the ocean.A/ym! %? te/ sm! A?tis k/paet? #v g-R/ixm! ,
vc/s! tc! ic?n! n Aaehse . 1-030-041.030.04 This libation is (prepared) for you; you approach it as a pigeon his pregnant (mate), for on that account do you accept our prayer.Stae/Ç< ra?xanam! pte/ igvaR?hae vIr/ ySy? te ,
iv-U?itr£ AStu sU/n&ta? . 1-030-051.030.05 Hero, Indra, lord of affluence, accepter of praise, may genuine prosperity be (the reward of him) who offers you laudation.^/XvRs! it?óa n ^/tye? =/iSmn! vaje? zt³tae ,
sm! A/Nye;u? ävavhE . 1-030-061.030.06 Rise up, S'atakratu, for our defence in this conflict; we will talk together in other matters.yaege?-yaege t/vSt?r</ vaje?-vaje hvamhe ,
soa?y/ #NÔ?m! ^/tye? . 1-030-071.030.07 On every occasion, in every engagement, we invoke as friends the most powerful Indra for our defence.Aa "a? gm/d£ yid/ ïv?t! sh/iö[I?i-r£ ^/iti->? ,
vaje?i-/r£ %p? nae/ hv?m! . 1-030-081.030.08 If he hear our invocation, let him indeed come to us with numerous bounties, and with (abundant) food.Anu? à/ÆSyaEk?sae ÷/ve tu?ivà/it< nr?m! ,
y< te/ pUvR?m! ip/ta ÷/ve . 1-030-091.030.09 I invoke the man (Indra), who visits many worshippers from his ancient dwelling-place--you, Indra, whom my father formerly invoked.t< Tva? v/y< iv?ñva/ra za?Smhe puéøt ,
soe? vsae jir/t&_y>? . 1-030-101.030.10 We implore you as our friend, who are preferred and invoked by all, (to be favourable) to your worshippers, protector of dwellings.A/Smak<? iz/ià[I?na</ saem?pa> saem/paëa?m! ,
soe? vi¿/n! soI?nam! . 1-030-111.030.11 Drinker of Soma juice, wielder of the thunderbolt, O friend, (bestow upon) us, your friends, and drinkers of the Soma juice, (abundance of cows) with projecting jaws. (s'ipirn.i_na_m, gen. pl. of the feminine s'iprin.i_, having a nose of a jaw; hence gava_m and samu_ha (of cows and a herd) are added].twa/ td£ A?Stu saempa>/ soe? vi¿/n! twa? k«[u ,
ywa? t %/ZmsI/òye? . 1-030-121.030.12 So be it, drinker of the Soma juice, wielder of the thunderbolt, our friend, that you will do, through your favour, whatever we desire.re/vtI?r£ n> sx/mad/ #NÔe? sNtu tu/ivva?ja> ,
]u/mNtae/ yai-/r£ mde?m . 1-030-131.030.13 So, Indra, rejoicing along with us, we may have (abundant food) and cows may be ours, robust and rich in milk, with which we may be happy.Aa "/ Tvava/n! Tmna/Ý Stae/t&_yae? x&:[v! #ya/n> ,
\/[aer£ A]</ n c/³(ae> . 1-030-141.030.14 O Dhr.s.nu, let some such divinity as you are, self-presented, promptly bestow, when solicited, (bounties) upon your praisers, as (they whirl) the axle of the wheels (of a car). [dhr.s.n.u = resolute, firm, high-spirited (Indra); aks.am na cakrayoh = of the two wheels of a car; praks.ipanti (= turn over) is assumed].Aa yd£ Êv>? zt³t/v! Aa kam<? jirt¨/[am! ,
\/[aer£ A]</ n zcI?i-> . 1-030-151.030.15 Such wealth, S'atakratu, as your praisers desire, you bestow upon them, as the axle (revolves) with the movements (of the wagon). [aks.am na s'aci_bhih, it is like the axle by the acts (movements of the wagon)].zñ/d£ #NÔ>/ paeàu?wiÑr£ ijgay/ nan?diÑ>/ zañ?siÑ/r£ xna?in ,
s nae? ihr{yr/w< d</sna?va/n! s n>? sin/ta s/nye/ s nae? =dat! . 1-030-161.030.16 Indra has ever won riches (from his foes), with his champing, neighing, and snorting (steeds); he, the abounding in acts, the bountiful, has given us as a gift a golden chariot.Aaiñ?na/v! Aña?vTye/;a ya?t</ zvI?rya ,
gaem?d£ döa/ ihr?{yvt! . 1-030-171.030.17 As'vins, come hither, with viands borne or many steeds. Dasra_s, (let our dwelling) be filled with cattle and with gold.s/ma/nyae?jnae/ ih va</ rwae? döa/v! Am?TyR> ,
s/mu/Ôe A?iñ/ney?te . 1-030-181.030.18 Dasra_s, your chariot, harnessed for both alike, is imperishable; it travels, As'vins, through the air.Ny! A¸NySy? mU/xRin? c/³< rw?Sy yemwu> ,
pir/ *am! A/Nyd£ $?yte . 1-030-191.030.19 You have one wheel on the top of the solid (mountain), while the other revolves in the sky.ks! t? %;> kxiàye -u/je mtaêR? AmTyêR ,
k< n?]se iv-avir . 1-030-201.030.20 Us.as, who are pleased by praise, what mortal enjoy you, immortal? Whom, mighty one, do your affect? [us.as = dawn, dyudevata_ya_h duhitr., daughter of the personified heaven].v/y< ih te/ Am?Nm/ý! AaNta/d£ Aa p?ra/kat! ,
Añe/ n ic?Çe Aéi; . 1-030-211.030.21 Diffusive, many-tinted, brilliant (Us.as), we know not (your limits), whether they be nigh or remote.Tv< Tyei-/r£ Aa g?ih/ vaje?i-r£ Êihtr£ idv> ,
A/Sme r/iy< in xa?ry . 1-030-221.030.22 Daughter of heaven, approach with these viands, and perpetuate our wealth.
r.s.i: hiran.yastu_pa a_n:girasa; devata_: agni; chanda: jagati_ 8, 16, 18 tris.t.up Anuva_ka VII Tvm! A?¶e àw/mae Ai¼?ra/ \i;?r£ de/vae de/vana?m! A-v> iz/v> soa? ,
tv? ì/te k/vyae? ivÒ/nap/sae =?jayNt m/étae/ æaj?åòy> . 1-031-011.031.01 You, Agni, was th first An:giras R.s.i, a divinity, you were the auspicious friend of the deities. In your rite the wise, the all-discerning, the bright-weaponed Maruts were engendered. [He was the first, as the progenitor of all the An:girasas which are the coals or cinders of the sacrificial fire].Tvm! A?¶e àw/mae Ai¼?rStm> k/ivr£ de/vana/m! pir? -U;is ì/tm! ,
iv/-ur£ ivñ?SmE/ -uv?nay/ meix?rae iÖma/ta z/yu> k?it/xa ic?d£ Aa/yve? . 1-031-021.031.02 You, Agni, the first and chief An:giras, grace the worship of the gods; sapient, maniforld, for the benefit of all the world, intelligent, the off-spring of two mothers, and reposing in various ways for the use of man. [vibhu = of many kinds, alluding to many fires of the sacrifice; dvima_ta = either of two mothers, i.e. the two sticks or the maker of two, i.e., heaven and earth].Tvm! A?¶e àw/mae ma?t/irñ?n Aa/ivr£ -?v su³tU/ya iv/vSv?te ,
Are?jeta</ raed?sI haet&/vUyêR =?s¹aer£ -a/rm! Ay?jae m/hae v?sae . 1-031-031.031.03 Agni, pre-eminent over the wind, become manifest to the worshipper, in approbation of his worship. Heaven and earth tremble (at your power); you have sustained the burden in the rite for which the priest was appointed; your, Vasu, has worshipped the venerable (gods). [prathamo ma_taris'vane, first in, or on the wind; alluding to the text, agnirva_yura_dityah: fire, air, sun in which Agni precedes Va_yu].Tvm! A?¶e/ mn?ve/ *am! A?vazy> puê/rv?se su/k«te? su/k«Ä?r> ,
ña/Çe[/ yt! ip/Çaer£ muCy?se/ py!r£ Aa Tva/ pUvR?m! Any/Ú! Aap?r/m! pun>? . 1-031-041.031.04 Your, Agni, has announced heaven to Manu; you have more than requited Puru_ravas doing homage to you. When you are set free by the attrition of your parents, they bear you first to the east, then to the west (of the altar). [Allusion to the agency of Puru_ravas, the son of Budha or Soma to generate fire by attrition and to emply in three sacrificial fires: sukr.te sukr.ttarah, doing more good to him who did good; the fires is first used to kindle the a_havani_ya fire and then the ga_rhapatya].Tvm! A?¶e v&;/-> pu?iò/vxR?n/ %*?töuce -vis ï/vaYy>? ,
y Aa÷?it/m! pir/ veda/ v;?q£k«it/m! @ka?yu/r£ A¢e/ ivz? Aa/ivva?sis . 1-031-051.031.05 Your, Agni, are the showerer (of desires), the augmenter of the prosperity (of your worshipper); you are to be called upon as the ladle is lifted up; upon him who fully understands the invocation and makes the oblation, you, the provider of sustenance, first bestow light, and then upon all men. [Who fully understands the invocation: he who knows the a_huti, with the vas.at kr.ti or uttering the word vas.at at the moment of pouring the butter on the fire].Tvm! A?¶e v&ij/nv?tRin</ nr</ sKm?n! ippi;R iv/dwe? ivc;R[e ,
y> zUr?sata/ pir?tKMye/ xne? d/æei-?z! ic/t! sm&?ta/ h<is/ -Uy?s> . 1-031-061.031.06 Agni, excellently wise, you direct the man who follows improper paths, to acts that are fitted to reclaim him; you who, in the strife of heroes, (grateful to them) as widely- scattered wealth, destryed in the combat the mighty by the feeble.Tv< tm! A?¶e Am&t/Tv %?Ä/me mt¡? dxais/ ïv?se id/ve-id?ve ,
ys! ta?t&;a/[ %/-ya?y/ jNm?ne/ my>? k«/[aei;/ ày/ Aa c? sU/rye? . 1-031-071.031.07 You sustain, Agni, that mortal (who worships you), in the best immortality by daily food; you bestow on the sage, who is desirous (of creatures) of both kinds of birth, happiness and sustenance. [both kinds of birth: dvipada_m catus.pada_m la_bha_ya, to acquire bipeds and quadrupeds].Tv< nae? A¶e s/nye/ xna?na< y/zs<? ka/é< k«?[uih/ Stva?n> ,
\/Xyam/ kmaR/psa/ nve?n de/vEr£ *a?vap&iwvI/ àav?t< n> . 1-031-081.031.08 Agni, who are praised by us for the sake of wealth, render illustrious the performer of the rite; may we improve the act by a new offspring (given by you). Preserve us, heaven and earth, along with the gods.Tv< nae? A¶e ip/Çaer£ %/pSw/ Aa de/vae de/ve:v! A?nv*/ jag&?iv> ,
t/nU/k«d£ bae?ix/ àm?itz! c ka/rve/ Tv< k?Lya[/ vsu/ ivñ/m! Aaeip?;e . 1-031-091.031.09 Irreproachable Agni, a vigilant god amongst the gods, (abiding) in the proximity of (your) parents, and bestowing upon us embodied (progeny), aweke us. Be well disposed to the offerer of the oblation; for you, auspicious Agni, grant all riches.Tvm! A?¶e/ àm?it/s! Tvm! ip/tais? n/s! Tv< v?y/Sk«t! tv? ja/myae? v/ym! ,
s< Tva/ ray>? z/itn>/ s< s?h/iö[>? su/vIr<? yiNt ìt/pam! A?da_y . 1-031-101.031.10 You, Agni, are well disposed to us, you are our protector, you are the giver of life to us; we are your kinsmen. Uninjurable Agni, hundreds and thousands of treasures belong to you, who are the defender of pious acts and attended by good men.Tvam! A?¶e àw/mm! Aa/yum! Aa/yve? de/va A?k«{v/n! n÷?;Sy iv/Zpit?m! ,
#¦a?m! Ak«{v/n! mnu?;Sy/ zas?nIm! ip/tur£ yt! pu/Çae mm?kSy/ jay?te . 1-031-111.031.11 The gods formerly made you, Agni, the living general of the mortal Nahus.a; they made Il.a_, the instructress of Manu, when the son of my father was born. [Nahus.a was the son of A_yus, son of Puru_ravas, who was elevated to heaven as an Indra. Il.a_ institues the first rules of performing sacrifices, hence she is S'a_sani_ = dharmopades'akartri_, the giver of instruction in duty].Tv< nae? A¶e/ tv? dev pa/yui-?r£ m/"aenae? r] t/Nvz! c vN* ,
Ça/ta tae/kSy/ tn?ye/ gva?m! A/Sy! Ain?me;</ r]?ma[/s! tv? ì/te . 1-031-121.031.12 Agni, who are worthy to be praised, preserve us who are opulent with your bounties, and also the persons (of our sons); you are the defender of cattle for the son of my son, who is ever assiduous in your worship.Tvm! A?¶e/ yJy?ve pa/yur£ ANt?rae =in;/¼ay? ctur/] #?Xyse ,
yae ra/th?Vyae =v&/kay/ xay?se kI/rez! ic/n! mÙ/m! mn?sa v/naei;/ tm! . 1-031-131.031.13 Your, four-eyed Agni, blaze as the protector of the worshipper, who are at hand for the (security of the) uninterrupted (rite); you cherish in your mind the prayer of your adorer, who offers the oblation to you, the harmless, the benevolent. [four-eyed Agni: illuminating the four cardinal points].Tvm! A?¶ %é/z<sa?y va/"te? Spa/h¡ yd£ reK[>? pr/m< v/naei;/ tt! ,
Aa/ØSy? ic/t! àm?itr£ %Cyse ip/ta à pak</ zaiSs/ à idzae? iv/Êò?r> . 1-031-141.031.14 You, Agni, desire (that the worshipper may acquire) that excellent wealth which is reqquisite for the many-commended priest; you are called the well-intentioned protector. You, who are all-wise, instructed the disciple, and (define) the points of the horizon.Tvm! A?¶e/ ày?tdi][</ nr</ vmêR?v SyU/tm! pir? pais iv/ñt>? ,
Sva/Ê/]Òa/ yae v?s/taE Syae?n/k«j! jI?vya/j< yj?te/ saep/ma id/v> . 1-031-151.031.15 Agni, you dend the man who gives presents (to the priests) on every side, like well-stitched armour. The man who keeps choice viands in his dwelling, and with them entertains (his guests), performs the sacrifice of life, and is the likeness of heaven. [varma syu_tam = sewn armour, formed with needles without leaving a fissure; ji_vam-ya_jam yajate, sacrifices a life-sacrifice: ji_vayajanasahitam yajn~am, a sacrifice with sacrifice of life; ji_vanis'pa_dyam, that by which life is to be supported; ji_vaya_jam = ji_vah, living, priests, who ijyante daks.ina_bhih, are worshipped by gifts].#/mam! A?¶e z/ri[?m! mIm&;ae n #/mm! AXva?n</ ym! Aga?m Ë/rat! ,
Aa/ip> ip/ta àm?it> sae/Myana/m! -&im?r£ ASy! \i;/k«n! mTyaR?nam! . 1-031-161.031.16 Agni, forgive us this our negligence, this path in which we have gone astray; you are to be sought as the protector and encourager of those who offer suitable libations; you are the fulfiller (of the end of rites), you make yourself visible to mortals. [Rs.iskr.t, becoming present through desire for the offered oblation: hence, visible to].m/nu/:vd£ A?¶e Ai¼r/Svd£ A?i¼rae yyait/vt! sd?ne pUvR/vc! Du?ce ,
ACD? ya/ý! Aa v?ha/ dEVy</ jn/m! Aa sa?dy b/ihRi;/ yi]? c ià/ym! . 1-031-171.031.17 Pure Agni, who goes about (to receive oblations), go in your presence to the halll of sacrifice, as did Manu, and An:giras, and Yaya_ti, and others of old; bring hither the divine personages, seat them on the sacred grass, and offer them grateful (sacrifice).@/tena?¶e/ äü?[a vav&xSv/ zI? va/ yt! te? ck«/ma iv/da va? ,
%/t à [e?:y! A/i- vSyae? A/Sman! s< n>? s&j sum/Tya vaj?vTya . 1-031-181.031.18. Agni, do your thrive through this our prayer, which we make according to our ability, according to our knowledge; do you, therefore, lead us to opulence, and endow us with right understanding securing (abundant) food.
