\Gved m{fl 1 Rig Veda Sam.hita_: English Translation
based on Sa_yan.a and WilsonRigveda Sam.hita_: Mandala 1
r.s.i : madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: agni; chanda: ga_yatri_
First As.t.aka Anuva_ka IA/i¶m! $?¦e pu/raeih?t< y/}Sy? de/vm! \/iTvj?m! ,
haeta?r< rÆ/xat?mm! . 1-001-011.001.01 I glorify Agni, the high priest of the sacrifice, the divine, the ministrant, who presents the oblation (to the gods), and is the possessor of great wealth. [Agni = purohita, the priest who superintends family rites; or, he is one of the sacred fires in which oblations are first (pura) offered (hita); deva: a god, the bright, shining, radiant; fr. div, to shine; or, one who abides in the sky or heaven (dyusha_na); or, liberal, donor (in the sense of giving); r.tvij = a ministering priest, he is also the hota_ (Aitareya Bra_hman.a 3.14), the priest who presents the oblation or who invokes or summons the deities to the ceremony; fr. hu, to sacrifice; or, fr. hve, to call; ratnadha_tama: lit. holder of jewels; ratna = wealth in general; figurately, reward of religious rites].A/i¶> pUvêR?i-/r£ \i;?i-/r£ $f(ae/ nUt?nEr£ %/t ,
s de/vaç @h v?]it . 1-001-021.001.02 May that Agni who is to be celebrated by both ancient and modern sages conduct the gods hither. [pu_rva and nu_tana, former and recent are terms appled to r.s.is or sages; former r.s.is are: Bhr.gu, An:giras; they are also termed praja_patis (Vis.n.u Pura_n.a)]A/i¶na? r/iym! A?îv/t! pae;?m! @/v id/ve-id?ve ,
y/zs<? vI/rv?Ämm! . 1-001-031.001.03 Through Agni the worshipper obtains that affluence which increases day by day, which is the source of fame and multiplier of mankind.A¶e/ y< y/}m! A?Xv/r< iv/ñt>? pir/-Ur£ Ais? ,
s #d£ de/ve;u? gCDit . 1-001-041.001.04 Agni, the unobstructed sacrifice of which you are on every side the protector, assuredly reaches the gods. [Adhvaram yajn~m, free from injury or interruption; 'on every side': fires at a sacrifice are lighted at four cardinal points: a_havani_ya, ma_ja_li_ya, ga_rhapatya and agni_dhri_ya].A/i¶r£ haeta? k/iv³?tu> s/Tyz! ic/Çï?vStm> ,
de/vae de/vei-/r£ Aa g?mt! . 1-001-051.001.05 May Agni, the presenter of oblations, the attainer of knowledge, he who is true, renowned, and divine, come hither with the gods. [kavi-kratu: one by whom either knowledge or religious acts (kratu) are acquired or performed (kra_nta); a synonym of Agni].yd£ A/¼ da/zu;e/ Tvm! A¶e? -/Ô< k?ir/:yis? ,
tvet! tt! s/Tym! A?i¼r> . 1-001-061.001.06 Whatever good you may, Agni, bestow upon the giver (of the oblation), that verily, An:giras shall revert to you. [An:giras = an:ga_ra, a live coal (Nirukta 3.17); 'the coals became the An:girasas', ye an:ga_ra_h a_sanste an:giraso abhavan (Aitareya Bra_hman.a 3.34); the legend: (Maha_bha_rata, Vanaparvan, Vol. II) Ma_rkand.eya tells Yudhis.t.hira, when the latter asks, "How is it that while Agni, went too the forest and ceased his functions; yet, An:giras became Agni to convey the oblations to gods? How is it that Agni, who is one, becomes many?" Agni, says Ma_rkan.d.eya, engaged in penance and relinquished his duties; Muni An:giras took upon himself the office of Agni. When he prevailed upon Agni to resume his office, the latter became his son; his descendants, the An:girasas, therefore are also the descendants of Agni, or so many Agnis, or fires. The fires are enumerated at length, explained as personification of light, of luminous bodies, of divisions of time, of celestial phenomena, and fires adapted to peculiar occasions (full-moon, changes in phases of moon or to particular rites, as'vamedha, ra_jasu_ya, pa_ka yajn~as (sacrifices with food), obsequial and funeral fires, expiatory fires). A further legend is told: First Agni is called Saha, who hid himself in the ocean to avoid the approach of Niyata, the son of Bharata, the fire of the funeral pile. The text says, 'through fear'; Sa_yan.a adds: either through fear of being rendered impure by his contact, or being ashamed of his relationship, Niyata being his own grandson. When gods came looking for Agni, the latter designated as his substitute, Atharvan, also called An:giras].%p? Tva¶e id/ve-id?ve/ dae;a?vStr£ ix/ya v/ym! ,
nmae/ -r?Nt/ @m?is . 1-001-071.001.07We approach you, Agni, with reverential homage in our thoughts, daily, both morning and evening.raj?Ntm! AXv/ra[a<? gae/pam! \/tSy/ dIid?ivm! ,
vxR?man</ Sve dme? . 1-001-081.001.08 You, the radiant, the protector of sacrifice, the constant illuminator of truth, increasing in your own dwelling.s n>? ip/tev? sU/nve =?¶e sUpay/nae -?v ,
sc?Sva n> Sv/Stye? . 1-001-091.001.09 Agni, be to us easy of access, as is a father to his son; be ever present with us for our good.
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: 1-3 Va_yu, 4-6 indra_Va_yu, 7-9: mitra_varun.a; chanda: ga_yatri_ vay/v! Aa ya?ih dzRte/me saema/ Ar<?k«ta> ,
te;a?m! paih ïu/xI hv?m! . 1-002-011.002.01 Va_yu, pleasant to behold, approach; these libations are prepared for you drink of them; hear our invocation.vay? %/Kwei-?r£ jrNte/ Tvam! ACDa? jir/tar>? ,
su/tsae?ma Ah/ivRd>? . 1-002-021.002.02 Va_yu, your praisers praise you with holy praises having poured out Soma juice, and knowing the (fit) season. [With ukthas = with s'astras (hymns of praise recited, not chanted or sung].vayae/ tv? àp&Â/tI xena? ijgait da/zu;e? ,
%/ê/cI saem?pItye . 1-002-031.002.03 Va_yu, your approving speech comes to the giver (of the libation), and to many (others who invite you) to drink of the Soma juice. [Your approving speech: va_yu is supposed to say: 'I will drink the libation'].#NÔ?vayU #/me su/ta %p/ àyae?i-/r£ Aa g?tm! ,
#Nd?vae vam! %/ziNt/ ih . 1-002-041.002.04 Indra and Va_yu, these libations are poured out (for you); come hither with food (for us); verily the drops (of the Soma juice) await you both.vay/v! #NÔ?z! c cetw> su/tana<? vaijnIvsU ,
tav! Aa ya?t/m! %p? Ô/vt! . 1-002-051.002.05 Indra and Va_yu, abiding in the sacrificial rite, you are aware of these libations; come both (then) quickly hither.vay/v! #NÔ?z! c suNv/t Aa ya?t/m! %p? in:k«/tm! ,
m/úv! @e/Twa ix/ya n?ra . 1-002-061.002.06 Va_yu and Indra, come to the rite of the sacrificer, for thus, men, will completion be speedily (attained) by the ceremony.im/Ç< ÷?ve pU/td?]</ vé?[< c ir/zad?sm! ,
ixy<? "&/tacI/ sax?Nta . 1-002-071.002.07 I invoke Mitra, of pure vigour, and Varun.a, the devourer of foes; the joint accomplishers of the act bestowing water (on the earth). [Mitra = the Sun; Varun.a = the regent of the waters; both are among the twelve A_dityas; Mitra presides over day, Varun.a presides over night; dhiyam ghr.ta_ci_m sa_dhanta_: dhi, an act; ghr.ta_ci_m, water-shedding].\/ten? imÇavé[av! \tav&xav! \tSp&za ,
³tu?m! b&/hNt?m! Aazawe . 1-002-081.002.08 Mitra and Varun.a, augmenters of water, dispensers of water, you connect this perfect rite with its true (reward). [R.ta_vr.dhau: r.ta = tue or truth; it also signifies water and sacrifice].k/vI nae? im/Çavé?[a tuivja/ta %?é/]ya? ,
d]<? dxate A/ps?m! . 1-002-091.002.09 Sapient Mitra and Varun.a, prosper our sacrifice and increase our strength; you are born for the benefit of many, you are the refuge of multitudes.
r.s.i = madhucchanda_: vais.va_mitra; devata_: 1-3 as'vini_kuma_ra, 4-6 indra, 7-9 vis'vedeva_, 10-12 sarasvati_; chanda: ga_yatri_ Aiñ?na/ yJv?rI/r£ #;ae/ Ôv?Tpa[I/ zu-?s! ptI ,
pué?-uja cn/Syt?m! . 1-003-011.003.01 As'vins, cherishers of pious acts, long-armed, accept with outstretched hands the sacrificial viands.Aiñ?na/ pué?d<ssa/ nra/ zvI?rya ix/ya ,
ix:{ya/ vn?t</ igr>? . 1-003-021.003.02 As'vins, abounding in mighty acts, guides (of devotion), endowed with fortitude, listen with unaverted minds to our praises. [Long-armed: purubhuja, also explained as: great eaters].döa? yu/vak?v> su/ta nas?Tya v&/b?ihR;> ,
Aa ya?t< éÔvtRnI . 1-003-031.003.03 As'vins, destroyers of foes, exempt from untruth, leaders in the van of heroes, come to the mixed libations sprinkled on the lopped sacred grass. [darsa = destroyers of foes or diseases; 'as'vinau vai deva_na_m bhis.ajau--iti sruteh', the two as'vins are verily the physicians of the gods, according to the Veda. rudra-vartani: rudra, fr. rud, weeping; yad arodi_t tad rudrasya rudratvam: in as much as he wept, thence came the property or function of rudra (Taittiri_ya Sam.hita_ 1.5.1.1); hence, Rudra = heroes, they who make their enemies weep; vartani = a road or way; in this hymn, it is the front of the way, the van; hence rudra, heroes are in the van of warriors. vr.ktabarhis.ah: kus'a grass has the roots cut off and is spread on the vedi_ (altar) and upon it is added the libation of Soma, or oblation of clarified butter, poured; it is also a seat for the deity or deities invoked to the sacrifice].#NÔa ya?ih icÇ-anae su/ta #/me Tva/yv>? ,
A{vI?i-/s! tna? pU/tas>? . 1-003-041.003.04 Indra, of wonderful splendour, come hither; these libations, ever pure, expressed by the fingers (of the priests) are desirous of you.#NÔa ya?ih ix/yei;/tae ivà?jUt> su/tav?t> ,
%p/ äüa?i[ va/"t>? . 1-003-051.003.05 Indra, apprehended by the understanding and appreciated by the wise, approach and accept the prayers of the priest as he offers the libation.#NÔa ya?ih/ tUtu?jan/ %p/ äüa?i[ hirv> ,
su/te d?ix:v n/z! cn>? . 1-003-061.003.06 Fleet Indra with the tawny coursers, come hither to the prayer (of the priest), and in this libation accept our (proffered) food.Aaema?sz! c;R[Ix&tae/ ivñe? devas/ Aa g?t ,
da/ña<sae? da/zu;>? su/tm! . 1-003-071.003.07 Universal Gods, protectors and supporters of men, bestowers (of rewards) come to the libation of the worshipper. [vis'vedevas = divinities in general; sometimes, they are a class connected with the elements].ivñe? de/vasae? A/Ýur>? su/tm! Aa g?Nt/ tU[R?y> ,
%/öa #?v/ Svs?rai[ . 1-003-081.003.08 May the swift-moving universal Gods, the shedders of rain, come to the libation, as the solar rays come diligently tot he days.ivñe? de/vasae? A/iöx/ @ih?mayasae A/Ôéh>? ,
mex<? ju;Nt/ vû?y> . 1-003-091.003.09 May the universal Gods, who are exempt from decay, omniscient, devoid of malice, and bearers of (riches), accept the sacrifice. [ehima_ya_sah: those who have obtained knowledge universally, sarvatah vya_ptaprajn~ah; or, the term may refer to a legend: vis'vedevas addressed Agni, Saucika, who had gone into the water, saying ehi, come, ma_ ya_sih, do not go away; hence they got the appellation, ehima_ya_sah].pa/v/ka n>/ sr?SvtI/ vaje?i-r£ va/ijnI?vtI ,
y/}< v?òu ix/yav?su> . 1-003-101.003.10 May Sarasvati_, the purifier, the bestower of food, the recompenser of worship with wealth, be attracted by our offered viands to our rite. [Sarasvati_ = va_g-devata_, divinity of speech].cae/d/iy/ÇI sU/n&ta?na</ cet?NtI sumtI/nam! ,
y/}< d?xe/ sr?SvtI . 1-003-111.003.11 Sarasvati_, the inspirer of those who delight in truth, the instructress of the right-minded, has accepted our sacrifice.m/hae A[R>/ sr?SvtI/ à ce?tyit ke/tuna? ,
ixyae/ ivña/ iv ra?jit . 1-003-121.003.12 Sarasvati_, makes manifest by her acts a mighty river, and (in her own form) enlightens all understandings. [sarasvati_ is the river in this hymn: dvividha_ hi sarasvati_ vigrahavaddevata_ nadi_ru_pa_ ca, tatra sarasvati_tyetasya nadi_vaddevata_vacca nigama_ bhavanti (Nirukta 2.23)].