r.s.i: hiran.yastu_pa a_n:girasa; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up #NÔ?Sy/ nu vI/yaRi[/ à vae?c</ yain? c/kar? àw/main? v/¿I ,
Ah/Ú! Aih/m! ANv! A/ps! t?tdR/ à v/][a? Ai-n/t! pvR?tanam! . 1-032-011.032.01 I declare the former valorous deeds of Indra, which the thunderer has achieved; he clove the cloud; he cast the waters down (to earth); he broke (a way) for the torrents of the mountain. [Vr.tra, also called Ahi, is alluded to as condensed accumulation of vapour figuratively shut up or obstructed by a cloud; Indra, with his thunderbolt or atmospheric prowess divides up the augmented mass yielding a vent for the rain to descend on the earth and moisten the fields].Ah/Ú! Aih/m! pvR?te iziïya/[< Tvòa?SmE/ v¿<? Sv/y¡ tt] ,
va/ïa #?v xe/nv>/ SyNd?mana/ AÃ>? smu/Ôm! Av? jGmu/r£ Aap>? . 1-032-021.032.02 He clove the cloud, seeking refuge on the mountain; Tvas.t.a) sharpened his far-whirling bolt; the flowing waters quickly hastened to the ocean, like cows (hastening) to their calves.v&/;a/yma?[ae =v&[It/ saem</ iÇk?Ôéke:v! Aipbt! su/tSy? ,
Aa say?km! m/"va?dÄ/ v¿/m! Ah?Ú! @nm! àwm/jam! AhI?nam! . 1-032-031.032.03 Impetuous as a bull, he quaffed the Soma juice, he drank of the libation at the triple sacrifice. Maghvan took his shaft, the thunderbolt, and with it struck the first born of the clouds. [Triple sacrifice: at the trikadrukas, three sacrifices termed jyotis., gauh and a_yu].yd£ #/NÔah?n! àwm/jam! AhI?na/m! Aan! ma/iyna/m! Aim?na>/ àaet ma/ya> ,
Aat! sUy¡? j/ny/n! *am! %/;as<? ta/dIÆa/ zÇu</ n ikla? ivivTse . 1-032-041.032.04 Inasmuch, Indra, as you have divided the first-born of the clouds, you have destroyed the delusions of the deluders, and then engendering the sun, the dawn, the firmament, you have not left an enemy (to oppose you). [first-born of the clouds: the first-formed cloud].Ah?n! v&/Ç< v&?Ç/tr</ Vy<s/m! #NÔae/ v¿e?[ mh/ta v/xen? ,
SkNxa<?sIv/ kàil?zena/ ivv&/K[aih>? zyt %p/p&k£ p&?iw/Vya> . 1-032-051.032.05 With his vast destroying thunderbolt, Indra struck the darkling mutilated Vr.tra; as the trunks of trees are felled by the axe, so lies Ahi prostrate on the earth. [Ahi and Vr.tra are synonyms of megha, a cloud].A/yae/Ïev? Ê/mRd/ Aa ih ju/þe m?havI/r< tu?ivba/xm! \?jI/;m! ,
nata?rId£ ASy/ sm&?it< v/xana</ s< é/jana>? ipip;/ #NÔ?zÇu> . 1-032-061.032.06 The arrogant Vr.tra, as if unequaled, defied Indra, the mighty hero, the destroyer of many, the scatterer of foes; he has not escaped the contact of the fate (Indra's) enemies. The foe of Indra has crushed the (banks of the) rivers. [ruja_na_h pipis.e, he has ground the rivers or broken down the banks of the rivers, signifying the fall of Vr.tra].A/pad£ A?h/Stae A?p&tNy/d£ #NÔ/m! AaSy/ v¿/m! Aix/ sanaE? j"an ,
v&:[ae/ viØ>? àit/man/m! bu-U?;n! pué/Ça v&/Çae A?zy/d£ VySt> . 1-032-071.032.07 Having neither hand nor foot, he defied Indra, who struck him with the thunderbolt upon his mountain-like shoulder, like one emasculated who pretends to virility; then Vr.tra, mutilated of many members, slept.n/d< n i-/Úm! A?mu/ya zya?n/m! mnae/ éha?[a/ Ait? y/NTy! Aap>? ,
yaz! ic?d£ v&/Çae m?ih/na p/yRit?ó/t! tasa/m! Aih>? pTsut>/zIr£ b?-Uv . 1-032-081.032.08 The waters, that delight the minds (of men), flow over him, recumbent on this earth, as a river (bursts through) its broken (banks). Ahi has been prostrated beneath the feet of the waters, which Vr.tra, by his might, had obstructed.nI/cav?ya A-vd£ v&/Çpu/ÇeNÔae? ASya/ Av/ vx?r£ j-ar ,
%Ä?ra/ sUr£ Ax?r> pu/Ç Aa?sI/d£ danu>? zye s/hv?Tsa/ n xe/nu> . 1-032-091.032.09 The mother of Vr.tra was bending over her son, when Indra struck her nether part with his shaft; so the mother was above and the son underneath, and Da_nu slept (with her son), like a cow with its calf. [da_nu derived fr. do, to cut or destroy or fr. Da_nu wife of Ka_s'yapa and mother of the Da_navas or Titans].Ait?óNtInam! Ainvez/nana</ kaóa?na/m! mXye/ inih?t</ zrI?rm! ,
v&/ÇSy? in/{y< iv c?r/NTy! Aapae? dI/"¡ tm/ Aaz?y/d£ #NÔ?zÇu> . 1-032-101.032.10 The waters carry off the nameless body of Vr.tra, tossed into the midst of the never- stopping, never-resting currents. The foe of Indra has slept a long darkness.da/sp?ÆI/r£ Aih?gaepa Aitó/n! iné?Ïa/ Aap>? p/i[ne?v/ gav>? ,
A/pam! ibl/m! Aip?iht</ yd£ AasI?d£ v&/Ç< j?"/Nvaç Ap/ td£ v?var . 1-032-111.032.11 The waters, the wives of the destroyer, guarded by Ahi, stood obstructed, like the cows by Pan.is; but by laying Vr.tra, Indra set open the cave that had confined them.AZVyae/ varae? A-v/s! td£ #?NÔ s&/ke yt! Tva? à/Tyh?n! de/v @k>? ,
Aj?yae/ ga Aj?y> zUr/ saem/m! Ava?s&j>/ stR?ve s/Ý isNxU?n! . 1-032-121.032.12 When the single resplendent Vr.tra returned the blow (which had been inflicted), Indra, by your thunderbolt, you became (furious), like a horse's tail. You have rescued the kine; you have won, Hero, the Soma juice; you have let loose the seven rivers to flow. [Like a horse's tail, as a horse lashes his tail to get rid of the flies; seven rivers: gan:ga_, yamuna_, sarasvati_, s'atudri_, parus.n.i_ (ira_vati_), asikni, marudvr.dha_, vitasta_, a_rji_ki_ya (vipa_sa_) and sus.oma_ (sindhu)].naSmE? iv/*un! n t?Ny/tu> is?;ex/ n yam! imh/m! Aik?rd£ Øa/Êin<? c ,
#NÔ?z! c/ yd£ yu?yu/xate/ Aih?z! cae/tap/rI_yae? m/"va/ iv ij?Gye . 1-032-131.032.13 Neither the lightning nor the thunder (discharged by Vr.tra), nor the rain which he showered, nor the thunderbolt, harmed Indra, when he and Ahi contended and Maghvat triumphed also over other (attacks).Ahe?r£ ya/tar</ km! A?pZy #NÔ ù/id yt! te? j/¹u;ae/ -Ir£ Ag?CDt! ,
nv? c/ yn! n?v/it< c/ öv?NtI> Zye/nae n -I/tae At?rae/ rja<?is . 1-032-141.032.14 When fear entered, Indra, into your heart when about to slay Ahi, what other destroyer of him did you look for, that, alarmed, you did traverse ninety and nine streams like a (swift) hawk? [When fear entered Indra: his fear was the uncertainty whether he should destroy Vr.tra or not].#NÔae? ya/tae =?vistSy/ raja/ zm?Sy c z&/i¼[ae/ v¿?ba÷> ,
sed£ %/ raja? ]yit c;R[I/nam! A/ran! n ne/im> pir/ ta b?-Uv . 1-032-151.032.15 Then Indra, the wilder of the thunderbolt, became the sovereign of all that is moveable or immoveable, of hornless and horned cattle; and as he abides the monarch of men, he comprehended all things (within him), as the circumference comprehends the spokes of a wheel.
r.s.i: hiran.yastu_pa a_n:girasa; devata_: indra_; chanda: tris.t.up @taya/maep? g/VyNt/ #NÔ?m! A/Smak</ su àm?it< vav&xait ,
A/na/m&/[> kà/ivd£ Aad£ A/Sy ra/yae gva</ ket/m! pr?m! Aa/vjR?te n> . 1-033-011.033.01 Come, let us get to Indra, (to recover our stolen cattle), for he, devoid of malice, exhilarates our minds; thereupon he will bestow upon us perfect knowledge of this wealth, (which consists) of kine.%ped£ A/h< x?n/dam! Aà?tIt</ juòa</ n Zye/nae v?s/itm! p?taim ,
#NÔ<? nm/SyÚ! %?p/mei-?r£ A/këRr£ y Stae/t&_yae/ hVyae/ AiSt/ yam?n! . 1-033-021.033.02 I fly, like a hawk to its cherished nest, to that Indra who is to be invoked by his worshipper in battle, glorifying with excellent hymns, him who is invincible and the giver of wealth.in svR?sen #;u/xIçr£ A?s/ sm! A/yaêR ga A?jit/ ySy/ viò? ,
cae/:kª/yma?[ #NÔ/ -Uir? va/mm! ma p/i[r£ -U?r£ A/Smd£ Aix? àv&Ï . 1-033-031.033.03 The commander fo the whole host has bound his quiver (on his back); the lord drives the cattle (to the dwelling) of whom he pleases. Mighty Indra, bestowing upon us abundant wealth, take not advantage of us like a dealer. [A_rya = sva_min, master, owner, lord; hence, Indra; Like a dealer: lit. do not be to us a pan.i, a trafficker; Indra is asked not to make a hard bargain on price, not to demand too much from his worshippers].vxI/r£ ih dSyu<? x/inn<? "/nen/ç @k/z! cr?Ú! %pza/kei-?r£ #NÔ ,
xnae/r£ Aix? iv;u/[k£ te Vy! Aay/Ú! Ay?Jvan> sn/ka> àeit?m! $yu> . 1-033-041.033.04 Verily, Indra, you have slain the wealthy barbarian with your bold; your, singly assailing (him), although with auxiliaries (the Maruts) at hand. Perceiving the impending manifold destructiveness of your bow, they, the Sanakas, the neglecters of sacrifice, perished. [barbarian: Vr.tra, the Dasyu (lit. a robber), in contrast to A_rya; vr.trasya antah sarve devah sarvas'ca vidyah sarva_n.i havim.s.i ca_san: he comprehends within him all gods, all knowledge, all o9blations; Sanakas: followers of Vr.tra who are ayajva_nah, non-sacrificers].pra? icc! DI/;aR v?v&ju/s! t #/NÔay?Jvanae/ yJv?i-/ SpxR?mana> ,
à yd£ id/vae h?irv Swatr£ %¢/ inr£ A?ì/taç A?xmae/ raed?Syae> . 1-033-051.033.05 The neglecters of sacrifice, contending with the sacrificers, Indra, fled with averted faces. Indra, fierce, unyielding, lord of steeds, (they appeared) when you did blow the disregarders of religion from off the heaven, and earth and sky.Ayu?yuTsÚ! Anv/*Sy/ sena/m! Aya?tyNt i]/tyae/ nv?Gva> ,
v&/;a/yuxae/ n vØ?yae/ inr?òa> à/viÑ/r£ #NÔa?c! ic/ty?Nt Aayn! . 1-033-061.033.06 (The adherants of Vr.tra) encountered the army of the irreproachable (Indra); men of holy lives encouraged him. Scattered before him, conscious (of their inferiority), like the emasculated contending with men, they fled by precipitous paths. [ks.itayah navagva_h = men whose practices were commendable; the men may be the an:girasas offering libations to Indra for nine months].Tvm! @/tan! é?d/tae j]?t/z! cayae?xyae/ rj?s #NÔ pa/re ,
Ava?dhae id/v Aa dSyu?m! %/½a à su?Nv/t Stu?v/t> z<s?m! Aav> . 1-033-071.033.07 You have destroyed them, Indra, whether weeping or laughing, on the farthest verge of the sky; you have consumed the robber, (having dragged him) from heaven, and have received the praises of the worshipper, praising you and offering libations.c/³a/[as>? prI/[h?m! p&iw/Vya ihr?{yen m/i[na/ zuM-?mana> ,
n ih?Nva/nas?s! itité/s! t #NÔ/m! pir/ Spzae? Adxa/t! sUyêR?[ . 1-033-081.033.08 Decorated with gold and jewels, they were spreading over the circuit of the earth; but mighty as they were, they triumphed not over Indra; he dispersed them with the (rising) sun.pir/ yd£ #?NÔ/ raed?sI %/-e Abu?-aejIr£ mih/na iv/ñt>? sIm! ,
Am?Nymanaç A/i- mNy?manE/r£ inr£ ä/üi-?r£ Axmae/ dSyu?m! #NÔ . 1-033-091.033.09 Indra, as you enjoy both heaven and earth, investing the universe with your magnitude, you have blown away the robber with the prayers which are repeated on behalf of those who do not comprehend them. [amanyama_na_n abhi manyama_nair brahmabhih adhamah = with prayers to be understood over those not understanding, i.e. those yajama_nas who merely repeat the mantras without understanding their meaning, are nevertheless to be protected by, or are to reap the benefit of those mantras; and with mantras, Indra will be empowered to scatter the followers of Vr.tra, clouds and darkness. S'ri_n:gin.a_m s'us.n.am = lit. the first having horns, i.e. furnished with weapons like the horns of bulls and buffaloes; s'us.n.am = lit. drying up, i.e. when applied to Vr.tra or the cloud, as withholding moisture].n ye id/v> p&?iw/Vya ANt?m! Aa/pur£ n ma/yai-?r£ xn/dam! p/yR-U?vn! ,
yuj</ v¿<? v&;/-z! c?³/ #NÔae/ inr£ Jyaeit?;a/ tm?sae/ ga A?Ê]t! . 1-033-101.033.10 When the waters descended not upon the ends of the earth, and overspread not that giver of affluence with its productions, then Indra, the showerer, grasped his bolt, and with its brightness milked out the waters from the darkness.Anu? Sv/xam! A?]r/Ú! Aapae? A/Syav?xRt/ mXy/ Aa na/Vyanam! ,
s/ØI/cIne?n/ mn?sa/ tm! #NÔ/ Aaeij?óen/ hNm?nahÚ! A/i- *Un! . 1-033-111.033.11 The waters flowed to provide the food of Indra, but (Vr.tra) increased in the midst of the navigable (rivers); then Indra, with his fatal and powerful shaft, slew Vr.tra, whose thought were ever turned towards him.Ny! AaivXyd£ #lI/ibz?Sy å/¦£ha iv z&/i¼[?m! Ai-n/c! Du:[/m! #NÔ>? ,
yav/t! trae? m"v/n! yav/d£ Aaejae/ v¿e?[/ zÇu?m! AvxI> p&t/Nyum! . 1-033-121.033.12 Indra set free (the waters) obstructed by (Vr.tra), when sleeping in the caves of the earth, and slew the horned dryer up (of the world). You, Maghavan, with equal swiftness and strength, did kill with your thunderbolt the enemy defying you to battle.A/i- is/Xmae A?ijgad£ ASy/ zÇU/n! iv it/Gmen? v&;/-e[a/ purae? =-et! ,
s< v¿e?[as&jd£ v&/Çm! #NÔ>/ à Svam! m/itm! A?itr/c! Daz?dan> . 1-033-131.033.13 The weapon of Indra fell upon his adversaries; with his sharp and excellent (shaft) he destroyed their cities; he then reached Vr.tra with his thunderbolt, and (by) slaying him, exhilarated his mind.Aav>/ kàTs?m! #NÔ/ yiSm?|! ca/kn! àavae/ yuXy?Nt< v&;/-< dz?*um! ,
z/)Cyu?tae re/[ur£ n?]t/ *am! %c! D£vE?Çe/yae n&/;aýa?y tSwaE . 1-033-141.033.14 You, Indra, have protected Kutsa, grateful for his praises; you have defended the excellent Das'adyu engaged in battle; the dust of your courser's hoofs ascended to heaven; the son of S'vita, (through your favour), rose up, to be again unborn by men. [Kutsa is a r.s.i, a founder of a gotra, a religious family; Das'adyuh is also a r.s.i and a warrior; S'vaitreya or S'vitrya is the son of mother S'vitra. Next hymn described S'vitra as having hidden himself in a pool of water to avoid the enemies].Aav>/ zm<? v&;/-< tu¢(a?su ]eÇje/;e m?"v/|! D£ivÈy</ gam! ,
Jyaek£ ic/d£ AÇ? tiSw/va<sae? A³|! DÇUy/tam! Ax?ra/ ved?nak> . 1-033-151.033.15 You have protected, Maghavan, the excellent son of S'vita_, when combating for his lands, and encouraged (by you) when immersed in water; do you inflict sharp pains on those of hostile minds, who have long stood (in enmity) against us.
r.s.i: hiran.yastu_pa a_n:girasa; devata_: as'vini_kuma_ra; chanda: jagati_, 9,12 tris.t.up iÇz! ic?n! nae A/*a -?vt< nvedsa iv/-ur£ va</ yam? %/t ra/itr£ A?iñna ,
yu/vaer£ ih y/Ù< ih/Myev/ vas?sae =_yay</seNya? -vtm! mnI/i;i->? . 1-034-01
Çy>? p/vyae? mxu/vah?ne/ rwe/ saem?Sy ve/nam! Anu/ ivñ/ #d£ iv?Ê> ,
Çy? Sk/M-as? Ski-/tas? Aa/r-e/ iÇr£ n<? ya/ws! iÇr£ v! A?iñna/ idva? . 1-034-02
s/ma/ne Ah/n! iÇr£ A?v*gaehna/ iÇr£ A/* y/}m! mxu?na imim]tm! ,
iÇr£ vaj?vtI/r£ #;ae? Aiñna yu/v< dae/;a A/Sm_y?m! %/;s?z! c ipNvtm! . 1-034-03
iÇr£ v/itRr£ ya?t</ iÇr£ Anu?ìte j/ne iÇ> su?àa/Vye Çe/xev? iz]tm! ,
iÇr£ na/N*< vhtm! Aiñna yu/v< iÇ> p&]ae? A/Sme A/]re?v ipNvtm! . 1-034-04
iÇr£ nae? r/iy< v?htm! Aiñna yu/v< iÇr£ de/vta?ta/ iÇr£ %/tav?t</ ixy>? ,
iÇ> saE?-g/Tv< iÇr£ %/t ïva<?is ns! iÇ/ó< va</ sUre? Êih/ta é?h/d£ rw?m! . 1-034-05
iÇr£ nae? Aiñna id/Vyain? -e;/ja iÇ> paiwR?vain/ iÇr£ %? dÄm! A/Ñ(> ,
Aae/man<? z</yaer£ mm?kay sU/nve? iÇ/xatu/ zmR? vht< zu-s! ptI . 1-034-06
iÇr£ nae? Aiñna yj/ta id/ve-id?ve/ pir? iÇ/xatu? p&iw/vIm! A?zaytm! ,
it/öae na?sTya rWya pra/vt? Aa/Tmev/ vat>/ Svs?rai[ gCDtm! . 1-034-07
iÇr£ A?iñna/ isNxu?i-> s/Ýma?t&i-/s! Çy? Aaha/vas! Çe/xa h/iv;! k«/tm! ,
it/ö> p&?iw/vIr£ %/pir? à/va id/vae nak<? r]ewe/ *ui-?r£ A/ài-?r£ ih/tm! . 1-034-08
Kv ÇI c/³a iÇ/v&tae/ rw?Sy/ Kv Çyae? v/Nxurae/ ye snI?¦a> ,
k/da yaegae? va/ijnae/ ras?-Sy/ yen? y/}< na?sTyaepya/w> . 1-034-09
Aa na?sTya/ gCD?t< ø/yte? h/ivr£ mXv>? ipbtm! mxu/pei-?r£ Aa/si->? ,
yu/vaer£ ih pUv¡? siv/tae;sae/ rw?m! \/tay? ic/Ç< "&/tv?Nt/m! #:y?it . 1-034-10
Aa na?sTya iÇ/i-r£ @?kad/zEr£ #/h de/vei-?r£ yatm! mxu/pey?m! Aiñna ,
àayu/s! tair?ò</ nI rpa<?is m&]t</ sex?t</ Öe;ae/ -v?t< sca/-uva? . 1-034-11
Aa nae? Aiñna iÇ/v&ta/ rwe?na/vaRÂ<? r/iy< v?ht< su/vIr?m! ,
z&/{vNta? va/m! Av?se jaehvIim v&/xe c? nae -vt</ vaj?sataE . 1-034-121.034.01 Wise As'vins, be present with us thrice today; vast is your vehicle, as well as your munificence; your union is like that of the shining (day) and dewy (night); (suffer yourselves) to be detained by the learned (priests). [Allusion to three diurnal sacrifices, at dawn, mid-day and sunset; all divinities are tripthaga_h, with the faculty to go through the heavens, the firmament and the earth].
1.034.02 Three are the solid (wheels) of your abundance-bearing chariot, as all (the gods) have known (it to be), when attendant on Vena, the beloved of Soma; three are the columns placed (above it) for support, and in it thrice do you journey by night, and thrice by day. [As'vins went to the marriage of Vena with Soma and loaded their ratha (chariot) with goodies; skambhasah skabhita_sa a_rabhe = posts standing up from the body of the car, which the riders held, to avoid being thrown off by the rapid or uneven motion of the car].
1.034.03 Thrice in one entire day do you repair the faults (of your worshippers); thrice today sprinkle the oblation with sweetness; and thrice, evening and morning, As'vins, grant us strength-bestowing food.
1.034.04 Thrice, As'vins, visit our dwelling, and the man who is well-disposed towards us; thrice repair to him who deserves your protection, and instruct us in three-fold knowledge; thrice grant us gratifying (rewards); thrice shower upon us food, as (Indra pours down) rain.
1.034.05 As'vins, thrice bestow upon us riches; thrice approach the divine rite; thrice preserve our intellects; thrice grant us prosperity, thrice food. The daughter of the sun has ascended your three-wheeled car.
1.034.06 Thrice grant us, As'vins, the medicaments of heaven, and those of earth, and those of the firmament; give to my son the prosperity of S'amyu; cherishers of wholesome (herbs), preserve the well-being of the three humours (of the body). [S'amyu is the son of Br.haspati and nourished by the As'vins; the text has tr.-dha_tu, three elements, may also denote three humours: wind, bile and phlegm].
1.034.07 As'vins, who are to be thrice worshipped, day by day, repose on the triple (couch of) sacred grass upon the earth, (that form the altar); car-borne Na_satyas, repair from afar to the threefold (place of sacrifice), as the vital air to (living) bodies. [Na_satya = na-asatya, they who have not untruth; the text has, 'to the three', a reference to altars, severally appropriated to oblations of ghee, to animal sacrifices, and to libations of Soma: ais.t.ika pa_s'uka saumikaru_pa_ vedi_h].
1.034.08 Come, As'vins, thrice with the seven mother-sttreams; the three rivers are ready; the triple oblation is prepared; rising above the three worlds, you defend the sun in the sky, who is established for both night and day. [Three rivers: three sorts of jars or pitchers used to contain and pour out Soma].