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ Anuva_ka II su/ê/p/k«/Æum! ^/tye? su/Ê"a?m! #v gae/Êhe? ,
ju/ø/mis/ *iv?-*iv . 1-004-011.004.01 Day by day we invoke the doer of good works for our protection, as a good cow for the milking (is called by the milker).%p? n>/ sv/na g?ih/ saem?Sy saempa> ipb ,
gae/da #d£ re/vtae/ md>? . 1-004-021.004.02 Drinker of the Soma juice, come to our (daily) rites, and drink of the libation; the satisfaction of (you who are) the bestower of riches, is verily (the cause of) the gift of cattle.Awa? te/ ANt?mana< iv/*am? sumtI/nam! ,
ma nae/ Ait? Oy/ Aa g?ih . 1-004-031.004.03 We recognize you in the midst of the right-minded, who are nearest to you; come to us; pass us not by to reveal (yourself to others). [ma_no ati khyah = lit. do not speak beyond us].pre?ih/ iv¢/m! ASt&?t/m! #NÔ?m! p&CDa ivp/iít?m! ,
ys! te/ sio?_y/ Aa vr?m! . 1-004-041.004.04 Go, worshipper, to the wise and uninjured Indra, who bestows the best (of blessings) on your friends, and ask him of the (fitness of the) learned (priest who recites his praise).%/t äu?vNtu nae/ indae/ inr£ A/Nyt?z! icd£ Aart ,
dxa?na/ #NÔ/ #d£ Êv>? . 1-004-051.004.05 Let our ministers, earnestly performing his worship, exclaim, Depart your revilers from hence and every other place (where he is adored). [bruvantu = let them say, hence, let them praise Indra].%/t n>? su/-ga?ç A/irr£ vae/ceyu?r£ dSm k«/òy>? ,
Syamed£ #NÔ?Sy/ zmR?i[ . 1-004-061.004.06 Destroyer of foes, let our enemies say we are prosperous; let men (congratulate us); may we ever abide, in the felicity (derived from the favour) of Indra.@m! Aa/zum! Aa/zve? -r y}/iïy<? n&/mad?nm! ,
p/t/yn! m?Nd/yTs?om! . 1-004-071.004.07 Offer to Indra, the pervader (of every rite of libation), the juice that is present (at the three ceremonies), the grace of the sacrifice, the exhilarator of mankind, the perfecter of the act, the favourite of (that Indra) who gives happiness (to the offerer). [Epithets of Soma: karman.i pra_nuvantam, the perfecter of the acts (patayantam = causing to fall); mandayatsakham, friend of the delighter].A/Sy pI/Tva z?t³tae "/nae v&/Ça[a?m! A-v> ,
àavae/ vaje?;u va/ijn?m! . 1-004-081.004.08 Having drunk, S'atakratu, of this (Soma juice), you became the slayer of the Vr.tras; you defend the warrior in battle. [S'atakratu = Indra, connected with a hundred (many) acts, religious rites, bahu-karma-yukta, either as the performer of rites, or the object of the rites; or, alternatively, 'endowed with great wisdom'; kratu = karma, act or prajn~a, knowledge; vr.tra_n.a_m = enemies of whom the asura, Vr.tra was the chief].t< Tva/ vaje?;u va/ijn<? va/jya?m> zt³tae ,
xna?nam! #NÔ sa/tye? . 1-004-091.004.09 We offer to you, S'atakratu, the mighty in battle, (sacrificial) food for the acquisition, Indra, of riches.yae ra/yae =/vin?r£ m/han! su?pa/r> su?Nv/t> soa? ,
tSma/ #NÔa?y gayt . 1-004-101.004.10 Sing unto that Indra who is the protector of wealth, the mighty, the accomplisher of good deeds, the friend of the offerer of the libation.
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ Aa Tv! @ta/ in ;I?d/teNÔ?m! A/i- à ga?yt ,
soa?y/ Staem?vahs> . 1-005-011.005.01 Hasten hither, friends, offering praises; sit down, and sing repeatedly the praises of Indra. [stoma-va_hasah = lit. bearing praises; 'presenting in this rite Trivr.t, Pan~cadas'a, and others', trivr.tpan~cadas'a_distoma_nasmin karman.i bahanti pra_payanti_ti; i.e. collection of laudatory hymns in the R.gveda (Vis.n.u Pura_n.a)].pu/ê/tm?m! puê/[am! $za?n</ vayaR?[am! ,
#NÔ</ saeme/ sca? su/te . 1-005-021.005.02 When the libation is poured forth, respectively praise Indra, the discomfiter of many enemies, the lord of many blessings.s "a? nae/ yaeg/ Aa -u?v/t! s ra/ye s pur<?Xyam! ,
gm/d£ vaje?i-/r£ Aa s n>? . 1-005-031.005.03 May he be to us for the attainment of our objects; may he be to us for the acquisition of riches; may he be to us for the acquisition of knowledge; may he come to us with food.ySy? s</Swe n v&/{vte/ hrI? s/mTsu/ zÇ?v> ,
tSma/ #NÔa?y gayt . 1-005-041.005.04 Sing to that Indra, whose enemies in combat await not his coursers harnessed in his car.su/t/paëe? su/ta #/me zuc?yae yiNt vI/tye? ,
saema?sae/ dXya?izr> . 1-005-051.005.05 These pure Soma juices, mixed with curds, are poured out for the satisfaction of the drinker of the libations.Tv< su/tSy? pI/tye? s/*ae v&/Ïae A?jaywa> ,
#NÔ/ JyEó(a?y su³tae . 1-005-061.005.06 Your, Indra, performer of good works, has suddenly become of augmented vigour for the sake of drinking the libation, and (maintaining) seniority (among the gods). [jayis.t.hyam = fr. yes.t.ha, eldest, oldest, best or chiefest].Aa Tva? ivzNTv! Aa/zv>/ saema?s #NÔ igvR[> ,
z< te? sNtu/ àce?tse . 1-005-07
1.005.07 Indra, who are the object of praises, may these pervading Soma juices enter into you; may they be propitious for your (attainment of) superior intelligence.
Tva< Staema? AvIv&x/n! Tvam! %/Kwa z?t³tae ,
Tva< v?xRNtu nae/ igr>? . 1-005-081.005.08 The chants (of the Soma) have magnified you, S'atakratu, the hymns (of the R.k) have magnified you; may our praises magnify you. [stoma_h, praises of the singers of the Sa_ma (Sa_maga_na_m sytotra_n.i); uktha_, hymns of the reciters of bahvr.c (bahvr.ca_na_m s'astra_n.i)].Ai]?taeit> sned£ #/m< vaj/m! #NÔ>? sh/iö[?m! ,
yiSm/n! ivña?in/ paE<Sya? . 1-005-091.005.09 May Indra, the unobstructed protector, enjoy these manifold (sacrificial) viands, in which all manly properties abide.ma nae/ mtaR? A/i- Ôé?hn! t/nUna?m! #NÔ igvR[> ,
$za?nae yvya v/xm! . 1-005-101.005.10 Indra, who are the object of praises, let no men do injury to our persons; you are mighty, keep off violence.
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: 1-3 indra; 4,6,8,9 marudgan.a; 5,7 marudgan.a and indra; 10 indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ yu/ÃiNt? ä/×m! A?é/;< cr?Nt/m! pir? t/Swu;>? ,
raec?Nte raec/na id/iv . 1-006-01
1.006.01 The circumstationed (inhabitants of the three worlds) associate with (Indra), the mighty (Sun), the indestructive (fire), the moving (wind), and the lights that shine in the sky. [paritasthus.ah, those who are standing around; or, lokatrayavarttinah pra_n.inah, the living beings of the three worlds; vradhna = mighty (A_ditya); arus.a = non-injuring (fire); caran = moving (wind). Taittiri_ya Bra_hman.a endorses the equivalence: A_ditya, Agni, Va_yu (asau va_, a_dityo vradhnah; agnir va_ arus.ah; va_yurvai caran) (3.9.4.1-2); identification of Indra with the three epithets implies his supremacy: paramais'varyayukta].yu/ÃNTy! A?Sy/ kaMya/ hrI/ ivp?]sa/ rwe? ,
zae[a? x&/:[U n&/vah?sa . 1-006-021.006.02 They (the charioteers) harness to his car his two desirable coursers, placed on either hand, bay coloured, high-spirited, chief-bearing. [Horses of Indra are called hari (Nirukta 1.15.1), perhaps, of yellow colour; s'on.a_ = crimson colour; vipaks.asa_ = harnessed on different sides (of the chariot or pole (?)].ke/tu< k«/{vÚ! A?ke/tve/ pezae? myaR Ape/zse? ,
sm! %/;iÑ?r£ Ajaywa> . 1-006-031.006.03 Mortals, you owe your (daily) birth (to such an Indra), who with the rays of the morning gives sense to the senseless, and to the formless form. [Indra is identified with the sun; marya_h = mortals (pl.); aja_yatha_h - 2nd pers. sg. 1st preterite; an instance of Vedic license; marya_h = marya (sg.)]Aad£ Ah? Sv/xam! Anu/ pun?r£ g-R/Tvm! @?ir/re ,
dxa?na/ nam? y/i}y?m! . 1-006-041.006.04 Thereafter verily those who bear names invoked in holy rites (the Maruts) having seen the rain (about to be engendered), instigated him to resume his embryo condition (in the clouds). [Maruts are aded. Winds drive Indra (firmament) to aggregae clouds, rain collects in their womb].vI/¦u ic?d£ Aaéj/Æui-/r£ guha? icd£ #NÔ/ viû?i-> ,
Aiv?Nd %/iöya/ Anu? . 1-006-051.006.05 Associated with the conveying Maruts, the traversers of places difficult of access, your Indra, have discovered the cows hidden in the cave. [Legend: asuras (pan.is) stole cows of gods (or an:girasas) and hid them in a cave. Indra discovered them with the help of Sarama_].de/v/yNtae/ ywa? m/itm! ACDa? iv/dÖ?su</ igr>? ,
m/ham! A?nU;t ïu/tm! . 1-006-061.006.06 The reciters of praises praise the mighty (troop of Maruts), who are celebrated, and conscious of the power of bestowing wealth, in like manner as they (glorify) the counsellor (Indra).#NÔe?[/ s< ih å]?se s<jGma/nae Aib?_yu;a ,
m/NË s?ma/nv?cRsa . 1-006-071.006.07 May you be seen, Maruts, accompanied by the undaunted Indra; (both) rejoicing, and of equal splendour. [Legend: battle between Indra and Vr.tra: Indra is aided by the gods who were driven away by Vr.tra's dogs; Indra, to obtain superiority, summoned the Maruts to help him].A/n/v/*Er£ A/i-*u?i-r£ m/o> sh?Svd£ AcRit ,
g/[Er£ #NÔ?Sy/ kaMyE>? . 1-006-081.006.08 This right is performed in adoration of the powerful Indra, along with the irreproachable, heavenward- tending, and amiable bands (of the Maruts).At>? pirJm/Ú! Aa g?ih id/vae va? raec/nad£ Aix? ,
sm! A?iSmÚ! \Ãte/ igr>? . 1-006-091.006.09 Therefore, circumambient (troop of Maruts), come hither, whether from the region of the sky or from the solar sphere; for in this rite (the priest) fully recites your praises.#/tae va? sa/itm! $m?he id/vae va/ paiwR?va/d£ Aix? ,
#NÔ?m! m/hae va/ rj?s> . 1-006-101.006.10 We invoke, Indra, whether he come from this earthly region, or from the heaven above, or from the vast firmament; that he may give (us) wealth. [Either the pr.thivi_-loka or the dyu-loka (heaven); antariks.a-loka = sphere of the firmament (space between the earth and heaven, perhaps = vyoman or a_ka_s'a, sky or atmosphere)(Manu, I.13)].
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ #NÔ/m! #d£ ga/iwnae? b&/hd£ #NÔ?m! A/kêRi-?r£ A/ikR[>? ,
#NÔ</ va[I?r£ AnU;t . 1-007-01
1.007.01 The chanters (of the Soma) extol Indra with songs, the reciters of the R.k with prayers, the priests of the Yajus., with texts. [ga_thina = singers; gi_yama_nasa_ma-yukta_ udga_ta_rah, the udgata_s with sa_mas to be chanted; br.hat = br.hata_, songs, with the br.hat-sa_ma; arkinah arkebhih = those of the R.gveda, with hymns; arka = mantra, prayer; va_n.i_h = va_n.i_bhih, with texts or words (a reference, perhaps either to the singers or the reciters of the prayers, perhaps to the texts of the yajus].#NÔ/ #d£ xyaêR>/ sca/ siMm?ð/ Aa v?cae/yuja? ,
#NÔae? v/¿I ih?r/{yy>? . 1-007-02
1.007.02 Indra, the blender of all things, comes verily with his steeds that are harnessed at his word; Indra, the richly-decorated, the wielder of the thunderbolt. [Richly-decorated: hiran.yaya = lit. golden, or made of gold].#NÔae? dI/"aRy/ c]?s/ Aa sUy¡? raehyd£ id/iv ,
iv gaei-/r£ AiÔ?m! @eryt! . 1-007-03
1.007.03 Indra, to render all things visible, elevated the sun in the sky, and charged the cloud with (abundant) waters. [Vr.tra envelopes the world in darkness; to remove darkness, Indra elevated the sun (a_-rohayat = stha_pitava_n, placed) in the dyu-loka (heaven)].#NÔ/ vaje?;u nae =v s/hö?àxne;u c ,
%/¢ %/¢ai-?r£ ^/iti->? . 1-007-04
1.007.04 Invincible Indra, protect us in battles abounding in spoil, with insuperable defences.#NÔ<? v/ym! m?hax/n #NÔ/m! A-êR? hvamhe ,
yuj<? v&/Çe;u? v/i¿[?m! . 1-007-05
1.007.05 We invoke Indra for great affluence, Indra for limited wealth; (our) ally, and wielder of the thunder-bolt against (our) enemies.s nae? v&;Ú! A/mu< c/é< sÇa?dav/Ú! Apa? v&ix ,
A/Sm_y/m! Aà?it:kàt> . 1-007-06
1.007.06 Shedder of rain, granter of all desires, set open this cloud. You are never uncompliant with our (requests).tu/Ãe-tu?Ãe/ y %Ä?re/ Staema/ #NÔ?Sy v/i¿[>? ,
n iv?Nxe ASy suòu/itm! . 1-007-07
1.007.07 Whatever excellent praises are given to other dignities, they are (also the due) of Indra the thunderer; I do not know his fitting praise. [tun~jastun~jaterda_nakarman.ah (Nirukta. 6.17-18)].v&;a? yU/wev/ v<s?g> k«/òIr£ #?y/TY¥ Aaej?sa ,
$za?nae/ Aà?it:kàt> . 1-007-08
1.007.08 The shedder of rain, the mighty lord, the always compliant, invests men with his strength, as a bull (defends) a herd of kine.y @k?z! c;R[I/na< vsU?nam! #r/Jyit? ,
#NÔ>/ pÂ? i]tI/nam! . 1-007-09
1.007.09 Indra, who alone rules over men, over riches, and over the five (classes) of the dwellers on earth. [pan~ca ks.iti_na_m = over the five men or classes of men; i.e. those who are fit for habitations (niva_sa_rha_na_m)].#NÔ<? vae iv/ñt/s! pir/ hva?mhe/ jne?_y> ,