1.034.09 Where, Na_satyas, ae the three wheels of your triangular car? where the three fastenings and props (of the awning?) When will be the harnessing of the powerful ass, that you may come to the sacrifice? [trivr.to rathasya = tribhiras'ribhir-upetasya rathasya; the front of the car is the apex and the back of the car is the base forming three angles; ra_sabha = gardabha, ass; ra_sabha_vas'vinoh, two asses are the steeds of As'vins].
1.034.10 Come, Na_satyas, to the sacrifice; the oblation is offered; drink the juice with mouths that relish the sweet savour. Before dawn, even, Savita_ send (to bring you) to the rite, your wonderful car shining with clarified butter.
1.034.11 Come, Na_satyas, with the thrice eleven divinities; come, As'vins, to drink the oblation prolong our lives, efface our faults, restrain our enemies, and be ever with us. [three fold repetition of 11 divinities: ye deva_so divy- eka_das'a stha, you eleven deities who are in heaven or 33 divnities: 8 vasus, 11 rudras, 12 a_dityas, praja_pati and vas'at.ka_ra].
1.034.12 Borne in your car that traverses the three worlds, bring to us As'vins, present affluence, attended by (male) progeny; I call upon you both, listening to me, for protection; be to us for vigour in battle.
r.s.i: hiran.yastu_pa a_n:girasa; devata_: 1st pa_da agni, 2nd pa_da mitra_varun.a, 3rd pa_da ra_tri, 4th pa_da savita_, 2-11 savita_; chanda: tris.t.up, 1,9 jagati_ þya?My! A/i¶m! à?w/m< Sv/Stye/ þya?im im/Çavé?[av! #/hav?se ,
þya?im/ raÇI/ jg?tae in/vez?nI/ þya?im de/v< s?iv/tar?m! ^/tye? . 1-035-01
Aa k«/:[en/ rj?sa/ vtR?manae inve/zy?Ú! A/m&t/m! mTy¡? c ,
ih/r/{yye?n siv/ta rwe/na de/vae ya?it/ -uv?nain/ pZy?n! . 1-035-02
yait? de/v> à/vta/ yaTy! %/Öta/ yait? zu/æa_ya<? yj/tae hir?_yam! ,
Aa de/vae ya?it siv/ta p?ra/vtae =?p/ ivña? Êir/ta bax?man> . 1-035-03
A/-Iv&?t</ k«z?nEr£ iv/ñê?p</ ihr?{yzMy< yj/tae b&/hNt?m! ,
AaSwa/d£ r¡? siv/ta ic/Ç-a?nu> k«/:[a rja<?is/ tiv?;I/ dxa?n> . 1-035-04
iv jna?|! D(a/va> iz?it/padae? AOy/n! r¡/ ihr?{yà=g</ vh?Nt> ,
zñ/d£ ivz>? siv/tur£ dEVy?Syae/pSwe/ ivña/ -uv?nain tSwu> . 1-035-05
it/öae *av>? siv/tur£ Öa %/pSwa/ç @ka? y/mSy/ -uv?ne ivra/;aq£ ,
Aa/i[< n rWy?m! A/m&taix? tSwur£ #/h ä?vItu/ y %/ tc! icke?tt! . 1-035-06
iv su?p/[aêR A/Ntir?]a{y! AOyd£ g-I/rve?pa/ Asu?r> sunI/w> ,
KvedanI/ sUyR>/ kz! ic?ket kt/ma< *a< r/iZmr£ A/Sya t?tan . 1-035-07
A/òaE Vy! AOyt! k/kà->? p&iw/Vyas! ÇI xNv/ yaej?na s/Ý isNxU?n! ,
ih/r/{ya/]> s?iv/ta de/v Aaga/d£ dx/d£ rÆa? da/zu;e/ vayaR?i[ . 1-035-08
ihr?{ypai[> siv/ta ivc?;Ri[r£ %/-e *ava?p&iw/vI A/Ntr£ $?yte ,
ApamI?va/m! bax?te/ veit/ sUyR?m! A/i- k«/:[en/ rj?sa/ *am! \?[aeit . 1-035-09
ihr?{yhStae/ Asu?r> sunI/w> su?m&¦I/k> Svva?ç yaTv! A/vaR'£ ,
A/p/sex?n! r/]sae? yatu/xana/n! ASwa?d£ de/v> à?itdae/;< g&?[a/n> . 1-035-10
ye te/ pNwa>? sivt> pU/VyaRsae? =re/[v>/ suk«?ta A/Ntir?]e ,
tei-?r£ nae A/* p/iwi->? su/ge-I/ r]a? c nae/ Aix? c äUih dev . 1-035-111.035.01 Invoke Agni first, for protection: I invoke for protection, Mitra and Varun.a; invoke Night, who brings rest to the world; invoke the divine Savita_ for my preservation.
1.035.02 Revolving through the darkened firmament, arousing mortal and immortal, the divine Savita_ travels in his golden chariot, beholding the (several) worlds.
1.035.03 The divine Savita_ travels by an upward and by a downward path; deserving adoration, he journeys with two white horses; he comes hither from a distance, removing all sins.
1.035.04 The many-rayed adorable Savita_, having power (to disperse) darkness from the world, has mounted his nigh-standing chariot, decorated with many kinds of golden ornaments, and furnished with golden yokes.
1.035.05 His white-footed coursers, harnessed to his car with a golden yoke, have manifested light to manking. Men and all the regions are ever in the presence of divine Savita_.
1.035.06 Three are the spheres; two are in the proximity of Savita_, one leads men to the dwelling of Yama. The immortal (luminaries) depend upon Savita_ as a car upon the pin of the axle; let him who knows (the greatness of Savita_) declare it. [amr.ta = immortals; moon and constellations are added].
1.035.07 Suparn.a, (the solar ray), deep-quivering, life-bestowing, well-directed, has illuminated the three regions. Where now is Su_rya Who knows to what sphere his rays have extended? [supran.a = well-winged, a synonym of ras'mi, a ray; asura, fr. asu, vital breath; ra, who gives, hence life-giving].
1.035.08 He has lighted up the eight points of the horizon, the three regions of living beings, the seven rivers; may the golden-eyes Savita_ come hither, bestowing upon the offerer of the oblation desirable riches.
1.035.09 The gold-handed, all-beholding, Savita_ travels between the two regions of heaven and earth, dispels diseases, approaches the sun, and overspreads the sky with gloom, alternating radiance. [su_ryam abhiveti: yadyevatayor ekadevata_tvam tatha_pi mu_rttibhedena gantr.gantavya-bha_vah: thought Savita_ and Su_rya are the same as regards their divinity, yet they are two different forms, and therefore, one may go to the other].
1.035.10 May the golden-handed, life-bestowing, well-guiding, exhilarating, and affluent Savita_, be present (at the sacrifice); for the deity, if worshipped in the evening, it at hand, driving away ra_ks.as and ya_tudha_nas.
1.035.11 Your paths, Savita_, are prepared of old, and free from dust, and well placed in the firmament; (coming) by those paths easy to be traversed, preserve us today. Deity, speak to us.
r.s.i: kan.va ghaura; devata_: agni, 13-14 yu_pa; chanda: ba_rhata prga_tha vis.ama_ br.hati_, sama_sato br.hati_, 13 uparis.t.a_d-br.hati_ Anuva_ka VIII à vae? y/þm! pu?ê/[a< iv/za< de?vy/tIna?m! ,
A/i¶< sU/ei-/r£ vcae?i-r£ $mhe/, y< sI/m! #d£ A/Ny $¦?te . 1-036-01
jna?sae A/i¶< d?ixre shae/v&x<?, h/iv:m?Ntae ivxem te ,
s Tv< nae? A/* su/mna? #/haiv/ta, -va/ vaje?;u sNTy . 1-036-02
à Tva? Ë/t< v&?[Imhe/ haeta?r< iv/ñve?dsm! ,
m/hs! te? s/tae iv c?rNTy! A/cRyae?, id/iv Sp&?ziNt -a/nv>? . 1-036-03
de/vas?s! Tva/ vé?[ae im/Çae A?yR/ma, s< Ë/tm! à/Æm! #?Nxte ,
ivñ</ sae A?¶e jyit/ Tvya/ xn</, ys! te? d/daz/ mTyR>? . 1-036-04
m/NÔae haeta? g&/hp?it/r£ A¶e? Ë/tae iv/zam! A?is ,
Tve ivña/ s<g?tain ì/ta Øu/va, yain? de/va Ak«?{vt . 1-036-05
Tve #d£ A?¶e su/-ge? yivó(/, ivñ/m! Aa ø?yte h/iv> ,
s Tv< nae? A/* su/mna? %/tap/r<, yi]? de/van! su/vIyaR? . 1-036-06
t< "e?m! #/Twa n?m/iSvn/ %p? Sv/raj?m! Aaste ,
haeÇa?i-r£ A/i¶m! mnu?;>/ sm! #?Nxte, itit/va¡sae/ Ait/ iöx>? . 1-036-07
¹Ntae? v&/Çm! A?tr/n! raed?sI A/p, %/é ]ya?y ci³re ,
-uv/t! k{ve/ v&;a? *u/MNy! Aa÷?t>/, ³Nd/d£ Añae/ giv?iò;u . 1-036-08
s< sI?dSv m/haç A?is/ zaec?Sv dev/vIt?m> ,
iv xU/mm! A?¶e Aé/;m! im?yeXy s&/j à?zSt dzR/tm! . 1-036-09
y< Tva? de/vasae/ mn?ve d/xur£ #/h, yij?ó< hVyvahn ,
y< k{vae/ meXya?itiwr£ xn/Sp&t</, y< v&;a/ ym! %?pStu/t> . 1-036-10
ym! A/i¶m! meXya?itiw>/ k{v? $/x \/tad£ Aix? ,
tSy/ àe;ae? dIidyu/s! tm! #/ma \c/s!, tm! A/i¶< v?xRyamis . 1-036-11
ra/ys! pU?ixR Svxa/vae =?iSt/ ih, te =?¶e de/ve:v! AaPy?m! ,
Tv< vaj?Sy/ ïuTy?Sy rajis/, s nae? m&¦ m/haç A?is . 1-036-12
^/XvR ^/ ;u [? ^/tye/ itóa? de/vae n s?iv/ta ,
^/XvaêR vaj?Sy/ sin?ta/ yd£ A/iÃi-?r£, va/"iÑ?r£ iv/þya?mhe . 1-036-13
^/XvaêR n>? pa/ý! A<h?sae/ in ke/tuna/, ivñ</ sm! A/iÇ[<? dh ,
k«/xI n? ^/XvaR|! c/rwa?y jI/vse?, iv/da de/ve;u? nae/ Êv>? . 1-036-14
pa/ih nae? A¶e r/]s>? pa/ih xU/têRr£ Ara?V[> ,
pa/ih rI;?t %/t va/ ij"a<?stae/, b&h?Ñanae/ yiv?ó( . 1-036-15
"/nev/ iv:v/g! iv j/ý! Ara?V[/s!, tpu?jRM-/ yae A?Sm/Øuk£ ,
yae mTyR>/ izzI?te/ ATy! A/ài-/r£, ma n>/ s ir/pur£ $?zt . 1-036-16
A/i¶r£ v?ëe su/vIyR?m! A/i¶> k{va?y/ saE-?gm! ,
A/i¶> àav?n! im/Çaet meXya?itiwm!, A/i¶> sa/ta %?pStu/tm! . 1-036-17
A/i¶na? tu/vRz</ yÊ?m! pra/vt?, %/¢ade?v< hvamhe ,
A/i¶r£ n?y/n! nv?vaSTvm! b&/hÔ?w<, tu/vIit</ dSy?ve/ sh>? . 1-036-18
in Tvam! A?¶e/ mnu?r£ dxe/ Jyaeit/r£ jna?y/ zñ?te ,
dI/dew/ k{v? \/tja?t %i]/tae, y< n?m/SyiNt? k«/òy>? . 1-036-19
Tve/;asae? A/¶er£ Am?vNtae A/cRyae?, -I/masae/ n àtI?tye ,
r/]/iSvn>/ sd/m! #d£ ya?tu/mav?tae/ ivñ</ sm! A/iÇ[<? dh . 1-036-201.036.01 We implore with sacred hymns the mighty Agni, whom other (r.s.is) also praise, for the benefit of you who are many people, worshipping the gods of you who are many people, worshipping the gods.1.036.02 Men have recourse to Agni, the augmenter of vigour; offering oblations, we worship you; do you liberal giver of food, be well disposed to us here this day, and be our protector.
1.036.03 We select you, Agni, the messenger and invoker of the gods, who are endowed with all knowledge. The flames of you, who are mighty and eternal, spread around the rays, touch of the heavens.
1.036.04 The deities Varun.a, Mitra and Aryaman kindle you, (their) ancient messenger. The man who has offered you (oblations), obtains through you, Agni, universal wealth. [aryan mimite: aryaman, he who measures or estimates properly the aryas].
1.036.05 You, Agni, are the giver of delight, the invoker and messenger of the gods, the domestic guardian of mankind; the good and durable actions which the gods perform are all aggregated in you. [du_to vis'a_m asi: devadu_ta; vis'a_m is connected with gr.hapati, lord of the dwelling].
1.036.06 Youthful and auspicious Agni, whatever oblation may be presented to you, do you, well disposed towards us; either now or at any other time, convey it to the powerful gods.
1.036.07 In this manner the devout adore you, who are such (as described), bright with your own radiance. Men, with (seven) ministrant priests, kindle Agni (with oblations), victorious over their enemies. [sapta hotra_h pra_cir vas'at.-kurvnti, seven principal priests or assistants at the Soma Ya_gas are: 1. the institutor, yajama_na; 2. hota_, who repeats the hymns of the R.k; 3. udgata_, who chants the Soma; 4. pota_, who prepares the materials for the oblation; nes'ta_, who pours it on the fire; 6. brahma_, who supervises the whole process; and 7. ra_ks.asa, who guards the door. Adhvaryu, who recites the formulae of the yajus. may replace the yajama_na].
1.036.08 The destroying (deities along with you) have slain Vr.tra; they have made earth and heaven and the firmament the spacious dwelling-place (of living creatures); may Agni, possessed of wealth, when invoked, be a benefactor to Kan.va, like a horse that neighs in a conflict for cattle. [govis.ayeccha_yuktes.u , assumed: san:gra_mes.u, in battles to win cattle].
1.036.09 Take your seat, Agni, on the sacred grass, for you are mighty; shine forth, for you are devoted to the gods; adorable and excellent Agni, emit the moving and graceful smoke.
1.036.10 Bearer of oblations, (you are he) whom the gods detained for the sake of Manu; whom, giver of wealth, Kan.va, the host of pious guests, has detained; whom Indra detained, and whom (now) some other worshipper has detained. [medhya_tithi, attended by venerable (medhya) guest (atithi) is an epithet of Kan.va whose son is Medha_tithi, the r.s.i of the twelfth and followins su_ktas].
1.036.11 The rays of that Agni, whom Kan.va made more brilliant than the sun, pre-eminently shine; him do these our hymns, him do we, extol.
1.036.12 Agni, giver of food, complete our treasures, for the friendship of the gods is obtainable through you. You are lord over famous viands; make us hapy, for you are great.
1.036.13 Stand up erect for our protection, like the divine Savita_; erect, you are the giver of food, for which we invoke you with unguents, and priests (offering oblations). [Erect Agni is the yu_pa or post].
1.036.14 Erect, preserve us by knowledge from sin; consume every malignant spirit; raise us aloft, that we may pass (through the world); and that we may live, convey our sealth (of oblations) to the gods.
1.036.15 Youthful and most resplendent Agni, protect us against evil spirits, and from the malevolent (man), who gives no gifts; protect us from noxious (animals), and from those who seek to kill us.
1.036.16 Agni, with the burning rays, destroy entirely our foes, who make no gifts, as (potter's ware) with a club; let not one who is inimical to us, nor the man who attacks us with sharp weapons, prevail against us. [ghana = club; assumed: bha_n.d.a_di].
1.036.17 Agni is solicited for power-conferring (affluence); he has granted prosperity to Kan.va, he has protected our friends, as well as the (sage who was) the host of the holy and (every other) worshipper (who has had recourse to him) for riches.
1.036.18 We invoke from afar, along with Agni, Turvas'a, Yadu and Ugradeva; let Agni, the arrester of the robber, bring hither Navava_stu, Br.hadratha and Turvi_ti. [All were ra_jars.is, royal sages; Turvasu and Yadu were sons of Yaya_ti of the lunar race].
1.036.19 Manu detained you, Agni, (to give) light to the various races of mankind. Born for the sake of sacrifice, and satiated with oblations, you, whom men reverence, have blazed for Kan.va.
1.036.20 The flames of Agni are luminous, powerful, fearful, and not to be trusted. Ever assuredly and entirely consume the mighty spirits of evil and all our other adversaries.
r.s.i: kan.va ghaura; devata_: marudgan.a; chanda: ga_yatri_ ³I/¦< v>/ zxaêR/ maé?tm! An/vaR[<? rwe/zu-?m! ,
k{va? A/i- à ga?yt . 1-037-01
ye p&;?tIi-r£ \/iòi->? sa/k< vazI?i-r£ A/iÃi->? ,
Aja?yNt/ Sv-a?nv> . 1-037-02
#/hev? z&{v @;a</ kza/ hSte?;u/ yd£ vda?n! ,
in yam?|! ic/Çm! \?Ãte . 1-037-03
à v>/ zxaR?y/ "&:v?ye Tve/;*u?çay zu/i:m[e? ,
de/vÄ/m! äü? gayt . 1-037-04
à z<?sa/ gae:v! A¸Ny<? ³I/¦< yc! DxaêR/ maé?tm! ,
jM-e/ rs?Sy vav&xe . 1-037-05
kae vae/ vi;R?ó/ Aa n?rae id/vz! c/ Gmz! c? xUty> ,
yt! sI/m! ANt</ n xU?nu/w . 1-037-06
in vae/ yama?y/ manu?;ae d/Ø %/¢ay? m/Nyve? ,
ijhI?t/ pvR?tae ig/ir> . 1-037-07
ye;a/m! AJme?;u p&iw/vI ju?ju/vaRç #?v iv/Zpit>? ,
i-/ya yame?;u/ rej?te . 1-037-08
iSw/r< ih jan?m! @;a</ vyae? ma/tur£ inre?tve ,
yt! sI/m! Anu? iÖ/ta zv>? . 1-037-09
%d£ %/ Tye sU/nvae/ igr>/ kaóa/ AJme?:v! AÆt ,
va/ïa A?i-/}u yat?ve . 1-037-10
Ty< ic?d£ "a dI/"Rm! p&/wum! im/hae npa?t/m! Am&?Øm! ,
à Cya?vyiNt/ yam?i-> . 1-037-11
mé?tae/ yd£ x? vae/ bl</ jna?ç AcuCyvItn ,
ig/rIçr£ A?cuCyvItn . 1-037-12
yd£ x/ yaiNt? m/ét>/ s< h? äuv/te =?Xv/Ú! Aa ,
z&/[aeit/ kz! ic?d£ @;am! . 1-037-13
à ya?t/ zI-?m! Aa/zui->/ siNt/ k{ve?;u vae/ Êv>? ,
tÇae/ ;u ma?dyaXvE . 1-037-14
AiSt/ ih :ma/ mda?y v>/ Smis? :ma v/ym! @?;am! ,
ivñ<? ic/d£ Aayu?r£ jI/vse? . 1-037-151.037.01 Celebrate, Kan.vas, the aggregate strength of the Maruts, sportive, with horses, but shining in their car. [kan.vas = sages or priests; anarva_n.am = bhra_tr.vya-rahitam, lit. without a brother's son; arvan = a horse; since Maruts' chariot is drawn by deer, they can do without horses; bhra_tr.vya = enemy].
1.037.02 Who, borne by spotted deer, were born self-radiant, with weapons, war-cries and decorations. [va_s'i_bhih = with sounds or speeches; i.e. with cries terrifying the enemy's army; vas'i = va_c, speech, voice].
1.037.03 I hear the craking of the whips in their hands, wonderfully inspiring (courage) in the fight.
1.037.04 Address the god-given prayer to those who are your strength, the destroyers of foes, the powerful, possessed of brilliant reputation. [devattam-brahma, the praise or prayer which recommends the oblation, obtained from the favour of instruction of the gods].
1.037.05 Praise the sportive and unresisted might of the Maruts, who were born amongst kine, and whose strength has been nourished by (the enjoyment of) the milk. [gos.u-ma_rutam, Maruts among the cows; pr.s'niyai vai payaso marut, Maruts were born of milk for Pr.s'ni. jambhe rasasya vavr.dhe, their vigour, derived from or of the milk, was increased (either) in enjoyment or in the belly: goks.i_raru_pasya sambandhi tat tejo jambhe mukhe udare va_ vr.ddham abhu_t].
1.037.06 Which is the chief leader among you, agitators of heaven and earth, who shake all around like the top (of a tree)?
1.037.07 The house-holder, in dread of your fierce and violent approach, has planted a firm (buttress); for the many-ridged mountain is shattered (before you).
[ma_nus.o dadhre, the man has planted; ma_nus.o is explained: gr.hasva_mi_, the master of the house; dadhre is further explained: gr.hada_d.hya_rtham dr.d.ham stambham, a strong post to give stability to the dwelling].
1.037.08 At whose impetuous approach, earth trembles like an enfeebled monarch through dread (of his enemies).
1.037.09 Stable is their birth place, (the sky), yet the birds (are able) to issue from (the sphere of) their parent; for your strength is everywhere (divided between two--regions, or heaven and earth.
1.037.10 They are the generations of speech; they spread out the waters in their courses; they urge the lowing (cattle) to enter (the water) up to their knees (to drink).
1.037.11 They drive before them in their course, the long, vast, uninjurable, rain-retaining cloud.
1.037.12 Maruts, as you have vigour, invogorate mankind; give animation to the clouds.
1.037.13 Wherever the Maruts pass, they fill the way with clamour; every one hears their (noise).
1.037.14 Come quickly, with your swift (vehicles); the offerings of the kan.vas are prepared; be pleased with them.
1.037.15 The offering is prepared for your gratification; we are your (worshipper), that we may live all our life.
r.s.i: kan.va ghaura; devata_: marudgan.a; chanda: ga_yatri_ kd£ x? nU/n< k?xiày> ip/ta pu/Ç< n hSt?yae> ,
d/ix/Xve v&?bihR;> . 1-038-01
Kv nU/n< kd£ vae/ Aw¡/ gNta? id/vae n p&?iw/Vya> ,
Kv vae/ gavae/ n r?{yiNt . 1-038-02
Kv v> su/ça nVya<?is/ mé?t>/ Kv suiv/ta ,
Kvae ivña?in/ saE-?ga . 1-038-03
yd£ yU/ym! p&?iîmatrae/ mtaR?s>/ Syat?n ,
Stae/ta vae? A/m&t>? Syat! . 1-038-04
ma vae? m&/gae n yv?se jir/ta -U/d£ Ajae?:y> ,
p/wa y/mSy? ga/d£ %p? . 1-038-05
mae ;u [>/ pra?-pra/ in\R?itr£ Ê/hR[a? vxIt! ,
p/dI/ò t&:[?ya s/h . 1-038-06
s/Ty< Tve/;a Am?vNtae/ xNv?|! ic/d£ Aa é/iÔya?s> ,
imh<? k«{vNTy! Ava/tam! . 1-038-07
va/ïev? iv/*un! im?mait v/Ts< n ma/ta is?;i ,
yd£ @?;a< v&/iòr£ As?ijR . 1-038-08
idva? ic/t! tm>? k«{viNt p/jRNye?naedva/hen? ,
yt! p&?iw/vI Vyu/NdiNt? . 1-038-09
Ax? Sv/nan! m/éta</ ivñ/m! Aa sÒ/ paiwR?vm! ,
Are?jNt/ à manu?;a> . 1-038-10
mé?tae vI¦upa/i[i-?z! ic/Ça raex?SvtI/r£ Anu? ,
ya/tem! Aio?Ôyami-> . 1-038-11
iSw/ra v>? sNtu ne/myae/ rwa/ Aña?s @;am! ,
sus<?Sk«ta A/-Iz?v> . 1-038-12
ACDa? vda/ tna? ig/ra j/rayE/ äü?[/s! pit?m! ,
A/i¶m! im/Ç< n d?zR/tm! . 1-038-13
im/mI/ih ðaek?m! Aa/Sye p/jRNy? #v ttn> ,
gay? gay/Çm! %/KWym! . 1-038-14
vNd?Sv/ maé?t< g/[< Tve/;m! p?n/Syum! A/ikR[?m! ,
A/Sme v&/Ïa A?sÚ! #/h . 1-038-151.038.01 Maruts, who are fond of praise, and for whom the sacred grass is trimmed, when will you take us by both hands as a father does his son?
1.038.02 Where indeed are you (at present)? When will your arrival take place? Pass from the heaven, not from the earth. Where do they worship you cry (to you) like cattle?
1.038.03 Where, Maruts, are your new treasures? Where your valuable (riches)? Where all your auspicious (gifts)? [sumna_, suvita_, saubhaga: offspring and cattle, jewels and gold, horses, elephants and the like].
1.038.04 That you, sons of Pr.s'ni, may become mortals, and your panegyrist become immortal. [pr.s'ni = dhenu, a cow].
1.038.05 Never may your worshipper be indifferent to you, as a deer (is never indifferent) to pasture, so that he may not tread the path of Yama.
1.037.06 Let not the most powerful and indestructible Nirr.ti destroy us; let him perish with our (evil) desires.
1.038.07 In truth the brilliant and vigorous Maruts, cherishes by Rudra, send down rain without wind upon the desert. [rudriya_sah: rudrasya ime, those who belong to Rudra; rudren.a pa_litah, protected by Rudra].
1.038.08 The lightning roars like a parent cow that bellows for its calf, and hence the rain is set free by the Maruts.
1.038.09 They spread darkness over the day by a water-bearing cloud, and thence inundate the earth.
1.038.10 At the roaring of the Maruts, every dwelling of earth (shakes), and men also tremble.
1.038.11 Maruts, with strong hands, come along the beautifully-embanked rivers, with obstructed progress.
1.038.12 May the felloes of your wheels be firm; may your cars and their steeds be steady, and your fingers well-skilled (to hold the reins).
1.038.13 Declare in our presence, (priests), with voice attuned to praise Brahman.aspati (lord of the sacriricial food), Agni and the beautiful Mitra.
1.038.14 Utter the verse that is in your mouths, spread it out like a cloud spreading rain; chant the measured hymn.
1.038.15 Glorify the host of Maruts, brilliant, deserving of praise, entitled to adoration; may they be exalted by this our worship.
r.s.i: kan.va ghaura; devata_: marudgan.a; chanda: ba_rhata praga_tha (vis.ama_ br.hati_ sama_sato br.hati_) à yd£ #/Twa p?ra/vt>? zae/icr£ n man/m! ASy?w ,
kSy/ ³Tva? mét>/ kSy/ vpR?sa/ k< ya?w/ k< h? xUty> . 1-039-01
iSw/ra v>? s/NTv! Aayu?xa pra/[ude? vI/¦U %/t à?it/:k-e? ,
yu/:mak?m! AStu/ tiv?;I/ pnI?ysI/ ma mTyR?Sy ma/iyn>? . 1-039-02
pra? h/ yt! iSw/r< h/w nrae? v/tRy?wa gu/é ,
iv ya?wn v/inn>? p&iw/Vya Vy! Aaza>/ pvR?tanam! . 1-039-03
n/ih v>/ zÇu?r£ iviv/de Aix/ *iv/ n -UMya<? irzads> ,
yu/:mak?m! AStu/ tiv?;I/ tna? yu/ja éÔa?sae/ nU ic?d£ Aa/x&;e? . 1-039-04
à ve?pyiNt/ pvR?ta/n! iv iv?ÂiNt/ vn/SptI?n! ,
àae Aa?rt métae Ê/mRda? #v/ deva?s>/ svR?ya iv/za . 1-039-05
%pae/ rwe?;u/ p&;?tIr£ AyuGXv/m! àiò?r£ vhit/ raeih?t> ,
Aa vae/ yama?y p&iw/vI ic?d£ Aïae/d£ AbI?-yNt/ manu?;a> . 1-039-06
Aa vae? m/]U tna?y/ k< éÔa/ Avae? v&[Imhe ,
gNta? nU/n< nae =?vsa/ ywa? pu/reTwa k{va?y ib/_yu;e? . 1-039-07
yu/:mei;?tae métae/ mTyêR?i;t/ Aa yae nae/ A_v/ $;?te ,
iv t< yu?yaet/ zv?sa/ Vy! Aaej?sa/ iv yu/:maka?i-r£ ^/iti->? . 1-039-08
Asa?im/ ih à?yJyv>/ k{v<? d/d à?cets> ,
Asa?imi-r£ mét/ Aa n? ^/iti-/r£ gNta? v&/iò< n iv/*ut>? . 1-039-09
Asa/My! Aaejae? ib-&wa sudan/vae =?saim xUty>/ zv>? ,
\/i;/iÖ;e? mét> pirm/Nyv/ #;u</ n s&?jt/ iÖ;?m! . 1-039-101.039.01 When Maruts, who make (all things) tremble, you direct your awful (vigour) downwards from afar, as light (descends from heaven), by whose worship by whose praise (are you attracted)? to what (place of sacrifice), to whom, indeed, do you repair?
1.039.02 Strong be your weapons for driving away (your) foes, firm in resisting them; yours be the strength that merits praise, not (the strength) of a treacherous mortal.
1.039.03 Directing Maruts, when you demolish what is stable, when you scatter what is ponderous, then you make your way through the forest (trees) of earth and the defiles of the mountains.
1.039.04 Destroyers of foes, no adversary of yours is known above the heavens, nor (is any) upon earth; may your collective strength be quickly exerted, sons of Rudra, to humble (your enemies). [rudra_sah: rudra-putrah, sons of Rudra, perhaps a reference to the protection by Rudra].
1.039.05 They make the mountains tremble, they drive apart the forest-trees. Go, divine Maruts, whither you will, with all your progeny, like those intoxicated.
1.039.06 You have harnessed the spotted deer to your chariot; the red deer yoked between them, (aids to) drag the car; the firmament listens for your coming, and men are alarmed. [pr.s.ati_ = spotted deer (steeds of Maruts); the text says: pras.t.irvahati rohita; pras.t.ih = a kind of yoke, in the middle of three steeds harnessed to a car; rohita = a red deer which bears (vahati) or drags the car (ratham nayati).
1.039.07 Rudras, we have recourse to your assistance for the sake of our progeny; come quickly to the timid Kan.va, as you formerly came, for our protection.
1.039.08 Should any adversary, instigated by you, or by man, assail us, withhold from him food and strength and your assistance.
1.039.09 Pracetasas, who are to be unreservedly worshipped, uphold (the sacrificer) Kan.va; come to us, Maruts, with undivided protective assistance, as the lightning (bring) the rain. [pracetas: an epithet: pra (those possessed of superior) cetas (intellect).
1.039.10 Bounteous givers, you enjoy unimpaired vigour; shakers (of the earth), you possess undiminished strength; Maruts, let loose your anger, like an arrow, upon the wrathful enemy of the r.s.is.
r.s.i: kan.va ghaura; devata_: brahmn.aspati; chanda: ba_rhata praga_tha (vis.ama br.hati_, sama_satobr.hati_) %t! it?ó äü[s! pte dev/yNt?s! Tvemhe ,
%p/ à y?Ntu m/ét>? su/dan?v/ #NÔ? àa/zUr£ -?va/ sca? . 1-040-01
Tvam! #d£ ix s?hss! puÇ/ mTyR? %päU/te xne? ih/te ,
su/vIyR?m! mét/ Aa SvZVy</ dxI?t/ yae v? Aac/ke . 1-040-02
àEtu/ äü?[/s! pit>/ à de/Vy! @tu sU/n&ta? ,
ACDa? vI/r< nyR?m! p/ira?xs< de/va y/}< n?yNtu n> . 1-040-03
yae va/"te/ dda?it sU/nr</ vsu/ s x?Äe/ Ai]?it/ ïv>? ,
tSma/ #¦a<? su/vIra/m! Aa y?jamhe su/àtU?itRm! Ane/hs?m! . 1-040-04
à nU/nm! äü?[/s! pit/r£ mÙ<? vdTy! %/KWym! ,
yiSm/Ú! #NÔae/ vé?[ae im/Çae A?yR/ma de/va Aaeka<?is ci³/re . 1-040-05
tm! #d£ vae?cema iv/dwe?;u z/M-uv/m! mÙ<? deva Ane/hs?m! ,
#/ma< c/ vac?m! àit/hyR?wa nrae/ ivñed£ va/ma vae? Aîvt! . 1-040-06
kae de?v/yNt?m! Aîv/j! jn</ kae v&/b?ihR;m! ,
à-à? da/ñan! p/STyai-r£ AiSwtaNt/vaRv/t! ]y<? dxe . 1-040-07
%p? ]/Çm! p&?ÂI/t hiNt/ raj?i-r£ -/ye ic?t! sui]/it< d?xe ,
naSy? v/taR n t?é/ta m?hax/ne na-êR? AiSt v/i¿[>? . 1-040-081.040.01 Rise us, Brhman.aspati; devoted to the gods, we solicit you, bounteous Maruts, be nigh at hand; Indra, be a partaker fo the libation. [Earlier Brahman.aspati was a form of Agni; now he is associated with the Maruts].
1.040.02 Man celebrates you, son of strength, for the wealth abandoned (by the foe). Maruts, may be who praises you obtain wealth, yielding excellent steeds and eminent vigour. [sahasasputra: balasya bahupa_laka, the abundant protector of strength].
1.040.03 May Brahman.aspati approach us; may the goddess, speaker of truth, approach us; may the gods (drive away) every adversary, and present, conduct us to the sacrifice which is beneficial to man, and (abounds) with respectably-presented offerings. [devi sunr.ta_ = goddess of speech or va_k devata_; she is priyasatyaru_pa, lover of truth, a form of Sarasvati_].
1.040.04 He who presents to the ministrant (priest) wealth fit to be accepted, enjoys inexhaustible abundance; for him we worship, Il.a_, attended by brave warriors, inflicting much injury, receiving none. [manoh putri_ = daughter of Manu, the institutrix of sacrifices; Il.a_ is sobhanair-vi_rair-bhat.air-yukta = accompanied by excellent heroes, hence suvi_ra_].
1.040.05 Verily Brahman.aspati proclaims the sacred prayer, in which the divinities, Indra, Varun.a, Mitra and Aryaman, have made their abode. [This and the next verse are to be recited at Agnis.t.oma as prayers to Indra and the Maruts. Hota_ recites the prayer (mantra) aloud (pravadati), by the mouth (ukthya); in the mantra, Indra and the other deva_s rest. The next verse explains how the mantra brings them to the presence of the worshipper: indra_di-sarvadevata_pratipa_dakam mantram].
1.040.06 Let us recite, gods, that felicitous and faultless prayer at sacrifices; if you, leaders, desire (to hear) this prayer, then will all that is to be spoken reach unto you.
1.040.07 Who, (except Brahman.aspati), may approach the man who is devoted to the gods, by whom the clipped sacred grass is spread; the giver of the oblation has proceeded with the priests (to the hall of sacrifice), for he has a dwelling (abounding) internally with precious things.
1.040.08 Let Brahman.aspati concentrate his strength associated with the regal (divinities), he slays (the foe); in the time of danger he maintains his station; armed with the thunderbolt, there is no encourager nor discourager of him in a great battle or a small. [The thunderbolt identifies Indra].
r.s.i: kan.va ghaura; devata_: varun.a, mitra and aryama_; 4-6 a_dityagan.a; chanda: ga_yatri_ y< r]?iNt/ àce?tsae/ vé?[ae im/Çae A?yR/ma ,
nU ic/t! s d?_yte/ jn>? . 1-041-01
ym! ba/÷te?v/ ipà?it/ paiNt/ mTy¡? ir/;> ,
Air?ò>/ svR? @xte . 1-041-02
iv Ê/gaR iv iÖ;>? pu/rae ¹iNt/ raja?n @;am! ,
ny?iNt Êir/ta it/r> . 1-041-03
su/g> pNwa? An&]/r Aaid?Tyas \/t< y/te ,
naÇa?voa/dae A?iSt v> . 1-041-04
y< y/}< ny?wa nr/ Aaid?Tya \/juna? p/wa ,
à v>/ s xI/tye? nzt! . 1-041-05
s rÆ/m! mTyaêR/ vsu/ ivñ<? tae/km! %/t Tmna? ,
ACDa? gCD/Ty! ASt&?t> . 1-041-06
k/wa ra?xam soay/ Staem?m! im/ÇSya?yR/M[> ,
mih/ Psrae/ vé?[Sy . 1-041-07
ma vae/ ¹Nt/m! ma zp?Nt/m! àit? vaece dev/yNt?m! ,
su/çEr£ #d£ v/ Aa iv?vase . 1-041-08
c/tur?z! ic/d£ dd?manad£ ib-I/yad£ Aa inxa?tae> ,
n Ê?é/ay? Sp&hyet! . 1-041-091.041.01 The man whom the wise Varun.a, Mitra and Aryaman protect quickly subdues (his foes). [The su_kta is addressed to the three a_dityas: varun.a, mitra and aryama_, sons of Aditi, wife of Kas'yapa].
1.041.02 Hw whom they heap (with riches), as if (collected) by his own arms; the man whom they defend from the malignant; every such man, safe from injury, prospers.
1.041.03 The kings (Varun.a etc.) first destroy their strongholds, and then the foes of those (who worship him), and put aside their evil deeds.
1.041.04 A_dityas, to you repairing to the sacrifice, the path is easy and free from thorns; no unworthy oblation is here prepared for you.
1.041.05 A_dityas, guides, may the sacrifice which you come to by a straight path, be to you for your gratification.
1.041.06 That mortal (whom you favour), exempt from harm, obtains all valuable wealth, and offspring like himself.
1.041.07 How, my friends, shall we recite priase (worthy) of the great glory of Mitra, Varun.a and Aryaman?
1.041.08 I do not denounce to you him who assails or reviles the man devoted to the gods. I rather propitiate you with offered wealth.
1.041.09 For he (the worshipper) loves not, but fears to speak evil (of any one), as a gamester fears (his adversary) holding the four (dice), until they are thrown. [caturas'cid dadama_na_d vibhi_ya_d-a_-nidha_toh, he may fear from one holding four until the fail; explained as: caturo aks.a_n dha_rayatah kitavat = from a gambler holding four dice. The dice are four cowrie shells, kapardakah].
r.s.i: kan.vaghaura; devata_: pu_s.a_; chanda: ga_yatri_ sm! pU?;/Ú! AXv?ns! itr/ Vy! A<hae? ivmucae npat! ,
súva? dev/ à [?s! pu/r> . 1-042-01
yae n>? pU;Ú! A/"ae v&kae? Ê>/zev? Aa/idde?zit ,
Ap? Sm/ tm! p/wae j?ih . 1-042-02
Ap/ Tym! p?irp/iNwn?m! mu;I/va[<? ÷r/iít?m! ,
Ë/rm! Aix? öu/ter£ A?j . 1-042-03
Tv< tSy? Öya/ivnae? =/"z<?sSy/ kSy? ict! ,
p/dai- it?ó/ tpu?i;m! . 1-042-04
Aa tt! te? dö mNtum>/ pU;/Ú! Avae? v&[Imhe ,
yen? ip/t¨n! Acae?dy> . 1-042-05
Axa? nae ivñsaE-g/ ihr?{yvazImÄm ,
xna?in su/;[a? k«ix . 1-042-06
Ait? n> s/ítae? ny su/ga n>? su/pwa? k«[u ,
pU;?Ú! #/h ³tu<? ivd> . 1-042-07
A/i- sU/yv?s< ny/ n n?vJva/rae AXv?ne ,
pU;?Ú! #/h ³tu<? ivd> . 1-042-08
z/iGx pU/ixR à y<?is c izzI/ih àaSy! %/dr?m! ,
pU;?Ú! #/h ³tu<? ivd> . 1-042-09
n pU/;[?m! mewamis sU/Er£ A/i- g&?[Imis ,
vsU?in d/Smm! $?mhe . 1-042-101.042.01 Pu_s.anm convey us over the road, remove the wicked (obsructer of the way). Son of the cloud, deity, go before us. [ pu_s.an is one of the 12 a_dityas. He presides over the earth: pr.thivya_bhima_ni_ devah; he cherishes the world: fr. pus', to nourish. He presides over journeying or the roads].