A/Smak?m! AStu/ kev?l> . 1-007-10
1.007.10 We invoke for you, Indra, who is everywhere among men; may he be exclusively our own.
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ Anuva_ka III @NÔ? san/is< r/iy< s/ijTva?n< sda/sh?m! ,
vi;R?óm! ^/tye? -r . 1-008-011.008.01 Indra, bring for our protection riches, most abundant, enjoyable, the source of victory, the humbler of our foes. [in yen? muiòh/Tyya/ in v&/Ça é/[xa?mhE ,
Tvaeta?sae/ Ny! AvR?ta . 1-008-021.008.02 By which we may repel our enemies, whether (encountering them) hand to hand, or on horse-back; ever protected by you. (mus.t.ihatyaya_ = mus.t.ipraha_ren.a) = lit. by striking with the fist; on horseback = with a horse (a reference to infantry and cavalry)].#NÔ/ Tvaeta?s/ Aa v/y< v¿<? "/na d?dImih ,
jye?m/ s< yu/ix Sp&x>? . 1-008-031.008.03 Defended by you, Indra, we possess a ponderous weapon, wherewith we may entirely conquer our opponents.v/y< zUre?i-/r£ ASt&?i-/r£ #NÔ/ Tvya? yu/ja v/ym! ,
sa/s/ýam? p&tNy/t> . 1-008-041.008.04 With you for our ally, Indra, and (aided by) missile-hurling heroes, we are able to overcome (our foes) arrayed in hosts.m/haç #NÔ>? p/rz! c/ nu m?ih/Tvm! A?Stu v/i¿[e? ,
*aEr£ n à?iw/na zv>? . 1-008-051.008.05 Mighty is Indra, and supreme; may magnitude ever (belong) to the bearer of the thunderbolt; may his strong (armies) be ever vast as the heavens.s/mae/he va/ y Aaz?t/ nr?s! tae/kSy/ sin?taE ,
ivàa?sae va ixya/yv>? . 1-008-061.008.06 Whatever men have recourse to Indra in battle, or for the acquisition of offspring, and the wise who are desirous of understanding (obtain their desires).y> kà/i]> sae?m/pat?m> smu/Ô #?v/ ipNv?te ,
%/vIr£ Aapae/ n ka/kàd>? . 1-008-07
1.008.07 The belly of Indra, which quaffs the Soma juice abundantly, swells like the ocean, (and is ever) moist, like the ample fluids of the palate. [urvi_na_po na ka_kudah: ka_kuda = ka_kud, the pinnacle of a mountain; the rendering: 'like the abundant waters (or torrents) from the mountain-tops'].@/va ý! ASy sU/n&ta? ivr/PzI gaem?tI m/hI ,
p/Kva zaoa/ n da/zu;e? . 1-008-081.008.08 Verily the words of Indra to his worshipper are true, manifold, cow- conferring, and to be held in honour; (they are) like a branch (loaded with) ripe (fruit).@/va ih te/ iv-U?ty ^/ty? #NÔ/ mav?te ,
s/*z! ic/t! siNt? da/zu;e? . 1-008-091.008.09 Verily, Indra, your glories are at all times the protectors of every such worshipper as I am.@/va ý! ASy/ kaMya/ Staem? %/Kw< c/ z<Sya? ,
#NÔa?y/ saem?pItye . 1-008-101.008.10 Verily his chanted and recited praises are to be desired and repeated to Indra, that he may drink the Soma juice. [stoma = chanted praises: sa_masa_dhyam stotram, praise to be accomplished by the Sa_maveda; uktha = recited praises: r.k-sa_dhyam s'astram, the unsung praise to be accomplished by the r.ca_. s'astram = a hymn not sung: s'astram apragi_ta-mantrastotram. The repetition of the s'astram is done by hota_ (hotuh-karma); suti and stoma are sanitam stotram, sung or chanted hymn. Thus, s'astra = hymn recited (audibly, or inaudibly); stoma = hymn sung].
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ #NÔeih/ mTSy! ANx?sae/ ivñe?i-> saem/pvR?i-> ,
m/haç A?i-/iòr£ Aaej?sa . 1-009-011.009.01 Come, Indra, and be regaled with all viands libations, and thence, mighty in strength, be victorious (over your foes).@m! @?n< s&jta su/te m/iNdm! #NÔa?y m/iNdne? ,
ci³</ ivña?in/ c³?ye . 1-009-021.009.02 The libation being prepared, present the exhilaratina and efficacious (draught) to the rejoicing Indra, the accomplisher of all things.mTSva? suizà m/iNdi-/ Staeme?i-r£ ivñc;R[e ,
scE/;u sv?ne/:v! Aa . 1-009-031.009.03 Indra with the handsome chin, be pleased with these animating praises; do your, who are to be reverenced by all mankind, (come) to these rites (with the gods). [su-s'ipra = s'ipra, lower law or the nose; thus, handsome-nosed; vis'vacars.an.e = lit. oh! you who are all men: sarva-manus.ya-yukta, who are joined with all men; further qualified: sarvair yajama_naih pu_jyah, to be worshipped by all institutors of sacrifices].As&?¢m! #NÔ te/ igr>/ àit/ Tvam! %d£ A?hast ,
Ajae?;a v&;/-m! pit?m! . 1-009-041.009.04 I have addressed to you, Indra, the showerer (of blessings), the protector (of your worshipers), praises which have reached you, and of which you have approved.s< cae?dy ic/Çm! A/vaRg! rax? #NÔ/ vre?{ym! ,
As/d£ #t! te? iv/-u à/-u . 1-009-051.009.05 Place before us, Indra, precious and multiform riches, for enough and more than enough are assuredly yours.A/Sman! su tÇ? caed/yeNÔ? ra/ye r-?Svt> ,
tuiv?*uç/ yz?Svt> . 1-009-061.009.06 Opulent Indra, encourage us in this rite for the acquirement of wealth, for we are diligent and renowned.s< gaem?d£ #NÔ/ vaj?vd£ A/Sme p&/wu ïvae? b&/ht! ,
iv/ñayu?r£ xe/ý! Ai]?tm! . 1-009-071.009.07 Grant us, Indra, wealth beyond measure or calculation, inexhaustible, the source of cattle, of food, of all life.A/Sme xe?ih/ ïvae? b&/hd£ *u/ç< s?hö/sat?mm! ,
#NÔ/ ta r/iwnI/r£ #;>? . 1-009-081.009.08 Indra, grant us great renown and wealth acquired in a thousand ways, and those (articles) of food (which are brought from the field) in carts. [The text has, 'those car-having viands: ta_ rathini_r-is.ah; this is explained as those articles of food which are conveyed in cars, carts or wagons, from the site of their production, such as rice, barley and other types of grain].vsae/r£ #NÔ</ vsu?pit< gI/i-Rr£ g&/[Nt? \/iGmy?m! ,
haem/ gNta?rm! ^/tye? . 1-009-091.009.09 We invoke for the preservation of our property, Indra, the lord of wealth, the object of sacred verses, the repairer (to the place of sacrifice), praising him with our praises. [ganta_ram = he goes; i.e. ya_gades'e gamana_s'i_lam, he is accustomed to go the chamber which is apporpriated to sacrifices].su/te-su?te/ Nyaekse b&/hd£ b&?h/t @d£ A/ir> ,
#NÔa?y zU/;m! A?cRit . 1-009-101.009.10 With libations repeatedly effused, the sacrificer glorifies the vast prowess of Indra, the mighty, the dweller in (an eternal mansion). [nyokas: fr. ni = niyata, fixed, permanent; okas = dwelling].