1.042.02 If a wicked (adversary), Pu_s.an, a robber, or one who delights in evil, points out to us (the way we ought not to go), do you drive him from the road.
1.042.03 Drive him far away, apart fom the road, the hinderer of our journey, a thief, a deceiver.
1.042.04 Trample with your feet upon the mischievous (body) of that evil-minded pilferer of both (what is present and what is absent), whoever he be.
1.042.05 Sagacious and handsome Pu_s.an, we solicit of you that protection wherewith you have encouraged the patriarchs.
1.042.06 Therefore do you, who are possessed of all prosperity and well-equipped with golden weapons, bestow upon us riches that may be liberally distributed.
1.042.07 Lead us past our opponents; conduct us by an easy path; know, Pu_s.an, how to protect us on this (journey). [The refrain in this and the next two hymns: pu_s.an iha kratum vidah: Pu_s.an, know here, the act or business (act of sacrifice); on this occasion or journey, know how to fulfill your function of giving us protection].
1.042.08 Lead us where there is abundant fodder; let there be no extreme heat by the way; Pu_s.an, know to protect us on this (journey).
1.042.09 Be favourable to us, fill us (with abundance), give us (all goood things), sharpen us (with vigour), fill our bellies, Pu_s.an, know how to protect us on this (journey).
1.042.10 We do not censure Pu_s.an, but praise him with hymns; we solicit the good-looking (Pu_s.an) for riches.
r.s.i: kan.va ghaura; devata_: rudra, 3 rudra, mitra_varun.a, 7-9 soma; chanda: ga_yatri_, 9 anus.t.up kd£ é/Ôay/ àce?tse mI/¦£÷ò?may/ tVy?se ,
vae/cem/ z<t?m< ù/de . 1-043-01
ywa? nae/ Aid?it>/ kr/t! pñe/ n&_yae/ ywa/ gve? ,
ywa? tae/kay? é/iÔy?m! . 1-043-02
ywa? nae im/Çae vé?[ae/ ywa? é/Ôz! icke?tit ,
ywa/ ivñe? s/jae;?s> . 1-043-03
ga/wp?itm! me/xp?it< é/Ô< jla?;-e;jm! ,
tc! D</yae> su/çm! $?mhe . 1-043-04
y> zu/³ #?v/ sUyaêR/ ihr?{ym! #v/ raec?te ,
ïeóae? de/vana</ vsu>? . 1-043-05
z< n>? kr/Ty! AvR?te su/gm! me/;ay? me/:ye ,
n&_yae/ nair?_yae/ gve? . 1-043-06
A/Sme sae?m/ iïy/m! Aix/ in xe?ih z/tSy? n&/[am! ,
mih/ ïv?s! tuivn&/M[m! . 1-043-07
ma n>? saempir/baxae/ mara?tyae ju÷rNt ,
Aa n? #Ndae/ vaje? -j . 1-043-08
yas! te? à/ja A/m&t?Sy/ pr?iSm/n! xam?Ú! \/tSy? ,
mU/xaR na-a? saem ven Aa/-U;?NtI> saem ved> . 1-043-091.043.01 When may we repeat a most grateful hymn to the wise, the most bountiful and mighty Rudra, who is (cherished) in our hearts? [Rudra means, he who makes to weep, who causes all the weep at the end of time; he thus gets identified with the principle of destruction, or S'iva; in this Su_kta he presides over medicinal plants and is a beneficent deity].
1.043.02 By which earth may (be induced to) grant the gifts of Rudra to our cattle, our people, our cows, and our progeny. [Aditi = earth who acts (karat) so that Rudri_ya may be obtained. Rudri_ya = rudra sambandhi bhes.ajam, medicines presided over by Rudra; ya te rudra s'iva tanuh, s'iva vis'va ha, bhes.aji s'iva, rudrasya bhes.ajiti: whatever are your auspicious forms, O Rudra, they are all auspicious; auspicious are medicaments, the medicaments of Rudra].
1.043.03 By which Mitra and Varun.a, and Rudra and all the gods, being gratified, may show us (favour).
1.043.04 We ask the felicity of S'am.yu, from Rudra, the encourager of hymns, the protector of sacrifices, possessed of medicaments that confer delight. [S'am.yu is the son of Br.haspati. ja = one born; las.a = happiness; jala_s.abhes.ajam = he who has medicament conferring delight; cf. abhila_s.a].
1.043.05 Who is so brilliant as S'am.yu, who gratifies like gold, the best of the gods, the provider of habitations?
1.043.06 Who bestows easily-obtained happiness on our steeds, our rams, our ewes, our men, our women, and our cows?
1.043.07 Soma, grant us prosperity more than (sufficient for) a hundred men, and much strength-engendering food.
1.043.08 Let not the adversaries of Soma, let not our enemies, harm us; cherish us, Indra, with (abundant) food.
1.043.09 Soma, who are immortal, and abide in an excellent dwelling, have regard for your subjects, when at their head in the hall of sacrifice you observe them (engaed in) decorating you.
r.s.i: praskan.va ka_n.va; devata_: agni, 1-2 agni, as'vini_kuma_ra, us.a_; chanda: ba_rhata praga_tha (vis.ama_ br.hati_, sama_sato br.hati_) Anuva_ka IX A¶e/ ivv?Svd£ %/;s?z! ic/Ç< raxae? AmTyR ,
Aa da/zu;e? jatvedae vha/ Tvm! A/*a de/vaç %?;/buRx>? . 1-044-01
juòae/ ih Ë/tae Ais? hVy/vah/nae =?¶e r/wIr£ A?Xv/ra[a?m! ,
s/jUr£ A/iñ_ya?m! %/;sa? su/vIyR?m! A/Sme xe?ih/ ïvae? b&/ht! . 1-044-02
A/*a Ë/t< v&?[Imhe/ vsu?m! A/i¶m! pu?éià/ym! ,
xU/mke?tu/m! -a\?jIk</ Vyuiò;u y/}ana?m! AXvr/iïy?m! . 1-044-03
ïeó</ yiv?ó/m! Ait?iw</ Sva÷t</ juò</ jna?y da/zu;e? ,
de/vaç ACDa/ yat?ve ja/tve?dsm! A/i¶m! $?¦e/ Vyuiò;u . 1-044-04
St/iv/:yaim/ Tvam! A/h< ivñ?Syam&t -aejn ,
A¶e? Ça/tar?m! A/m&t?m! imyeXy/ yij?ó< hVyvahn . 1-044-05
su/z<sae? baeix g&[/te y?ivó(/ mxu?ijþ>/ Sva÷t> ,
àSk?{vSy àit/rÚ! Aayu?r£ jI/vse? nm/Sya dEVy</ jn?m! . 1-044-06
haeta?r< iv/ñve?ds</ s< ih Tva/ ivz? #/Nxte? ,
s Aa v?h puéøt/ àce?t/sae =?¶e de/vaç #/h Ô/vt! . 1-044-07
s/iv/tar?m! %/;s?m! A/iñna/ -g?m! A/i¶< Vyuiò;u/ ]p>? ,
k{va?ss! Tva su/tsae?mas #Nxte hVy/vah<? SvXvr . 1-044-08
pit/r£ ý! AXv/ra[a/m! A¶e? Ë/tae iv/zam! Ais? ,
%/;/buRx/ Aa v?h/ saem?pItye de/vaç A/* Sv/Ôü#Rz>? . 1-044-09
A¶e/ pUvaR/ AnU/;sae? iv-avsae dI/dew? iv/ñd?zRt> ,
Ais/ ¢ame?:v! Aiv/ta pu/raeih/tae =?is y/}e;u/ manu?;> . 1-044-10
in Tva? y/}Sy/ sax?n/m! A¶e/ haeta?rm! \/iTvj?m! ,
m/nu/:vd£ de?v xImih/ àce?ts< jI/r< Ë/tm! Am?TyRm! . 1-044-11
yd£ de/vana?m! imÇmh> pu/raeih/tae =?Ntrae/ yais? Ë/Tym! ,
isNxae?r£ #v/ àSv?intas ^/mRyae? =/¶er£ æa?jNte A/cRy>? . 1-044-12
ïu/ix ïu?Tk[R/ viû?i-r£ de/vEr£ A?¶e s/yav?i-> ,
Aa sI?dNtu b/ihRi;? im/Çae A?yR/ma àa?t/yaRva?[ae AXv/rm! . 1-044-13
z&/{vNtu/ Staem?m! m/ét>? su/dan?vae =i¶ij/þa \?ta/v&x>? ,
ipb?tu/ saem</ vé?[ae x&/tì?tae =/iñ_ya?m! %/;sa? s/jU> . 1-044-141.044.01 Agni, who are immortal, and cognisant of all begotten things, bring from the dawn to the donor (of the oblation) wealth of many sorts, with an excellent habitation; bring hither today the gods awaking with the morning.
1.044.02 For you, Agni, are the accepted messenger of the gods, the bearer of oblations, the vehicle of sacrifices; associated with Us.as and the As'vins, bestow upon us abundant and invigorating food. [rathir adhvara_n.a_m: ratha stha_ni_ya, in the place of a chariot].
1.044.03 We select today Agni, the messenger, the giver of dwellings, the beloved of many, the smoke-bannered, the light-shedding, the protector of the worship of the worshipper at the break of day.
1.044.04 I praise Agni at the break of day, the best and youngest (of the gods), the guest (of man), the universally-invoked, who is friendly to the man that offers (oblations), who knows all that are born, that he may go (to bring) the other divinities.
1.044.05 Agni, immortal sustainer of the universe, bearer of oblations, deserving of adoration, I will praise you, who are exempt from death, the preserver of the sacrificer.
1.044.06 Juvenile Agni, whose flames delight, who ar euniversally invoked, and are praised (by us) on behalf of the worshipper, understand (our wishes), and granting Praskan.va to live a lengthened life, do honour to the divine man. [namasya_ daivyam janam, i.e. the r.s.i of the hymn, Praskan.va].
1.044.07 All people kindle you, Agni, the sacrificer, the omniscient; do you, Agni, who are invoked by many, quickly bring hither the sapient deities.
1.044.08 Object of holy rites, (bring hither) on the dawn following the night, Savita_, Us.as and As'vins, Bhaga and Agni; the Kan.vas pouring out libations, kindle the water of the burnt offering. [svadhvara, fr. su (good) and adhvara (sacrifice), hence equated with the a_havani_ya fire].
1.044.09 You, Agni, are the protector of the sacrifices of the people, and the messenger (of the gods); bring hither today the gods awaking at dawn, and contemplating the sun, to drink the Soma juice.
1.044.10 Resplendent Agni, visible to all, you have blazed after many preceding dawns, you are the protector (of people) in villages, you are the associate of man placed on the east (of the altar). [Man placed on the east: purohita = the domestic priest].
1.044.11 We place you, Agni, as Manu placed you, who are the implement of sacrifice, the invoker, the ministering priest, very wise, the destroyer (of foes), immortal, the messenger (of the gods).
1.044.12 When, cherisher of friends, you are present as the Purohita at a sacrifice, and discharge the mission of the gods, then your flames roar like the resounding billows of the ocean.
1.044.13 Agni, with sharp ears, hear me; let Mitra and Aryaman, and Aryaman, and (other) early-stirring deities, with all the accompanying oblation-bearing gods, sit down at the sacrifice upon the sacred grass.
1.044.14 Let the munificent Maruts, who have tongues of fire, and are encouragers of sacrifice, hear our praise; let the rite-fulfilling Varun.a, with the As'vins, and with Us.as, drink the Soma juice.
r.s.i: praskan.va ka_n.va; devata_: agni, 10 uttara_rddha-devagan.a; chanda: anus.t.up Tvm! A?¶e/ vsU?çr£ #/h é/Ôaç Aa?id/Tyaç %/t ,
yja? SvXv/r< jn/m! mnu?jat< "&t/àu;?m! . 1-045-01
ïu/òI/vanae/ ih da/zu;e? de/va A?¶e/ ivce?ts> ,
tan! rae?ihdñ igvR[/s! Çy?iô<zt/m! Aa v?h . 1-045-02
ià/y/me/x/vd£ A?iÇ/vj! jat?vedae ivêp/vt! ,
A/i¼/r/Svn! m?ihìt/ àSk?{vSy ïuxI/ hv?m! . 1-045-03
mih?kerv ^/tye? ià/yme?xa Aø;t ,
raj?Ntm! AXv/ra[a?m! A/i¶< zu/³e[? zae/ic;a? . 1-045-04
"&ta?hvn sNTye/ma %/ ;u ïu?xI/ igr>? ,
yai->/ k{v?Sy sU/nvae/ hv/Nte =?vse Tva . 1-045-05
Tva< ic?ÇïvStm/ hv?Nte iv/]u j/Ntv>? ,
zae/ic:ke?zm! puéià/ya¶e? h/Vyay/ vae¦£h?ve . 1-045-06
in Tva/ haeta?rm! \/iTvj<? dix/re v?su/ivÄ?mm! ,
ïuTk?[¡ s/àw?Stm</ ivàa? A¶e/ idiv?iò;u . 1-045-07
Aa Tva/ ivàa? AcuCyvu> su/tsae?ma A/i- ày>? ,
b&/hd£ -a ibæ?tae h/ivr£ A¶e/ mtaR?y da/zu;e? . 1-045-08
àa/t/yaRV[>? shSk«t saem/peya?y sNTy ,
#/ha* dEVy</ jn?m! b/ihRr£ Aa sa?dya vsae . 1-045-09
A/vaRÂ</ dEVy</ jn/m! A¶e/ yúv/ sø?iti-> ,
A/y< saem>? sudanv/s! tm! pa?t it/rae?ûüym! . 1-045-101.045.01 Agni, do you, in this our rite, worship the Vasus, the Rudras, the A_dityas, or any other (living) being sprung from Manu, sacrificing well and sprinkling water. [janam: manu-ja_tam, a man born of Manu Jana; signifying a divine being in connection with the enumerated deities, another man, devata_ ru_pa of a divine nature or form].
1.045.02 Verily the discriminating gods are givers of rewards to the offerer (of oblations); lord of red coursers, propitiated by our praises, bring hither the three and thirty divinities. [Aitareya Bra_hman.a, 2,18 refes to two classes of 33 divinities each; the first one are Somapa_s (drinkers of Soma); and the second are personifications of sacrifices: 11 praya_jas, 11 anuya_jas, 11 upaya_jas (propitiated with oblations of clarified butter, not libations of Soma)].
1.045.03 Agni, accomplisher of solemn acts, cognisant of all who are born, hear the invocation of praskan.va, as you have heard those of Priyamedha of Atri, of Viru_pa, of An:giras. [All are r.s.is. Atri and An:giras are among the Praja_patis. Priyamedhas = Priyavrata, son of Svayambhuva Mnau; Viru_pa, an early descendant of Vaivasvata Manu, the father of Il.a_, the Manu of the Veda; Vis.n.u Pura_n.a, pp. 53 and 359].
1.045.04 The performers of great ceremonies, the offerers of acceptable sacrifices, have invoked for (their protection), Agni, shining amidst the solemnities, with pure resplendence.
1.045.05 Invoked by oblations, giver of rewards, listen to these praises with which the sons of Kan.va invoke you for protection.
1.045.06 Agni, granter of abundant sustenance, who are beloved of many, the sons of men invoke you, radiant-haired, to bear the oblation (to the gods).
1.045.07 The wise have placed you, Agni, in (their) sacrifices as the invoker, the ministrant priest, the donor of vast wealth, the quick-hearing the far-renowned.
1.045.08 The wise (priests), with effused libations of Soma juice, have summoned you, vast and brilliant Agni, to partake of the (sacrificial food) as they hold the oblation on the part of the individual who presents it.
1.045.09 Strength-generated, giver of rewards, provider of dwellings, place here today upon the sacred grass the morning-moving deities, or (other) deified being, to drink the Soma juice. [strength-generated: an apparent reference to production of fire by friction].
1.045.10 Worship with conjoint invocations, Agni, the present deified being; bounteous divinities, this is the Soma juice; drink it, for it was yesterday expressed. [tiro-ahnyam: an epithet of the prepared Soma; tiras: oblique or indirect, ahnyam: diurnal; a reference to Soma of the preceding day offered on the succeeding day. In this and the previous hymn, the allusion is to some divine or deified person, daivyam janam].
r.s.i: praskan.va ka_nva; devata_: as'vini_kuma_ra; chanda: ga_yatri_ @/;ae %/;a ApU?VyaR/ Vy! %CDit ià/ya id/v> ,
Stu/;e va?m! Aiñna b&/ht! . 1-046-01
ya d/öa isNxu?matra mnae/tra? ryI/[am! ,
ix/ya de/va v?su/ivda? . 1-046-02
v/CyNte? va< kkà/hasae? jU/[aRya/m! Aix? iv/òip? ,
yd£ va</ rwae/ ivi-/;! pta?t! . 1-046-03
h/iv;a? ja/rae A/pam! ipp?itR/ ppu?irr£ nra ,
ip/ta kàq?Sy c;R/i[> . 1-046-04
Aa/da/rae va?m! mtI/na< nas?Tya mtvcsa ,
pa/t< saem?Sy x&:[u/ya . 1-046-05
ya n>/ pIp?rd£ Aiñna/ Jyaeit?:mtI/ tm?s! it/r> ,
tam! A/Sme ra?sawa/m! #;?m! . 1-046-06
Aa nae? na/va m?tI/na< ya/tm! pa/ray/ gNt?ve ,
yu/Ãawa?m! Aiñna/ rw?m! . 1-046-07
A/irÇ<? va< id/vs! p&/wu tI/wêR isNxU?na</ rw>? ,
ix/ya yu?yu¿/ #Nd?v> . 1-046-08
id/vs! k?{vas/ #Nd?vae/ vsu/ isNxU?nam! p/de ,
Sv< v/iì< kàh? ixTsw> . 1-046-09
A-U?d£ %/ -a %? A</zve/ ihr?{y/m! àit/ sUyR>? ,
Vy! AOyj! ij/þyais?t> . 1-046-10
A-U?d£ % pa/rm! @t?ve/ pNwa? \/tSy? saxu/ya ,
Ad?izR/ iv öu/itr£ id/v> . 1-046-11
tT-t/d£ #d£ A/iñnae/r£ Avae? jir/ta àit? -U;it ,
mde/ saem?Sy/ ipà?tae> . 1-046-12
va/v/sa/na iv/vSv?it/ saem?Sy pI/Tya ig/ra ,
m/nu/:vc! D?M-U/ Aa g?tm! . 1-046-13
yu/vaer£ %/;a Anu/ iïy/m! pir?Jmnaer£ %/pac?rt! ,
\/ta v?nwae A/ài->? . 1-046-14
%/-a ip?btm! Aiñnae/-a n>/ zmR? yCDtm! ,
A/iv/iÔ/yai-?r£ ^/iti->? . 1-046-151.046.01 The beloved Us.as, until now unseen, scatters darkness from the sky; As'vins, I greatly praise you.
1.046.02 Who are divine, of pleasing appearance, children of the sea, willing dispensers of wealth, and granters of dwellings (in recompense of) pious acts. [sindhu-ma_tarau; the sun and the moon, born of the sea, samudra-jau].
1.046.03 Since your chariot proceeds, (drawn) by your steeds, above the glorious heavens, your praises are proclaimed (by us).
1.046.04 (As'vins); guides; the sun, (the evaporator) of the waters, the nourisher, the protector and beholder of the (solemn) rite, nourishes (the gods) with our oblation.
1.046.05 Na_satyas, accepting our praises, partake of the exhilarating Soma, the animator of your minds.
1.046.06 As'vins, grant us that invigorating food which may satisfy us, having dispelled the gloom (of want). [The text has: tamastirah, 'dispenser of darkness'; darkness signifying poverty: daridrya rupandhaka_rah].
1.046.07 Come as a ship, to bear us over an ocean of praises; harness, As'vins, your car.
1.046.08 Your vessel, vaster than the sky, stops on the seashore; your chariot (waits on the land); the drops (of Soma) are expressed for yor worship.