r.s.i: madhucchanda_ vais'va_mitra; devata_: indra; chanda: anus.t.up gay?iNt Tva gay/iÇ[ae =?cRNTy! A/kRm! A/ikR[>? ,
ä/üa[?s! Tva zt³t/ %d£ v</zm! #?v yeimre . 1-010-011.010.01 The chanters (of the Soma) hymn you, S'atakratu; the reciters of the R.k praise you, who are worthy of praise; the Bra-hman.as raise you aloft, like a bamboo pole. [ga_yatrin.ah = lit. those who use ga_yatri_ metre: udga_ta_, chanter of Sa_ma hymns; arkin.ah = reciters of the r.ca_: hota_; bra_man.ah = brahma_ of a sacrifice, a priest so denominated and other bra_hman.as (or, utterers of prayer. tva_ va"m.s'am iva udyemire, they have raised you like a bamboo (vam.s'o vanas'ayo bhavati vanana_cchru_yata iti va_ (Nirukta. 5.5); they have elevated Indra, as tumblers raise a bamboo pole, on the summit of which they balance themselves; vam.s'a = family (i.e. as ambitious persons raise their family to consequence)].yt! sanae>/ sanu/m! Aaé?h/d£ -Uy!r£ ASp?ò/ kTvR?m! ,
td£ #NÔae/ Aw¡? cetit yU/wen? v&/i:[r£ @?jit . 1-010-021.010.02 Indra, the showever (of blessings), knows the object (of his worshipper), who has performed many acts of worship (with the Soma gathered) on the ridges of the mountain, and (therefore) comes with the troop (of Maruts). [yat sa_noh sa_num a_ruhat, mounting from ridge to ridge: this is said of the yajama_na, who goes to the mountain to gather soma for bruising, or fuel for the fire, or other articles required for the ceremony].yu/úva ih ke/izna/ hrI/ v&;?[a kúy/àa ,
Awa? n #NÔ saempa ig/ram! %p?ïuit< cr . 1-010-031.010.03 Indra, drinker of the Soma, having put to your long-maned, vigorous, and well-conditioned steeds, come nigh to hear our praises. [kaks.yapra_ = lit. filling out their girths, i.e. well-conditioned].@ih/ Staema?ç A/i- Sv?ra/i- g&?[I/ý! Aa é?v ,
äü? c nae vsae/ sceNÔ? y/}< c? vxRy . 1-010-041.010.04 Come, Vasu, (to this our rite); reply to our hymns, answer (to our praises), respond to (our prayers); be propitious, Indra, to our sacrifice, and (bestow upon us abundant) food. [vasu = Indra, the original donor or cause of habitations; fr. vas, to dwell, niva_saka_ran.a-bhu_ta].%/Kwm! #NÔa?y/ z<Sy</ vxR?nm! puéin/i:;xe? ,
z/³ae ywa? su/te;u? [ae ra/r[?t! s/Oye;u? c . 1-010-051.010.05 The hymn, the cause of increase, is to be repeated to Indra, the repeller of many foes, that S'akra may speak (with kindness) to our sons and to our friends. [s'akra = Indra, the powerful; fr. s'ak = to be able].tm! #t! s?io/Tv $?mhe/ t< ra/ye t< su/vIyêR? ,
s z/³ %/t n>? zk/d£ #NÔae/ vsu/ dy?man> . 1-010-06
1.010.06 We have recourse to Indra for his friendship, for wealth, for perfect might; for he, the powerful Indra, conferring wealth, is able (to protect us).su/iv/v&t<? suin/rj/m! #NÔ/ Tvada?t/m! #d£ yz>? ,
gva/m! Ap? ì/j< v&?ix k«[u/:v raxae? AiÔv> . 1-010-071.010.07 Indra, by you is food (rendered) everywhere abundant, easy of attainment, and assuredly perfect; wielder of the thunderbolt, set open the cow-pastures, and provide (ample) wealth. [Lit. Indra, as the sender of rain, should fertilize the fields, and by providing abundant pasturage, enable the cattle to yield store of milk].n/ih Tva/ raed?sI %/-e \?"a/yma?[/m! #Nv?t> ,
je;>/ SvvRtIr£ A/p> s< ga A/Sm_y<? xUnuih . 1-010-081.010.08 Heaven and earth are unable to sustain you when destroying your enemies; you may command the waters of heaven; send us lberally kine.Aaïu?Tk[R ïu/xI hv</ nU ic?d£ dix:v me/ igr>? ,
#NÔ/ Staem?m! #/mm! mm? k«/:va yu/jz! ic/d£ ANt?rm! . 1-010-091.010.09 Oh! your whose ears hear all things, listen quickly to my invocation; hold in your heart my praises; keep near to you this my hymn, as it were (the words of) a friend.iv/Òa ih Tva/ v&;?Ntm</ vaje?;u hvn/ïut?m! ,
v&;?NtmSy ømh ^/it< s?hö/sat?mam! . 1-010-101.010.10 We know you, liberal rainer (of blessings), the hearer of our call in battles; we invoke the thousand-fold profitable protection of you, the showerer (of bounties).Aa tU n? #NÔ kaEizk mNdsa/n> su/tm! ip?b ,
nVy/m! Aayu>/ à sU it?r k«/xI s?hö/sam! \i;?m! . 1-010-111.010.11 Come quickly, Indra, sone of Kus'ika, delighted drink the libation; prolong the life that merits commendation; make me, who am a R.s.i abundantly endowed (with possessions). [Vis'va_mitra, the sage, is the son of Kus'ika; legend: Kus'ika, the son of Is.irathi, was desirous of a son equal to Indra; he did penance and Indra was born as the son of Ga_thi (Ga_dhi) (Anukraman.ika_ 3.1): kus'ikastvais.i_rathirindratulyam putramicchan brahmacarya caca_ra; tasyendra eva ga_thi_ putro jajn~e].pir? Tva igvR[ae/ igr? #/ma -?vNtu iv/ñt>? ,
v&/Ïayu/m! Anu/ v&Ï?yae/ juòa? -vNtu/ juò?y> . 1-010-121.010.12 May these our praises be on all occasions around you, deserver of praise; may they augment the power of you, who are long-lived, and being agreeable to you, may they yield delight (to us).
r.s.i: jeta_ma_dhucchandasa; devata_: indra; chanda: anus.t.up #NÔ</ ivña? AvIv&xn! smu/ÔVy?cs</ igr>? ,
r/wIt?m< r/wIna</ vaja?na</ sTp?it/m! pit?m! . 1-011-011.011.01 All our praises magnify Indra, expansive as the ocean, the most valiant of warriors who fight in chariots, the lord of food, the protector of the virtuous. [samudra vyacasam = samudra vad vya_tavantam, spreading or pervading like the ocean; Indra, as the firmament is universally diffused].s/Oye t? #NÔ va/ijnae/ ma -e?m zvss! pte ,
Tvam! A/i- à [ae?numae/ jeta?r/m! Ap?raijtm! . 1-011-021.011.02 Supported by your friendship, Indra, cherisher of strength, we have no fear, but glorify you, the conqueror, the unconquered.pU/vIr£ #NÔ?Sy ra/tyae/ n iv d?SyNTy! ^/ty>? ,
ydI/ vaj?Sy/ gaem?t Stae/t&_yae/ m<h?te m/"m! . 1-011-031.011.03 The ancient liberalities of Indra, his protections, will not be wanting to him who presents to the reciters of the hymns, wealth of food and cattle.pu/ram! i-/NÊr£ yuva? k/ivr£ Aim?taEja Ajayt ,
#NÔae/ ivñ?Sy/ kmR?[ae x/taR v/¿I pu?éòu/t> . 1-011-041.011.04 Indra was born the destroyer of cities, ever young, ever wise, of unbounded strength, the sustainer of all pious acts, the wielder of the thunderbolt, the many-praised. [Text: pura_m bhinduh, breaker of cities; added: asura_n.a_m (asuras)].Tv< v/lSy/ gaem/tae =?pavr£ AiÔvae/ ibl?m! ,