1.046.09 Kan.vas (ask this of the As'vins); (How) do the rays (of the sun proceed) from the sky? (How) does the dawn (rise) in the region of the waters? Where do you desire to manifest your own persons? [Lit. the text is: 'Rays from the sky, Kan.vas, cause of dwelling in the place of the rivers; where do you wish to place own form?' The added assumption is that Kan.vas are asked to inquire of the As'vins the questions posed in the translation].
1.046.10 There was light to irradiate the dawn; the sun (rose) like god; the fire shone with darkened flames.
1.046.11 A fit path was made for the sun to go beyond the boundary (of night); the radiance of the luminary became visible.
1.046.12 The worshipper acknowledges whatever boon he receives from the As'vins, satiate with the enjoyment of Soma.
1.046.13 Causers of felicity, co-dwellers with your worshipper, as with Manu come hither to drink of Soma, and (accept) our praise.
1.046.14 May Us.as follow the lustre of your approach, circumambient As'vins, and may you be pleased with the oblations offered by night.
1.046.15 As'vins, may you both drink (the oblation), and bestow upon us happiness, through your irreproachable protection.
r.s.i: praskan.va ka_n.va; devata_: as'vini_kuma_ra; chanda: ba_rhata praga_tha (vis.ama_ br.hati_, sama_sato br.hati_) A/y< va/m! mxu?mÄm> su/t> saem? \tav&xa ,
tm! A?iñna ipbt< it/rae?ûüy< x/Ä< rÆa?in da/zu;e? . 1-047-01
iÇ/v/Nxu/re[? iÇ/v&ta? su/pez?sa/ rwe/na ya?tm! Aiñna ,
k{va?sae va/m! äü? k«{vNTy! AXv/re te;a</ su z&?[ut</ hv?m! . 1-047-02
Aiñ?na/ mxu?mÄmm! pa/t< saem?m! \tav&xa ,
Awa/* d?öa/ vsu/ ibæ?ta/ rwe? da/ña<s/m! %p? gCDtm! . 1-047-03
iÇ/;/x/Swe b/ihRi;? ivñvedsa/ mXva? y/}m! im?im]tm! ,
k{va?sae va< su/tsae?ma A/i-*?vae yu/va< h?vNte Aiñna . 1-047-04
yai->/ k{v?m! A/i-iò?i->/ àav?t< yu/vm! A?iñna ,
tai->/ :v! ASmaç A?vt< zu-s! ptI pa/t< saem?m! \tav&xa . 1-047-05
su/dase? döa/ vsu/ ibæ?ta/ rwe/ p&]ae? vhtm! Aiñna ,
r/iy< s?mu/Ôad£ %/t va? id/vs! py!r£ A/Sme x?Äm! pué/Sp&h?m! . 1-047-06
yn! na?sTya pra/vit/ yd£ va/ Swae Aix? tu/vRze? ,
Atae/ rwe?n su/v&ta? n/ Aa g?t< sa/k< sUyR?Sy r/iZmi->? . 1-047-07
A/vaRÂa? va</ sÝ?yae =Xvr/iïyae/ vh?Ntu/ sv/ned£ %p? ,
#;?m! p&/ÂNta? su/k«te? su/dan?v/ Aa b/ihR> sI?dt< nra . 1-047-08
ten? nas/Tya g?t</ rwe?n/ sUyR?Tvca ,
yen/ zñ?d£ ^/hwu?r£ da/zu;e/ vsu/ mXv>/ saem?Sy pI/tye? . 1-047-09
%/Kwei-?r£ A/vaRg! Av?se puê/vsU? A/këRz! c/ in þ?yamhe ,
zñ/t! k{va?na</ sd?is ià/ye ih k</ saem?m! p/pwu?r£ Aiñna . 1-047-101.047.01 As'vins, encouragers of sacrifice, this most sweet Soma is prepared for you; drink it of yesterday's expressing, and grant riches to the donor.
1.047.02 Come, As'vins, with your three-columned triangular car; the Kan.vas repeat your praise at the sacrifice; graciously hear their invocation. [trivandhuren.a trivr.ta rathena_, with a car with three posts and triangular is an earlier explanation; in the context of this hymn, the rendering is: having three undulating fastenings of timber, and passing unobstructedly through the three worlds].
1.047.03 As'vins, encouragers of sacrifice, drink this most sweet Soma; approach today the giver of the offering, you who are of pleasing aspects and bearers of wealth.
1.047.04 Omniscient As'vins, stationed on the thrice-heaped sacred grass, sprinkle the sacrifice with the sweet juice; the illustrious Kan.vas, with effused libations, invoke you.
1.047.05 With such desired aids as you protected Kan.va with, do you, cherish of pious acts, preserve us; encouragers of sacrifice, drink the Soma.
1.047.06 Good-looking As'vins, as you brought in your car, bearers of wealth, abundance to Suda_s, so bring to us in the riches that many covet, whether from the firmament or the sky beyond. [Suda_s is a ra_ja, son of Pi_javana. Two Suda_s are attested; one Suda_sa is of the solar line (Vis.n.u Pura_n.a, 380); another is of the lunar line, son of Divoda_sa (Vis.n.u Pura_n.a, 454)].
1.047.07 Na_satyas, whether you abide far off or close at hand, come to us in your well-constructed car, with the rays of the sun.
1.047.08 Let your coursers, the grace of the sacrifice, bring you to be present at our rite; guides (of men) bestowing food upon the pious and liberal donor (of the offering), sit down on the sacred grass.
1.047.09 Come, Na_satyas, with your sun-clad chariot, in which you have ever conveyed wealth to the donor (of the offering), to drink of the sweet Soma. [Sun-clad: lit. sun-skinned, su_ryatvaca_, i.e. surrounded by the sun or like the sun in brightness].
1.047.10 We invoke with chanted and recited hymns, the very affluent As'vins, to be present for our protection. Have you not ever drunk the Soma in the favoured dwelling of the Kan.vas?
r.s.i: praskan.va ka_n.va; devata_: us.a_; chanda: ba_rhata praga_tha (vis.ama_br.hati_, sama_satobr.hati_) s/h va/men? n %;ae/ Vy! %CDa Êihtr£ idv> ,
s/h *u/çen? b&h/ta iv?-avir ra/ya de?iv/ daSv?tI . 1-048-01
Aña?vtI/r£ gaem?tIr£ ivñsu/ivdae/ -Uir? CyvNt/ vSt?ve ,
%d£ $?ry/ àit? ma sU/n&ta? %;/z! caed/ raxae? m/"aena?m! . 1-048-02
%/vasae/;a %/CDac! c/ nu de/vI jI/ra rwa?nam! ,
ye A?Sya Aa/cr?[e;u diØ/re s?mu/Ôe n ï?v/Syv>? . 1-048-03
%;ae/ ye te/ à yame?;u yu/Ãte/ mnae? da/nay? sU/ry>? ,
AÇah/ tt! k{v? @;a</ k{v?tmae/ nam? g&[ait n&/[am! . 1-048-04
Aa "a/ yae;e?v sU/ny!r£ %/;a ya?it à-uÃ/tI ,
j/ry?NtI/ v&j?nm! p/Öd£ $?yt/ %t! pa?tyit p/i][>? . 1-048-05
iv ya s&/jit/ sm?n</ Vy! AiwRn>? p/d< n ve/Ty! Aaed?tI ,
vyae/ nik?;! qe piÝ/va<s? Aaste/ VyuòaE vaijnIvit . 1-048-06
@/;ayu? pra/vt>/ sUyR?Syae/dy?na/d£ Aix? ,
z/t< rwe?i-> su/-gae/;a #/y< iv ya?Ty! A/i- manu?;an! . 1-048-07
ivñ?m! ASya nanam/ c]?se/ jg/j! Jyaeit?;! k«[aeit sU/nrI? ,
Ap/ Öe;ae? m/"aenI? Êih/ta id/v %/;a %?CD/d£ Ap/ iöx>? . 1-048-08
%;/ Aa -a?ih -a/nuna? c/NÔe[? Êihtr£ idv> ,
Aa/vh?NtI/ -Uy!r£ A/Sm_y</ saE-?g< Vyu/CDNtI/ idiv?iò;u . 1-048-09
ivñ?Sy/ ih àa[?n</ jIv?n</ Tve iv yd£ %/CDis? sUnir ,
sa nae/ rwe?n b&h/ta iv?-avir ïu/ix ic?Çam"e/ hv?m! . 1-048-10
%;ae/ vaj</ ih v<Sv/ yz! ic/Çae manu?;e/ jne? ,
tena v?h su/k«tae? AXv/raç %p/ ye Tva? g&/[iNt/ vû?y> . 1-048-11
ivña?n! de/vaç Aa v?h/ saem?pItye =/Ntir?]ad£ %;/s! Tvm! ,
saSmasu? xa/ gaem/d£ Aña?vd£ %/KWym! %;ae/ vaj<? su/vIyR?m! . 1-048-12
ySya/ éz?Ntae A/cRy>/ àit? -/Ôa Aå?]t ,
sa nae? r/iy< iv/ñva?r< su/pez?sm! %/;a d?datu/ suGMy?m! . 1-048-13
ye ic/d£ ix Tvam! \;?y>/ pUvR? ^/tye? juø/re =?vse mih ,
sa n/ Staema?ç A/i- g&?[Iih/ rax/sae;>? zu/³e[? zae/ic;a? . 1-048-14
%;ae/ yd£ A/* -a/nuna/ iv Öara?v! \/[vae? id/v> ,
à nae? yCDtad£ Av&/km! p&/wu D/idR> à de?iv/ gaem?tI/r£ #;>? . 1-048-15
s< nae? ra/ya b&?h/ta iv/ñpe?zsa imim/úva sm! #¦a?i-/r£ Aa ,
s< *u/çen? ivñ/turae?;ae mih/ s< vajE?r£ vaijnIvit . 1-048-161.048.01 Us.as, daughter of heaven, dawn upon us with riches; diffuser of light, dawn upon us with abundant food; bountiful goddess, dawn upon with wealth (of cattle).
1.048.02 Abounding with horses, abounding with kine, bestowers of every sort of wealth, (the divinities of morning) are possessed of much that is necessary for the habitations (of men); Us.as, speak to me kind words; send us the affluence of the wealthy. [The epithets of Us.as are in fem. pl., without a substantive: as'vavatih, gomatih, vis'vasuvidah; hence, assumed: us.o-devatah, the many divinities of dawn].
1.048.03The divine Us.as has dwelt (in heaven of old); may she dawn today, the excitress of chariots which are harnessed at her coming, as those who are desirous of wealth (send ships) to sea. [samudre na s'ravasyavah = like those desirous of wealth for sea; added: 'send ships'. uva_sa, us.ah is explained: pura_ niva_sam akarot, she has made a dwelling formerly; an allusion to her producing the dawn, prabha_tam kr.tavati_].
1.048.04 Us.as, at your comings wise men turn their minds to benefactions; of these men, the most wise Kan.va proclaims the fame.
1.048.05 Us.as, nourishing (all), comes daily like a matron, the directress (of household duties), conducting all transient (creatures) to decay; (at her coming) each biped stirs and she wakes up the birds.
1.048.06 She animates the diligent, and sends clients (to their patrons); and shedder of dews, knows not delay; bestower of food, at your rising the soaring birds no longer suspend (their flight). [arthinah visr.jati = she lets loose the solicitors; the explanation: te (ya_cakah) us.ahka_le samuttha_ya svaki_yada_tr.gr.he gacchanti, they, having risen at early morning, go to the houses of those who are their respective benefactors].
1.048.07 This auspicious Us.as has harnessed (her vehicles) from afar, above the rising of the sun; and she comes gloriously upon man, with a hundred chariots. [many chariots of the dawn = many rays of light].
1.048.08 All living beings adore her, that she may be visible; bringer of good, she lights up the world; the affluent daughter of heaven drives away the malevolent and disperses the absorbers (of moisture). [sridhah: s'os.ayitr.n = the driers up; an allusion to the clouds which take up the dew of night?]
1.048.09 Shine around, Us.as, with cheering lustre, bringing us every day much happiness, and scattering darkness.
1.048.10 Inasmuch, bringer of good, as you dawn, the breath and life of all (creatures) rest in you; diffuser of light, come to us with your spacious car; possessor of wondrous wealth, hear our invocation.
1.048.11 Us.as, accept the (sacrificial) food which of many kinds exists among the human race, and thereby bring to the ceremony the pious, who offering oblations, praise you.
1.048.12 Us.as, bring from the firmament all the gods, to drink the Soma, and to you yourself bestow upon us excellent and invigorating food, along with cattle and horses.
1.048.13 May that Us.as whose bright auspicious rays are visible all around, grant us desirable, agreeable, and easily-attainable riches.
1.048.14 Adorable Us.as, whom the ancient sages invoked for protection and for food, do you, (radiant) with pure light, (pleased) by our offerings, accept our praises.
1.048.15 Us.as, since you have today set upon the two gates of heaven with light, grant us a spacious and secure habitation; bestow upon us, goddess, cattle and food.
1.048.16 Adorable Us.as, associate us with much and multiform wealth, and with abundant cattle, with all foe-confounding fame, and giver of sustenance, with food.
r.s.i: praskan.va ka_n.va; devata_: us.a_; chanda: anus.t.up %;ae? -/Ôei-/r£ Aa g?ih id/vz! ic?d£ raec/nad£ Aix? ,
vh?NTv! Aé/[Ps?v/ %p? Tva sae/imnae? g&/hm! . 1-049-01
su/pez?s< su/o< r¡/ ym! A/XySwa? %;/s! Tvm! ,
tena? su/ïv?s</ jn/m! àava/* Ê?ihtr£ idv> . 1-049-02
vy?z! ict! te pt/iÇ[ae? iÖ/pc! ctu?:pd£ AjuRin ,
%;>/ àar?Ú! \/tUçr£ Anu? id/vae ANte?_y/s! pir? . 1-049-03
Vyu/CDNtI/ ih r/iZmi-/r£ ivñ?m! Aa/-ais? raec/nm! ,
ta< Tvam! %?;r£ vsU/yvae? gI/i-R> k{va? Aø;t . 1-049-041.049.01 Us.as, come by auspicious ways from above the bright (region of the) firmament; let the purple (kine) bring you to the dwelling of the offerr of Soma. [arun.yo ga_va us.asa_m = purple cows, the vehicles of the morning].
1.049.02 Us.as, in the ample and beautiful chariot in which you ride, come today, daughter of heaven, to the pious offerer of the oblation.
1.049.03 White-complexioned Us.as, upon your coming, bipeds and quadrupeds (are in motion), and the winged birds flock around from the boundaries of the sky.
1.049.04 You, Us.as, dispersing the darkness, illumine the shining universe with your rays; such as you are, Kan.vas, desirous of wealth, praise you with their hymns.
r.s.i: praskan.va ka_n.va; devata_: su_rya (11-13 rogaghna upanis.ad); chanda: ga_yatri_, 10-13 anus.t.up %d£ %/ Ty< ja/tve?ds< de/v< v?hiNt ke/tv>? ,
å/ze ivña?y/ sUyR?m! . 1-050-01
Ap/ Tye ta/yvae? ywa/ n]?Ça yNTy! A/ài->? ,
sUra?y iv/ñc?]se . 1-050-02
Aå?ïm! ASy ke/tvae/ iv r/Zmyae/ jna/ç Anu? ,
æaj?Ntae A/¶yae? ywa . 1-050-03
t/ri[?r£ iv/ñd?zRtae Jyaeit/:k«d£ A?is sUyR ,
ivñ/m! Aa -a?is raec/nm! . 1-050-04
à/Ty'£ de/vana</ ivz>? à/Ty'£'£ %d£ @?i;/ manu?;an! ,
à/Ty'£ ivñ</ Svr£ å/ze . 1-050-05
yena? pavk/ c]?sa -ur/{yNt</ jna/ç Anu? ,
Tv< v?é[/ pZy?is . 1-050-06
iv *am! @?i;/ rj?s! p&/Wv! Aha/ imma?nae A/ài->? ,
pZy/|! jNma?in sUyR . 1-050-07
s/Ý Tva? h/irtae/ rwe/ vh?iNt dev sUyR ,
zae/ic:ke?z< ivc][ . 1-050-08
Ayu? s/Ý zu/NXyuv>/ sUrae/ rw?Sy n/Þy> ,
tai-?r£ yait/ Svyu?ii-> . 1-050-09
%d£ v/y< tm?s/s! pir/ Jyaeit/;! pZy?Nt/ %Ä?rm! ,
de/v< de?v/Ça sUyR/m! Ag?Nm/ Jyaeit?r£ %Ä/mm! . 1-050-10
%/*Ú! A/* im?Çmh Aa/raeh/Ú! %Ä?r¡/ idv?m! ,
ù/Ôae/gm! mm? sUyR hir/ma[<? c nazy . 1-050-11
zuke?;u me hir/ma[<? raep/[aka?su dXmis ,
Awae? hairÔ/ve;u? me hir/ma[</ in d?Xmis . 1-050-12
%d£ A?gad£ A/ym! Aa?id/Tyae ivñe?n/ sh?sa s/h ,
iÖ/;Nt/m! mý<? r/Nxy/n! mae A/h< iÖ?;/te r?xm! . 1-050-131.050.01 His coursers bear on high the divine all-knowing Sun, that he may be seen by all (the worlds).
1.050.02 (At the approach) of the all-illuminating Sun, the constellations depart with the night, like thieves. [naks.atra_n.i = lunar asterims or stars, in general, which are abodes of the gods or the visible forms of pious persons after death: devagr.ha vai naks.atra_n.i, the constellations are verily the abodes of the gods; yo va_ iha yajate amum. lokam. naks.ate = he who performs worship here obtains the next world; sukr.tam. va_ eta_ni jyotim.s.i yan naks.atra_n.i = those constellations are the luminaries of those who practise religious acts, i.e. those who by attending to religious duties in this world attain svarga, are beheld in the form of constellations: iha loke karma_nus.t.ha_ya yi svargam pra_pnuvanti te naks.atraru_pen.a dr.s.yante].
1.050.03 His illuminating rays behold men in succession, like blazing fires.
1.050.04 You, Su_rya, outstrip all in speed; you are visible to all; you are the source of light; you shine throughout the entire firmament. [Smr.ti states that the sun moves 2,202 yojanas in a half a winkle of the eye; jyotis.kr.t = giving light to all things, even to the moon and the planets, by night; for, they are of a watery substance from which the rays of the sun are reflected (like a mirror in a door-way reflecting sun's rays, to light up a chamber); metaphysical explanation: sun is the supreme spirit, who enables all beings to pass over the ocean of existence, who is beheld by all desiring final emancipation, who authors true light, and who illuminates everything through the light of the mind].
1.050.05 You rise in the presence of the Maruts, you rise in the presence of mankind, and so as to be seen in the presence of the whole (region) of heaven. [prayam deva_na_m vis'ah = before the men or people of the gods, i.e. the Maruts (who are elsewhere designated: maruto vai deva_na_m vis'ah)].
1.050.06 With that light with which you, the purifier and defender from evil, look upon this creature-bearing world.
1.050.07 You traverse the vast ethereal space, measuring days and nights, and contemplating all that have birth.
1.050.08 Divine and light-diffusing Su_rya, your seven coursers bear you, bright-haired, in your car. [sapta haritah = seven rays; seven horses = seven days of the week; or, is there an allusion to seven scattered prismatic rays?]
1.050.09 The Sun has yoked the seven mares that safely draw his chariot, and comes with them self-harnessed. [sapta s'undhyuvah; as'va-str.yah = mares; they are also naptyah, since the car does not fall because of them, ya_bhir na patati rathah].
1.050.10 Beholding the up-springing light above the darkness, we approach the divine Sun among the gods, the excellent light. [An allusion to the spiritual sun: darkness connotes sin; approach to the sun is a reunion with the supreme spirit; aganma jyotiruttamam, we go to the best light, i.e. we become one with the spiritual light, sa_yujyam gaccha_mah; tam yatha_ yathopa_sate tad eva bhavati, he (the worshipper) becomes identical with that which he worships].
1.050.11 Radiant with benevolent light, rising today and mountina into the highest heaven, do you O Sun, remove sickness of my heart, and the yellowness (of my body). [hrd.-roga = heart-burn or indigestion; harima_n.am = greenness (caused by bilious afflictions). Pras'kan.va was reportedly cured of leprosy or a cutaneous malady, with this praise of Su_rya; S'aunaka treats this as a mantra dedicated to the Sun to remove sin, heal disease, be an antidote to poison and as a means of obtaining present happiness and final liberation].
1.050.12 Let us transfer the yellowness (of my body) to the parrots, to the starlings, or to the harita_la (tree). [haridrava = harita_la druma; this may be a reference to haridrava, a yellow vegetable power, yllow orpiment].
1.050.13 This A_ditya has risen with all (his) might, destroying my adversary, for I am unable to resist my enemy (sickness).
r.s.i: savya a_n:girasa; devata_: indra; chanda: jagati_, 14-15 tris.t.up) Anuva_ka X A/i- Tym! me/;m! pu?éø/tm! \/iGmy/m! #NÔ<? gI/i-Rr£ m?dta/ vSvae? A[R/vm! ,
ySy/ *avae/ n iv/cr?iNt/ manu?;a -u/je m<ih?óm! A/i- ivà?m! AcRt . 1-051-01
A/-Im! A?vNvn! Svi-/iòm! ^/tyae? =Ntir]/àa< tiv?;Ii-/r£ Aav&?tm! ,
#NÔ</ d]a?s \/-vae? md/Cyut<? z/t³?tu</ jv?nI sU/n&taé?ht! . 1-051-02
Tv< gae/Çm! Ai¼?rae_yae =v&[ae/r£ Apae/taÇ?ye z/tÊ?re;u gatu/ivt! ,
s/sen? icd£ ivm/daya?vhae/ vSv! Aa/jav! AiÔ<? vavsa/nSy? n/tRy?n! . 1-051-03
Tvm! A/pam! A?ip/xana?v&[ae/r£ Apaxa?ry>/ pvR?te/ danu?m/d£ vsu? ,
v&/Ç< yd£ #?NÔ/ zv/sav?xI/r£ Aih/m! Aad£ #t! sUy¡? id/Vy! Aarae?hyae å/ze . 1-051-04
Tvm! ma/yai-/r£ Ap? ma/iynae? =xm> Sv/xai-/r£ ye Aix/ zuÝa/v! Aju?þt ,
Tvm! ipàae?r£ n&m[>/ àaé?j>/ pur>/ à \/ijña?n< dSyu/hTye?:v! Aaivw . 1-051-05
Tv< kàTs<? zu:[/hTye?:v! Aaiv/war?Nxyae =itiw/Gvay/ zMb?rm! ,
m/haNt<? icd£ AbuR/d< in ³?mI> p/da s/nad£ @/v d?Syu/hTya?y ji};e . 1-051-06
Tve ivña/ tiv?;I s/Ø(g! i"/ta tv/ rax>? saempI/way? h;Rte ,
tv/ v¿?z! icikte ba/þaer£ ih/tae v&/ía zÇae/r£ Av/ ivña?in/ v&:{ya? . 1-051-07
iv ja?nI/ý! AayaR/n! ye c/ dSy?vae b/ihR:m?te rNxya/ zas?d£ Aì/tan! ,
zakI? -v/ yj?manSy caeid/ta ivñet! ta te? sx/made?;u cakn . 1-051-08
Anu?ìtay r/Nxy/Ú! Ap?ìtan! Aa/-Ui-/r£ #NÔ>? î/wy/Ú! Ana?-uv> ,
v&/ÏSy? ic/d£ vxR?tae/ *am! #n?]t/ Stva?nae v/èae iv j?"an s</idh>? . 1-051-09
t]/d£ yt! t? %/zna/ sh?sa/ shae/ iv raed?sI m/Jmna? baxte/ zv>? ,
Aa Tva/ vat?Sy n&m[ae mnae/yuj/ Aa pUyR?ma[m! AvhÚ! A/i- ïv>? . 1-051-10
miNd?ò/ yd£ %/zne? ka/Vye sca/ç #NÔae? v/»â v?»é/traix? itóit ,
%/¢ae y/iy< inr£ A/p> öaet?sas&j/d£ iv zu:[?Sy å<ih/ta @e?ry/t! pur>? . 1-051-11
Aa Sma/ r¡? v&;/pa[e?;u itóis zayaR/tSy/ à-&?ta/ ye;u/ mNd?se ,
#NÔ/ ywa? su/tsae?me;u ca/knae? =n/vaR[</ ðaek/m! Aa rae?hse id/iv . 1-051-12
Ad?da/ A-aR?m! mh/te v?c/Syve? k/]Iv?te v&c/yam! #?NÔ suNv/te ,
mena?-vae v&;[/ñSy? su³tae/ ivñet! ta te/ sv?ne;u à/vaCya? . 1-051-13
#NÔae? Aïaiy su/Xyae inre/ke p/¿e;u/ Staemae/ ÊyaêR/ n yUp>? ,
A/ñ/yur£ g/VyU r?w/yur£ v?sU/yur£ #NÔ/ #d£ ra/y> ]?yit ày/Nta . 1-051-14
#/d< nmae? v&;/-ay? Sv/raje? s/Tyzu?:may t/vse? =vaic ,
A/iSmÚ! #?NÔ v&/jne/ svR?vIra>/ Smt! sU/iri-/s! tv/ zmR?n! Syam . 1-051-151.051.01 Anime with praises that ram, (Indra), who is adored by many, who is gratified by hymns, and is an ocean of wealth; whose good deeds spread abroad for the benefit of mankind, like the rays of light; worship the powerful and wise Indra, for the enjoyment of prosperity. [tyam. mes.am: Indra assumed the form of a ram and came to a sacrifice performed by Medha_tithi and drank Soma, so a legend; mes.a = victor over foes. Another legend is that An:giras worshipped to get a son who would resemble Indra; Indra himself became his son whose name was Savya].
1.051.02 The protecting and fostering R.bhus hastened to the presence of Indra, of graceful motion, and irradiating the firmament, imbued with vigour, the humiliator of his enemies, the performer of a hundred pious acts; and by them, encouraging words were uttered. [R.bhus = Maruts who encouraged Indra; 'all gods who were your friends have fled; may there be friendship between the Maruts and you'. Indra is one of 12 A_dityas, as S'akra, hence 'irradiating the firmament'; words were uttered: prahara bhagava vi_ryasva, strike; bhagavan, be valiant].
1.051.03 You have opened the cloud for the An:girasas you have shown the way to Atri, who vexes his adversaries by a hundred doors (by a number of yantras, means or contrivances); you have granted wealth, with food, to Vimada; you are wielding your thunderbolt in defence of a worshipper engaged in battle. [gotra = herd of cattle or a cloud; gotrabhid = mountain-breaker with his thunderbolt (Indra) or may allude to the recovery of cows stolen by Pan.i;; Vimada = a mahars.i].
1.051.04 You have opened the receptacle of the waters; you have detained in the mountain the treasure of the malignant; when you had slain Vr.tra, the destryer, you made the sun visible in the sky. [parvate danumad vasu = in the mountain, a dwelling of Indra; danumad = descended from Danu, a Da_nava, an asura or an epithet of vasu, wealth, fit for liberality (fr. danu, giving) or one doing injury, an enemy; Vr.tra (Ahi) is hantri, the slayer; so yat sarva_n etat samabhavat tasma_d ahiriti, inasmuch as he was the same as all that (benefits of sacrifice, fame, knowledge, prosperity), he wa called Ahi].
1.051.05 You, Indra, by the devices, have humbled the deceivers who presented oblations to their own mouths; propitious to men, you have destroyed the cities of Pipru, and have well defended R.jis'van in robber-destroying (contest). [Pipru is an asura; R.jis'van is a worshipper whom they oppressed; dasyu-hatyes'u, in battles killing the dasyus].
1.051.06 You have defended Kutsa in fatal fights with S'us'na; you have destroyed S'ambara in defence of Atithigva; you have trodden with your foot upon the great Arbuda; frm remote times were you born for the destruction of oppressors. [S'us'na, S'ambara and Arbuda are asuras. Kutsa is a r.s.i; Atithigva = hospitable, Divoda_sa].
1.051.07 In you, Indra, is all vigour fully concentrated; you will delight to drink the Soma; it is known by us that the thunderbolt is deposited in your hands; cut off all prowess from the foe.
1.051.08 Discriminate between the A_ryas and they who are Dasyus; restraining those who perform no religious rites, compel them to submit to the performer of sacrifices; be you, who are powerful, the encourager of the sacrificer; I am desirous of celebrating all your deeds in ceremonies that give you satisfaction. [A_ryas are those who practise religious rites; Dasyus do not observe religious ceremonies and inimical to those who do].
1.051.09 Indra abides, humbling the neglecters of holy acts in favour of those who observe them; and punishing those who turn away from his worship in favour of those who are present (with their praise); Vamra, while praising him, whether old or adolescent, and spreading through heaven, carried off the accumulated (materials of the sacrifice). [vamro vijagha_na samdihah = vamra destryed the collections. Vamra, a r.s.i, when Indra was absent, carried away the accumulated heap of offerings, the marrow or essence of the earth, yad valmika-vap_sambha_ro bhavati u_rjjam eva pr.thivya_h].
1.051.10 If Us.ana_s should sharpen your vigour by his own, then would your might terrify by its intensity both heaven and earth. Friend of man, let the will harnessed steeds, with the velocity of the wind, convey you, replete (with vigour), to (partake of the sacrificial) food.
1.051.11 When Indra is delighted with acceptable hymns, he ascends (his car), drawn by more and more obliquely-curving coursers; fierce, he extracts the waters from the passing (cloud) in a torrent, and has overwhelmed the extensive cities of S'us.n.a.
1.051.12 You mount your chariot willingly, Indra, for the sake of drinking the libations; such as you delight in having been prepared (at the sacrifice of) S'a_rya_ta; be pleased with them, as you are gratified by the effused Soma (at the sacrifices) of others, so do you obtain imperishable fame in heaven. [S'arya_ta was a ra_jar.s.i, descent from Bhr.gu. Aitareya Bra_hman.a: he was a prince of the Mnau lineage. S'a_rya_ta is a descendant of S'arya_ti, the fourth son of Manu Vaivasvata. R.s.i Cyavana married his daughter at a solemn sacrifice attended by Indra and As'vins. Cyavana took the share of the oblations intended for the As'vins. This act made Indra angry; to appease Indra another sacrifice was prepared. The legend is cited from Kaus'itaki (the legend is also noted in the Bha_gavata and Padma Pura_n.as).
1.051.13 You have given, Indra, the youthful Vr.caya to the aged Kaks.i_vat, praising you and offering oblations; you, S'atakratu, were Mena_, the daughter of Vr.s.an.as'va; all these your deeds are to be recited at your worship. [Vr.caya was given to Kaks.i_vat at a ra_jasu_ya ceremony. Indra became Mena_, the daughter of Vr.s.an.as'va and later, also fell in love with her. Mena_ is a daughter of Pitr.s by Svadha_ and the wife of Himavat, king of mountains].
1.051.14 Indra has been had recourse to, that he may assist the pious in their distress. Praise by the Pajras, is (as stable) as the post of a doorway. Indra, the giver of riches, who is possessed of (who desires to possess, expecting as gifts from the institutor of the ceremony) horses, cattle, chariots and wealth is present. [Pajras = An:girasas].
1.051.15 This adoration is offered to the shedder of rain, the self-resplendent, the possessor of true vigour, the mighty; may we be aided, Indra, in his conflict, by many heroes, and abide in a prosperoud (habitation, bestowed) by you.
r.s.i: savya a_n:girasa; devata_: indra; chanda: jagati_, 13, 15 tris.t.up Ty< su me/;m! m?hya Sv/ivRd<? z/t< ySy? su/_v> sa/km! $r?te ,
ATy</ n vaj<? hvn/Syd</ rw/m! @NÔ<? vv&Tya/m! Av?se suv&/ii->? . 1-052-01
s pvR?tae/ n x/é[e/:v! ACyu?t> s/hö?mUit/s! tiv?;I;u vav&xe ,
#NÔae/ yd£ v&/Çm! Av?xIn! ndI/v&t?m! %/âÚ! A[a¡?is/ jAùR?;a[ae/ ANx?sa . 1-052-02
s ih Ö/rae Ö/ir;u? v/ì ^x?in c/NÔbu?×ae/ md?v&Ïae mnI/i;i->? ,
#NÔ</ tm! A?þe Svp/Syya? ix/ya m<ih?órait</ s ih pià/r£ ANx?s> . 1-052-03
Aa ym! p&/[iNt? id/iv sÒ?bihR;> smu/Ô< n su/_v> Sva A/i-ò?y> ,
t< v&?Ç/hTye/ Anu? tSwur£ ^/ty>/ zu:ma/ #NÔ?m! Ava/ta A?tPsv> . 1-052-04
A/i- Svv&?iò/m! mde? ASy/ yuXy?tae r/¸vIr£ #?v àv/[e s?öur£ ^/ty>? ,
#NÔae/ yd£ v/¿I x&/;ma?[ae/ ANx?sa i-/nd£ v/lSy? pir/xIçr£ #?v iÇ/t> . 1-052-05
pr¡? "&/[a c?rit itiTv/;e zvae? =/pae v&/TvI rj?sae bu/×m! Aaz?yt! ,
v&/ÇSy/ yt! à?v/[e Ê/g&Ri-?ñnae inj/"Nw/ hNvae?r£ #NÔ tNy/tum! . 1-052-06
ÿ/d< n ih Tva? Ny&/;NTy! ^/mRyae/ äüa?[INÔ/ tv/ yain/ vxR?na ,
Tvòa? ict! te/ yuJy<? vav&xe/ zv?s! t/t]/ v¿?m! A/i--U?Tyaejsm! . 1-052-07
j/"/Nvaç %/ hir?i-> sM-&t³t/v! #NÔ? v&/Çm! mnu?;e gatu/yÚ! A/p> ,
Ay?CDwa ba/þaer£ v¿?m! Aay/sm! Axa?ryae id/Vy! Aa sUy¡? å/ze . 1-052-08
b&/ht! Sví?NÔ/m! Am?v/d£ yd£ %/KWym! Ak«?{vt i-/ysa/ raeh?[< id/v> ,
yn! manu?;àxna/ #NÔ?m! ^/ty>/ Svr£ n&/;acae? m/étae =?md/Ú! Anu? . 1-052-09
*aEz! ic?d£ A/Syam?va/ç Ahe>? Sv/nad£ Ayae?yvId£ i-/ysa/ v¿? #NÔ te ,
v&/ÇSy/ yd£ b?Óxa/nSy? raedsI/ mde? su/tSy/ zv/sai-?n/c! iDr>? . 1-052-10
yd£ #n! Nv! @e?NÔ p&iw/vI dz?-uij/r£ Aha?in/ ivña? t/tn?Nt k«/òy>? ,
AÇah? te m"v/n! ivïu?t</ shae/ *am! Anu/ zv?sa b/hR[a? -uvt! . 1-052-11
Tvm! A/Sy pa/re rj?sae/ Vyaemn>/ Sv-U?Tyaeja/ Av?se x&;Nmn> ,
c/k«/;e -Uim?m! àit/man/m! Aaej?sae =/p> Sv> pir/-Ur£ @/:y! Aa idv?m! . 1-052-12
Tvm! -u?v> àit/man?m! p&iw/Vya \/:vvI?rSy b&h/t> pit?r£ -U> ,
ivñ/m! Aaàa? A/Ntir?]m! mih/Tva s/Tym! A/Ïa nik?r£ A/Nys! Tvava?n! . 1-052-13
n ySy/ *ava?p&iw/vI Anu/ Vycae/ n isNx?vae/ rj?sae/ ANt?m! Aan/zu> ,
naet Svv&?iò/m! mde? ASy/ yuXy?t/ @kae? A/Nyc! c?k«;e/ ivñ?m! Aanu/;k£ . 1-052-14
AacR/Ú! AÇ? m/ét>/ siSm?Ú! Aa/jaE ivñe? de/vasae? Amd/Ú! Anu? Tva ,
v&/ÇSy/ yd£ -&?iò/mta? v/xen/ in Tvm! #?NÔ/ àTy! Aa/n< j/"Nw? . 1-052-151.052.01 Worship well that ram who makes heaven known, whom a hundred worshippers at once are assiduous in praising. I implore Indra with many prayers to ascend the car, which hastens like a fleet courser to the sacrificer for my protection.
1.052.02 When Indra, who delights in the sacrificial food, had slain the stream-obstructing Vr.tra, and was pouring down the waters, he stood firm amid the torrents like a mountain, and endowed with a thousand means of protecting (his votaries) increased in vigour.
1.052.03 He who is victorious over his enemies, who is spread through the dewy (firmament), the root of happiness, who is exhilarated by the Soma him I invoke, the most bountiful Indra, along with learned priests, with a mind disposed to pious adoration, for he is the bestower of abundant food.
1.052.04 Tha Indra whom in heaven the libations sprinkled on the sacred grass replenish, as the kindred rivers hastening to it fill the ocean; that Indra whom the Maruts, the driers up of moisture, who are unobstructed, and of undistorted forms, attended as auxiliaries at the death of Vr.tra.
1.052.05 His allies, exhilarated (by libations), preceded him, warring against the withholder of the rain, as rivers rush down declivities. Indra, animated by the sacrificial food, broke through the defences of Vala as did Trita through the coverings (of the well). [paridhi_r iva tritah: tritah, triple or threefold;hence, 'as through triple coverings or defences'. A legend is: Ekata, Dvita and Trita were three men produced in water by Agni, for the purpose of removing or rubbing off the relics of an oblation of clarified butter (like three blades of sacred grass used to rub off. Another legend: Agni threw the cinders of burnt-offerings into water, whence arose Ekata, Dvita and Trita (called A_ptyas or sons of water). Trita went to draw water from a well and fell into it; Asuras heaped coverings over the mouth of the well to prevent his escape, but he broke through them. Indra's breaking through the defences of Vala, the asura is compared to this exploit of Trita].
1.052.06 When, Indra, you had smitten with my thunderbolt the check of the wide-extended Vr.tra, who, having obstructed the waters reposed in the region above the firmament, your fame spread afar, your prowess was renowned.
1.052.07 The hymns, Indra, that glorify you, attain unto you, as rivulets (flow into) a lake. Tvas.t.a_ has augmented your appropriate vigour; he has sharpened your bolt with overpowering might.
1.052.08 Indra, performer of holy acts, desirous of going to man, you with your steeds have slain Vr.tra (have set free) the waters, have taken in your hands your thunderbolt of metal, and have made the sun visible in the sky.
1.052.09 Through fear (of Vr.tra, they, the worshippers), recited the suitable hymn of the Br.hat (Sa_ma), self-illuminating, strength-bestowing, and ascending to heaven; on which his allies, (the Maruts), combating for men, (guardians) of heaven, and vivifiers of mankind animated Indra (to destroy him). [Sa_ma is added to br.hat. The alusion is to Sa_ma, a verse of the R.k].
1.052.10 The strong heaven was rent asunder with fear at the clamour of that Ahi, when you, Indra, was inspired by (drinking) the effused (Soma), and your thunderbolt in its vigour struck off the head of Vr.tra, the obstructor of heaven and earth.
1.052.11 Although, Indra, the earth were of tenfold (its extent), and men multiplied every day, yet, Maghavan, your prowess would be equally renowned; the exploits achieved by your might would be spread abroad with the heavens.
1.052.12 Firm-minded Indra, abiding (secure) in your strength beyond the limit of the wide-expanded firmament, you have framed the earth for our preservation; you have been the type of vigour; you have encompassed the firmament and the sky as far as to the heavens.
1.052.13 You are the type of the extended earth you are the lord of the vast god-frequent (svarga) verily with your bulk you fillest all the firmament of a truth, there is none other such as you. [pratima_nam bhuvah, the counter-measure of the earth, i.e. of similar magnitude and like inconceivable power; r.s.vavi_rasya br.hatah patih, lord or protector of the great (region), in which are the gods (vi_ra) who are pleasant (r.s.va)].
1.052.14 you, Indra, of whom heaven and earth have not attained the amplitude; of whom the waters of heaven have not reached the limit; of whom, when warring with excited animation against the withholder of the rains, (his adversaries have not equalled the prowess); you alone have made everything else, (than yourself), dependent (upon you).