Tva< de/va Aib?_yu;s! tu/Jyma?nas Aaiv;u> . 1-011-051.011.05 Your, wielder of the thunderbolt, did open the cave of Vala, who had there concealed the cattle; and the gods whom he had oppressed, no longer feared when they had obtained you (for their ally). [Vala was an asura; he stole the cows of the gods and hid them in a cave; Indra recovered the cattle after surrounding the cave with his army. Pan.is, also cow-stealers, werre the soldiers of Vala (Anukraman.ika_)].tva/h< zU?r ra/iti->/ àTy! Aa?y</ isNxu?m! Aa/vd?n! ,
%pa?itóNt igvR[ae iv/Ê;! qe/ tSy? ka/rv>? . 1-011-061.011.06 (Attracted) by your bounties, I again come, Hero, to you, celebrating (your liberality) while offering this libation; the performers of the rite approach you, who are worthy of praise, for they have known your (munificence).ma/yai-?r£ #NÔ ma/iyn</ Tv< zu:[/m! Ava?itr> ,
iv/Ê;! qe/ tSy/ meix?ra/s! te;a</ ïva</Sy! %t! it?r . 1-011-071.011.07 Your slewest, Indra, by stratagems, the wily S'us.n.a; the wise have known of this your (greatness); bestow upon them (abundant) food. [S'us.n.a is an asura slain by Indra. S'us.n.a = dryer up; bhuta_na_m s'os.an.a-hetum, the cause of the drying or withering of beings: heat or draught; Indra, as the rain puts an end to this; indrah s'us.n.um jagha_na (Nirukta. 3.11)].#NÔ/m! $za?n/m! Aaej?sa/i- Staema? AnU;t ,
s/hö</ ySy? ra/ty? %/t va/ siNt/ -Uy?sI> . 1-011-081.011.08 The reciters of sacred hymns praise with all their might, Indra, the ruler of the world, whose bounties are (computed) by thousands or even more.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: agni, (s.as.t.ha r.ca_ prathama pa_da: nirmathya agni and a_havani_ya agni); chanda: ga_yatri_ Anuva_ka IV A/i¶< Ë/t< v&?[Imhe/ haeta?r< iv/ñve?dsm! ,
A/Sy y/}Sy? su/³tu?m! . 1-012-011.012.01 We select Agni, the messenger of the gods, their invoker, the possessor of all riches, the perfecter of this rite. [Us.anas, son of Kavi, is the messenger of the asuras: agnir deva_na_m du_ta a_si_d; us.ana_h ka_vya asura_n.a_m (Taittiri_ya Sam.hita_ 2.5.8.5)].A/i¶M-A?i¶</ hvI?mi->/ sda? hvNt iv/Zpit?m! ,
h/Vy/vah?m! puéià/ym! . 1-012-021.012.02 (The offerers of oblations) invoke with their invocations, Agni, Agni, the lord of men, the bearer of offerings, the beloved of many. [vis'pati, fr. vis' (praja_h) = progeny, people].A¶e? de/vaç #/ha v?h j}a/nae v&/b?ihR;e ,
Ais/ haeta? n/ $f(>? . 1-012-031.012.03 Agni, generated (by attrition), bring hither the gods to the clipped sacred grass; you are their invoker for us, and are to be adored. [jajn~a_nah = being born, i.e. produced by the friction of two pieces of wood].taç %?z/tae iv bae?xy/ yd£ A?¶e/ yais? Ë/Tym! ,
de/vEr£ Aa s?iTs b/ihRi;? . 1-012-041.012.04 As you discharge the duty of messenger, arouse them desirous of the oblation; sit down with them on the sacred grass."&ta?hvn dIidv>/ àit? :m/ ir;?tae dh ,
A¶e/ Tv< r?]/iSvn>? . 1-012-051.012.05 Resplendent Agni, invoked by oblations of clarified butter, consume our adversaries, who are defended by evil spirits. [raks.asvinah = having or being attended by ra_ks.asas (raks.oyukta_n)].A/i¶na/i¶> sm! #?Xyte k/ivr£ g&/hp?it/r£ yuva? ,
h/Vy/vaf£ ju/þaSy> . 1-012-061.012.06 Agni, the ever young and wise, the guardian of the dwelling (of the sacrificer), the bearer of offerings, whose mouth is (the vehicle) of oblations, is kindled by Agni. [gr.hapati: pati = pa_laka, cherisher, protector; hence, Agni is portrayed here as the protector of the house of the yajama_na; kindled by fire: oblation is poured into a_havani_ya fire, which can be taken from the household fire or produced by churning with sticks].k/ivm! A/i¶m! %p? Stuih s/Tyx?maR[m! AXv/re ,
de/vm! A?mIv/cat?nm! . 1-012-071.012.07 Praise in the sacrifice, Agni, be the protector of that offerr of oblations who worships you, the messenger of the gods.ys! Tvam! A?¶e h/iv:p?itr£ Ë/t< de?v sp/yRit? ,
tSy? Sm àaiv/ta -?v . 1-012-081.012.08 Resplendent Agni, be the protector of that offerr of oblations who worships you, the messenger of the gods.yae A/i¶< de/vvI?tye h/iv:ma?ç Aa/ivva?sit ,
tSmE? pavk m&¦y . 1-012-091.012.09 Be propitious, Pa_vaka, to him, who, presenting oblations for the gratification of the celestials, approaches Agni.s n>? pavk dIid/vae =?¶e de/vaç #/ha v?h ,
%p? y/}< h/ivz! c? n> . 1-012-101.012.10 Agni, the bright, the purifier, bring hither the gods to our sacrifice, to our oblations.s n/ Stva?n/ Aa -?r gay/Çe[/ nvI?ysa ,
r/iy< vI/rv?tI/m! #;?m! . 1-012-111.012.11 Praised with our newest hymn, bestow upon us riches and food, the source of progeny.A¶e? zu/³e[? zae/ic;a/ ivña?i-r£ de/vø?iti-> ,
#/m< Staem<? ju;Sv n> . 1-012-121.012.12 Agni, shining with pure radiance, and charged with all the invocations of the gods, be pleased by this our praise.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: 1.idhma or samiddhi agni, 2. tanu_napa_t, 3.nara_s'am.sa, 4.il.a_, 5.barhi, 6.divyadva_ra, 7.us.a_sa_nakta_, 8.divyahota_ pracetas, 9.tisro devyah: sarasvati_, il.a_, bha_rati_, 10.tvas.t.a_, 11.vanaspati, 12. sva_ha_kr.ti; chanda: ga_yatri_ sus?imÏae n/ Aa v?h de/vaç A?¶e h/iv:m?te ,
haet>? pavk/ yi]? c . 1-013-011.013.01 Agni, who are Susamiddha, invoker, purifier, bring hither the gods to the offerers of our oblation, and do your sacrifice. [The A_pris are twelve including a name of fire, naras'ansa. Su = well; sam = completely; iddha = kindled; hence, Susamiddha = the thoroughly kindled].mxu?mNt< tnUnpad£ y/}< de/ve;u? n> kve ,
A/*a k«?[uih vI/tye? . 1-013-021.013.02 Wise (Agni) who are Tanu_napa_t (= devourer of clarified butter), present this day our well-favoured sacrifice to the gods for their food. [Tanu_napa_t, deourer of clarified butter (tanu_napa); alternatively, tanu = own substance, or fuel, i.e. consumer of its own substance; napa_t = tanaya, son or offspring; alternatively, napa_t = who does not preserve, who destroys].nra/z<s?m! #/h ià/ym! A/iSmn! y/} %p? þye ,
mxu?ijþ< hiv/:k«t?m! . 1-013-031.013.03 I invoke the beloved Nara_s'ams'a, the sweet-tongued, the offere of oblations, to this sacrifice. [Nara_s'am.s'a, him whom men praise: nara s'am.santi].A¶e? su/ot?me/ rwe? de/vaç $?i¦/t Aa v?h ,