1.052.15 The Maruts worshipped you in this (encounter); all the gods in this engagement imitated you in exultation, when you had struck the face of Vr.tra with your angular and fatal (bolt). [bhr.s.timata_ vadhena, with the weapon that has angles; Aitareya Bra_hman.a: vajra, the thunderbolt of Indra has eight angles or blades, as.t.as.r.r vai vajrah].
r.s.i: savya a_n:girasa; devata_: indra; chanda: jagati_, 10-11 tris.t.up Ny! ^ ;u vac/m! à m/he -?ramhe/ igr/ #NÔa?y/ sd?ne iv/vSv?t> ,
nU ic/d£ ix rÆ<? ss/tam! #/vaiv?d/n! n Ê?òu/itr£ Ô?iv[ae/de;u? zSyte . 1-053-01
Ê/rae Añ?Sy Ê/r #?NÔ/ gaer£ A?is Ê/rae yv?Sy/ vsu?n #/ns! pit>? ,
iz/]a/n/r> à/idvae/ Aka?mkzRn>/ soa/ sio?_y/s! tm! #/d< g&?[Imis . 1-053-02
zcI?v #NÔ puék«d£ *umÄm/ tved£ #/dm! A/i-t?z! ceikte/ vsu? ,
At>? s</g&_ya?i--Ut/ Aa -?r/ ma Tva?y/tae j?ir/tu> kam?m! ^nyI> . 1-053-03
@/i-r£ *ui->? su/mna? @/i-r£ #NÊ?i-r£ inéNxa/nae Am?it</ gaei-?r£ A/iñna? ,
#NÔe?[/ dSyu<? d/ry?Nt/ #NÊ?i-r£ yu/tÖe?;s>/ sm! #/;a r?-emih . 1-053-04
sm! #?NÔ ra/ya sm! #/;a r?-emih/ s< vaje?i-> puéí/NÔEr£ A/i-*u?i-> ,
s< de/Vya àm?Tya vI/rzu?:mya/ gae?¢/yaña?vTya r-emih . 1-053-05
te Tva/ mda? Amd/n! tain/ v&:{ya/ te saema?sae v&Ç/hTye?;u sTpte ,
yt! ka/rve/ dz? v&/Ça{y! A?à/it b/ihR:m?te/ in s/höa?i[ b/hRy>? . 1-053-06
yu/xa yux/m! %p/ "ed£ @?i; x&:[u/ya pu/ra pur</ sm! #/d< h</Sy! Aaej?sa ,
nMya/ yd£ #?NÔ/ sOya? pra/vit? inb/hRyae/ nmu?ic</ nam? ma/iyn?m! . 1-053-07
Tv< kr?Ãm! %/t p/[Ry<? vxI/s! teij?óyaitiw/GvSy? vtR/nI ,
Tv< z/ta v¼¯?dSyai-n/t! purae? =nanu/d> pir?;Uta \/ijñ?na . 1-053-08
Tvm! @/ta|! j?n/ra}ae/ iÖr£ dza?b/Nxuna? su/ïv?saepj/Gmu;>? ,
;/iò< s/höa? nv/it< nv? ïu/tae in c/³e[/ rWya? Ê/:pda?v&[k£ . 1-053-09
Tvm! Aa?ivw su/ïv?s</ tvae/iti-/s! tv/ Çam?i-r£ #NÔ/ tUvR?ya[m! ,
Tvm! A?SmE/ kàTs?m! Aitiw/Gvm! Aa/yum! m/he ra}e/ yUne? ArNxnay> . 1-053-10
y %/åcI?NÔ de/vgae?pa>/ soa?ys! te iz/vt?ma/ Asa?m ,
Tva< Stae?;am/ Tvya? su/vIra/ Ôa"I?y/ Aayu>? àt/r< dxa?na> . 1-053-111.053.01 We ever offer fitting praise to the mighty Indra, in the dwelling of the worshpper, by which he (the deity) has quickly acquired riches, as (a thief) hastily hastily carried (off the property) of the sleeping. Praise ill expressed is not valued among the munificent.
1.053.02 You, Indra, are the giver of horses, of cattle, or barley, the master and protector of wealth, the foremost in liberality, (the being) of many days; you disappoint not desires (addressed to you); you are a friend to our friend; such an Indra we praise.
1.053.03 Wise and resplendent Indra, the achiever of great deeds, the riches that are spread around are known to be yours; having collected them, victor (over your enemies), bring them to us; disappoint not the expectation of the worshipper who trusts in you.
1.053.04 Propitiated by these offerings, be these libations, dispel poverty with cattle and horses; may we subduing our adversary, and relived from enemies by Indra, (pleased) by our libations, enjoy together abundant food.
1.053.05 Indra, may we become possessed of riches, and of food; and with energies agreeable to many, and shining around, may we prosper through your divine favour, the source of prowess, of cattle and of horses.
1.053.06 Those who were your allies, (the Maruts), brought you joy; protector of the pious, those libations and oblations (that were offered you on slaying Vr.tra), yielded you delight, when you, unimpeded by foes, did destroy the ten thousand obstacles oposed to him who praised you and offered you oblations. [das'a sahas'ra_n.i vr.tra_n.i = covers, concealments, obstructions, avaraka_ni].
1.053.07 Humiliator (of adversaries), you go from battle to battle, and destroy by your might city after city; with you foe-prostrating associate, (the thunderbolt), you Indra, did slay afar off the deceiver named Namuci. [Namuci is an asura; he is also a Da_nava, descendant of Danu].
1.053.08 You have slain Karan~ja and Parn.aya with your bright gleaming spear, in the cause of Atithigva; unaided, you did demolish the hundred cities of Van:grida, when besieged by R.jis.van. [Van:gr.da is an asura; R.jis.van is a ra_ja_].
1.053.09 You, renowned Indra, overthrown by your not-to-be- overtaken chariot-wheel, the twenty kings of men, who had come against Sus'ravas unaided, and their sixty thousand and ninety-nine followers. [Perhaps, a reference to A_yus, son of Puru_rava_s].
1.053.10 You, Indra, have preserved Sus'ravas by your succour, Turvaya_n.a by your assistance; you have made Kutsa, Atithigva, and A_tu subject to the mighty though youthful Sus'ravas.
1.053.11 Protected by the gods, we remain, Indra, at the close of the sacrifice, your most fortunate friends; we praise you, as enjoying through you excellent offspring, and a long and prosperous life.
r.s.i: savya a_n:girasa; devata_: indra; chanda: jagati_ 6,8,9,11 tris.t.up ma nae? A/iSmn! m?"vn! p&/TSv! A<h?is n/ih te/ ANt>/ zv?s> prI/[ze? ,
A³?Ndyae n/*ae raeé?v/d£ vna? k/wa n ]ae/[Ir£ i-/ysa/ sm! Aa?rt . 1-054-01
AcaR? z/³ay? za/ikne/ zcI?vte z&/{vNt/m! #NÔ?m! m/hy?Ú! A/i- òu?ih ,
yae x&/:[una/ zv?sa/ raed?sI %/-e v&;a? v&;/Tva v&?;/-ae Ny&/Ãte? . 1-054-02
AcaR? id/ve b&?h/te zU/:y< vc>/ Sv]?Ç</ ySy? x&;/tae x&/;n! mn>? ,
b&/hCD+A?va/ Asu?rae b/hR[a? k«/t> pu/rae hir?_ya< v&;/-ae rwae/ ih ;> . 1-054-03
Tv< id/vae b&?h/t> sanu? kaep/yae =?v/ Tmna? x&;/ta zMb?rm! i-nt! ,
yn! ma/iynae? ì/iNdnae? m/iNdna? x&/;c! iD/ta< g-?iStm! A/zin?m! p&t/Nyis? . 1-054-04
in yd£ v&/[i]? ñs/nSy? mU/xRin/ zu:[?Sy icd£ ì/iNdnae/ raeé?v/d£ vna? ,
àa/cIne?n/ mn?sa b/hR[a?vta/ yd£ A/*a ic?t! k«/[v>/ ks! Tva/ pir? . 1-054-05
Tvm! Aa?ivw/ ny¡? tu/vRz</ yÊ</ Tv< tu/vIit<? v/Yy< zt³tae ,
Tv< rw/m! @t?z</ k«TVye/ xne/ Tvm! purae? nv/it< d?M-yae/ nv? . 1-054-06
s "a/ raja/ sTp?it> zUzuv/j! jnae? ra/th?Vy>/ àit/ y> zas/m! #Nv?it ,
%/Kwa va/ yae A?i-g&/[ait/ rax?sa/ danu?r£ ASma/ %p?ra ipNvte id/v> . 1-054-07
As?m< ]/Çm! As?ma mnI/;a à sae?m/pa Ap?sa sNtu/ neme? ,
ye t? #NÔ d/Ê;ae? v/xRy?iNt/ mih? ]/Ç< Swiv?r</ v&:{y<? c . 1-054-08
tu_yed£ @/te b?÷/la AiÔ?ÊGxaz! cmU/;d?z! cm/sa #?NÔ/pana>? ,
Vy! Aîuih t/pRya/ kam?m! @;a/m! Awa/ mnae? vsu/deya?y k«:v . 1-054-09
A/pam! A?itód£ x/é[?þr</ tmae? =/Ntr£ v&/ÇSy? j/Qre?;u/ pvR?t> ,
A/-Im! #NÔae? n/*ae v/iì[a? ih/ta ivña? Anu/óa> à?v/[e;u? ij¹te . 1-054-10
s zev&?x/m! Aix? xa *u/çm! A/Sme mih? ]/Ç< j?na/;a¦£ #?NÔ/ tVy?m! ,
r]a? c nae m/"aen>? pa/ih sU/rIn! ra/ye c? n> Svp/Tya #/;e xa>? . 1-054-111.054.01 Urge us not, Maghavan, to this iniquity, to these iniquitous conflicts, for the limit of your strength is not to be surpassed; you have made the waters of the rivers roar; how (is it possible) that the earth should be filled with terror?
1.054.02 Offer adoration to the wise and powerful S'akra; glorifying the listening Indra, praise him who purifies both heaven and earth by his irresistible might, who is the sender of showers, and by his bounty gratifies our desires.
1.054.03 Offer exhilarating praises to the great and illustrious Indra, of whom, undaunted, the steady mind is concentrated in its own firmness; for he, who is of great renown, the giver of rain, the repeller of enemies, who is obeyed his steeds, the showerer (of bounties), is hastening hither.
1.054.04 You have shaken the summit of the spacious heaven; you have slain S'ambara by your resolute self; you have hurled with exulting and determined mind the sharp and bright-rayed thunderbolt against assembled Asuras.
1.054.05 Since you, loud-shouting, have poured the rain upon the brow of the breathing (wind), and (on the head) of the maturing and absorbing (sun), who shall prevent you from doing today (as you will), endowed with an unaltered and resolute mind?
1.054.06 You have protected Narya, Turvas'a, Yadu and Turvi_ti, of the face of Vayya; you have protected their chariots and horses in the unavoidable engagement; you have demolished ninety-nine cities (of S'ambara). [Turvas'a may be Turvasu, son of Yaya_ti, since another son of Yaya_ti, Yadu is also named. Turvi_ti is a r.s.i; etasam = as'va].
1.054.07 That eminent person, the cherisher of the pious, (he institutor of the ceremony), promotes his own prosperity, who, while offering oblations to Indra, pronounces his praise; or who, along with the offerings he presents, recites hymns (in honour of him); for him the bounteous Indra causes the clouds to rain from heaven.
1.054.08 Unequalled is his might; unequalled is his wisdom; may these drinkers of the Soma become equal to him the pious act, for they, Indra, who present to you oblations, augment your vast strength and your manly vigour.
1.054.09 These copious Soma juices, expressed with stones and contained in ladles, are prepared for you; they are the beverage of Indra; quaff them; satiate your appetite with them; and then fix your mind on the wealth that is to be given (to us).
1.054.10 The darkness obstructed the current of the waters; the cloud was within the belly of Vr.tra; but Indra precipitated all the waters which the obstructor had concealed, in succession, down to the hollows (of the earth).
1.054.11 Bestow upon us, Indra, increasing reputation; (bestow upon us) great, augmenting, and foe subduing strength; preserve us in affluence; cherish those who are wise; and supply us with wealth from which proceed excellent progeny and food.
r.s.i: savya a_n:girasa; devata_: indra; chanda: jagati_ id/vz! ic?d£ ASy vir/ma iv p?àw/ #NÔ</ n m/ûa p&?iw/vI c/n àit? ,
-I/ms! tuiv?:ma|! c;R/i[_y? Aat/p> izzI?te/ v¿</ tej?se/ n v<s?g> . 1-055-01
sae A?[R/vae n n/*> smu/iÔy>/ àit? g&_[ait/ iviï?ta/ vrI?mi-> ,
#NÔ>/ saem?Sy pI/tye? v&;ayte s/nat! s yu/Xm Aaej?sa pnSyte . 1-055-02
Tv< tm! #?NÔ/ pvR?t</ n -aej?se m/hae n&/M[Sy/ xmR?[am! #rJyis ,
à vI/yêR[ de/vtait? ceikte/ ivñ?Sma %/¢> kmR?[e pu/raeih?t> . 1-055-03
s #d£ vne? nm/Syui-?r£ vcSyte/ caé/ jne?;u àäuva/[ #?iNÔ/ym! ,
v&;a/ DNÊ?r£ -vit hyR/tae v&;a/ ]eme?[/ xena?m! m/"va/ yd£ #Nv?it . 1-055-04
s #n! m/hain? sim/wain? m/Jmna? k«/[aeit? yu/Xm Aaej?sa/ jne?_y> ,
Axa? c/n ïd£ d?xit/ iTv;I?mt/ #NÔa?y/ v¿<? in/"in?¹te v/xm! . 1-055-05
s ih ï?v/Syu> sd?nain k«/iÇma? úm/ya v&?xa/n Aaej?sa ivna/zy?n! ,
JyaetI?i; k«/{vÚ! A?v&/kai[/ yJy/ve =?v su/³tu>/ stR/va A/p> s&?jt! . 1-055-06
da/nay/ mn>? saempavÚ! AStu te =/vaRÂa/ hrI? vNdnïu/d£ Aa k«?ix ,
yim?óas>/ sar?wyae/ y #?NÔ te/ n Tva/ keta/ Aa d?åuviNt/ -U[R?y> . 1-055-07
Aà?i]t</ vsu? ib-i;R/ hSt?yae/r£ A;a?¦£h</ sh?s! tNvE ïu/tae d?xe ,
Aav&?tasae =v/tasae/ n k/t&Ri-?s! t/nU;u? te/ ³t?v #NÔ/ -Ur?y> . 1-055-081.055.01 The amplitude of Indra was vaster than the (space of) heaven; earth was not comparable to him in bulk; formidable and most mighty, he has been ever the afflicter (of the enemies of) those men (who worship him); he has his thunderbolt for sharpness, as a bull (his horns).
1.055.02 The firmament-abiding Indra graps the wide-spread waters with his comprehenisve faculties, as the ocean (receives the rivers); he rushes (impetuous) as a bull, to drik of the Soma; he, the warrior, even covets praise for his prowess. [gr.bhn.a_ti vari_mabhih, he graps with his powers of comprehending or collecting (sam.varan.aih) or may be, his vastness (urutvaih)].
1.055.03 You Indra, have not (struck) the cloud for (your own) enjoyment; you rulest over those who are possessed of great wealth; that divinity is known by us to surpass all others in strength; the haughty (Indra) takes precedence of all gods, on account of his exploits.
1.055.04 He verily is glorified by adoring (sages) in the forest; he proclaims his beautiful vigour amongst men ; he is the granter of their wishes (to those who solicit him); he is the encourager of those who desire to worship (him), when the wealthy offerer of oblations, enjoying his protection, recites his praise.
1.055.05 Indra the warrior, engages in many great conflicts for (the good of) man, with overwhelming prowess; when he hurls his fatal shaft, every one immediately has faith in the resplendent Indra.
1.055.06 Ambitious of renown, destroying the well-built dwellings of the asuras, expanding like the earth, and setting the (heavenly) luminaries free from concealment, he, the performer of good deeds, enables the waters to flow for the benefit of his worshippers.
1.055.07 Drinker of Soma, may your mind incline to grant our desires; hearer of praises, let your coursers be present (at our sacrifice); your charioteers are skillful in restraining (your steeds); nor, Indra, can crafty (enemies) bearing arms prevail against you.
1.055.08 You hold in your hands unexhausted wealth; you, renowned (Indra), have irresistible strength in your body; your limbs are invested with (glorious) exploits, as well as (are surrounded by those who come for water); in your member, Indra, are many exploits. [The simile is with wells].
r.s.i: savya a_n:girasa; devata_: indra; chanda: jagati_ @/; à pU/vIr£ Av/ tSy? c/iè;ae =?Tyae/ n yae;a/m! %d£ A?y<St -u/vRi[>? ,
d]?m! m/he pa?yyte ihr/{yy</ rw?m! Aa/v&Tya/ hir?yaeg/m! \_v?sm! . 1-056-01
t< gU/tRyae? nem/iÚ;>/ prI?[s> smu/Ô< n s</cr?[e sin/:yv>? ,
pit</ d]?Sy iv/dw?Sy/ nU shae? ig/ir< n ve/na Aix? raeh/ tej?sa . 1-056-02
s tu/vRi[?r£ m/haç A?re/[u paE<Sye? ig/rer£ -&/iòr£ n æa?jte tu/ja zv>? ,
yen/ zu:[?m! ma/iyn?m! Aay/sae mde? Ê/Ø Aa/-U;u? ra/my/n! in dam?in . 1-056-03
de/vI yid/ tiv?;I/ Tvav&?xae/ty/ #NÔ</ is;?®y! %/;s</ n sUyR>? ,
yae x&/:[una/ zv?sa/ bax?te/ tm/ #y?itR re/[um! b&/hd£ A?hRir/:vi[>? . 1-056-04
iv yt! it/rae x/é[/m! ACyu?t</ rjae =?itiópae id/v Aata?su b/hR[a? ,
SvmI¦£he/ yn! md? #NÔ/ h:yaRh?n! v&/Ç< inr£ A/pam! AaE?âae A[R/vm! . 1-056-05
Tv< id/vae x/é[<? ix;/ Aaej?sa p&iw/Vya #?NÔ/ sd?ne;u/ maih?n> ,
Tv< su/tSy/ mde? Air[a A/pae iv v&/ÇSy? s/mya? pa/:yaéj> . 1-056-061.056.01 Veracious (Indra) has risen up (as ardently) as a horse (approaches) a mare, to partake of the copious libations (contained) in the (sacrificial) ladles; having stayed his well-horsed, golden, and splendid chariot, heplies himself, capable of heroid (actions with Soma).
1.056.02 His adorers, bearing oblations, are thronging round (him), as (merchants) covetous of gain crowd the ocean (in vessels) on a voyage ascend quickly, with a hymn to the powerful Indra, the protector of the solemn sacrifice, as wome (climb) a mountain. [Women climb a hill to gather flowers].
1.056.03 He is quick in action, and mighty; his faultless and desructive prowess shines in manly (conflict) like the peak of a mountain (afar), with which, clothed in metal (armour), he, the supressor of the malignant, when exhilarated (by Soma), cast the wily S'us.n.a into prison and into bonds. [a_yasah = of iron, i.e. whose body is defended by armour of metal; an intimation of Indra as an idol].
1.056.04 Divine strength waits, like the sun upon the dawn, upon that Indra who is made more powerful for protection by you, (his worshipper), who with resolute vigour resists the gloom, and inflicts severe castigation uon his enemies, making them cry aloud (with pain).
1.056.05. When you, destroying Indra, did distribute the (previously) hidden life-sustaining, undecaying waters through the different quarters of the heaven, then, animated (by Soma), you did engage in battle, and with exulting (prowess) slew Vr.tra, and did send down an ocean of waters.
1.056.06 You, mighty Indra, send down from the heaven by your power, upon the realms of earth, the (world) sustaining rain; exhilarated (by Soma), you have expelled the waters (from the clouds), and have crushed Vr.tra by a solid rock. [s'amaya_ pa_s.ya_ = sama, whole, entire; hence, pa_s.ya may mean a stone (or a spear?)]