Ais/ haeta/ mnu?ihRt> . 1-013-041.013.04 Agni, (who are) I_l.ita (= worshipped), bring hither the gods in an easy-moving chariot, for you are the invoker instituted by men. [I_l.ita, stutah, the worshipped; fr. i_l.a, to adore, to praise].St&/[I/t b/ihRr£ Aa?nu/;g! "&/tp&?óm! mnIi;[> ,
yÇa/m&t?Sy/ c]?[m! . 1-013-051.013.05 Strew, learned priests, the sacred grass, well bound together (in bundles), and sprinkled with clarified butter, the semblance of ambrosia. [Barhis is an appellative of Agni; amr.ta-sama_nasya ghr.tasya or maran.a-rahitasya barhirna_makasya, agneh:amr.ta (clarified butter sprinkled on grass) has the appearance of ambrosia; or agni is immortal].iv ï?yNtam! \ta/v&xae/ Öarae? de/vIr£ A?s/ít>? ,
A/*a nU/n< c/ yò?ve . 1-013-061.013.06 Let the bright doors, the augmenters of sacrifice, (hitherto) unentered, be set open, for certainly today is the sacrifice to be made. [Doors: agnivis'es.amu_rtayah, personifications of agni].nae/;asa? su/pez?sa/iSmn! y/} %p? þye ,
#/d< nae? b/ihRr£ Aa/sde? . 1-013-071.013.07 I invoke the lovely night and dawn to sit upon the sacred grass, at this our sacrifice. [naktam = night; us.as = dawn; they denote two forms of fire, presiding over theose seasons: tat-ka_la_bhima_nivahnimu_rtidvaye].ta su?ij/þa %p? þye/ haeta?ra/ dEVya? k/vI ,
y/}< nae? y]tam! #/mm! . 1-013-081.013.08 I call the two eloquent divine and sage invokers (of the gods), that they may celebrate this our sacrifice. [Two agnis: daivyau hota_rau pracetasau, two divine invokers (pracetasas), who are sages (kavi)].#¦a/ sr?SvtI m/hI it/öae de/vIr£ m?yae/-uv>? ,
b/ihR> sI?dNTv! A/iöx>? . 1-013-091.013.09 May the three undecaying goddesses, givers of delight, Il.a_, Sarasvati_, and Mahi_ (= Bha_rati_), sit down upon the sacred grass. [Mahi = Bha_rati; Il.a_, Sarasvati_, Bha_rati_ are personifications of agni: agnimu_rtayah; they are also three personified flames of fire. As goddesses, Il.a_ = earth (bride of Vis.n.u); Sarasvati_ = goddess of eloquence (wife of Brahma_); Bharati_ = speech (wife of Bharata, an A_ditya)].#/h Tvòa?rm! Ai¢/y< iv/ñê?p/m! %p? þye ,
A/Smak?m! AStu/ kev?l> . 1-013-101.0113.10 I invoke the chief and multiform Tvas.t.r. (= Vis'vakarma_); may he be solely ours. [Tvas.t.a_ = Vis'vakarma_, artificer of the gods, the fabricator of the original sacrificial vase or ladle. tvas.t.a_ vai pas'u_na_m mithuna_na_m ru_kakr.t---iti s'ruteh (Taittiri_ya.Sam.hita_ 6.1.8.5): Tvas.t.a_ forms in animals in pairs; he is also an A_ditya; here he is an Agni: Tvas.tr.-na_makam agnim].Av? s&ja vnSpte/ dev? de/ve_yae? h/iv> ,
à da/tur£ A?Stu/ cet?nm! . 1-013-111.013.11 Present, divine Vanaspati (= lord of the woods), our oblation to the gods, and may true knowledge be (the reward) of the giver.Svaha? y/}< k«?[aet/neNÔa?y/ yJv?nae g&/he ,
tÇ? de/vaç %p? þye . 1-013-121.013.12 Perform the sacrifice conveyed through Sva_ha_ (= an exclamation used in pouring the oblation on the fire) to Indra, in the house of the worshipper; therefore I call the gods hither. [sva_ha_ = an exclamation used in pouring the oblation on the fire, also identified with Agni. Sva_ha_ is called the daughter of Br.haspati, son of An:giras (Maha_bha_rata); she is also the daughter of Daks.a and wife of Agni].
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: vis'vedeva_; chanda: ga_yatri_ @ei-?r£ A¶e/ Êvae/ igrae/ ivñe?i->/ saem?pItye ,
de/vei-?r£ yaih/ yi]? c . 1-014-011.014.01 Come, Agni, to our adoration, and to our praises, with all these gods, to drink the Soma juice; and (do you) offer sacrifice.Aa Tva/ k{va? Aø;t g&/[iNt? ivà te/ ixy>? ,
de/vei-?r£ A¶/ Aa g?ih . 1-014-021.014.02 The kan.va_s (=medha_vinah or sages; r.tvija or officiating priests) invoke you, sapient Agni, and extol your deeds; come, Agni, Agni, with the gods. [kan.va_: descendants or disciples of r.s.i kan.va; here, interpreted as sages (medha_vinah) or officiating priests (r.tvija_)].#/NÔ/va/yU b&h/Spit?m! im/Çai¶m! pU/;[/m! -g?m! ,
Aa/id/Tyan! maé?t< g/[m! . 1-014-031.014.03 Sacrifice (Agni), to Indra, Va_yu, Br.haspati, Mitra, Agni, Pu_s.an and Bhaga, the A_dityas, and the troop of Maruts. [The hymn has only proper names in the objective case; added: 'sacrifice, Agni, to': Mitra, Pu_s.an and Bhaga are A_dityas, forms of the Sun. br.haspati: br.has = br.hat, great, divine, a deity (Pa_n.ini, VI, I, 157); pati = master or protector, as a spiritual preceptor of the gods].à vae? iæyNt/ #Nd?vae mTs/ra ma?diy/:[v>? ,
Ô/Psa mXv?z! cmU/;d>? . 1-014-041.014.04 For all of you are poured out these juices, satisfying, exhilarating, sweet, falling in drops, or gathered in ladles.$¦?te/ Tvam! A?v/Syv>/ k{va?sae v&/b?ihR;> ,
h/iv:m?Ntae Ar</k«t>? . 1-014-051.014.05 The wise priests desirous of the protection (of the gods) having spread the sacred grass, presenting oblations, and offering ornaments, praise you."&/tp&?óa mnae/yujae/ ye Tva/ vh?iNt/ vû?y> ,
Aa de/van! saem?pItye . 1-014-061.014.06 Let the coursers who convey you, glossy-backed, and harnessed at will, bring the gods to drink the Soma juice. [ghr.ta pr.s.t.ha_h, their backs shining with or from clarified butter or ghee (which is the feed for the horses)].tan! yj?Çaç \ta/v&xae =?¶e/ pÆI?vts! k«ix ,
mXv>? suijþ payy . 1-014-071.014.07 Agni, make those objects of veneration, augmenters of pious acts, (participant of the offering), together with their wives; give them, bright-tongued, to drink of the Soma juice.ye yj?Ça/ y $f(a/s! te te? ipbNtu ij/þya? ,
mxae?r£ A¶e/ v;?q£k«it . 1-014-081.014.08 Let those objects of veneration and of praise, drink with your tongue, of the Soma juice, at the moment of libation.AakI/ sUyR?Sy raec/nad£ ivña?n! de/vaç %?;/buRx>? ,
ivàae/ haete/h v?]it . 1-014-091.014.09 Let the wise invoker (of the gods) bring hither from the shining (sphere) of the sun, all the divinities awaking with the dawn.ivñe?i-> sae/Mym! mXv! A¶/ #NÔe?[ va/yuna? ,
ipba? im/ÇSy/ xam?i-> . 1-014-101.014.10 With all the gods, with Indra, Va_yu and the glories (rays) of Mitra (= various forms of Mitra), drink, Agni the sweet Soma juice. [mitrasya dha_mabhih, with the rays or various forms of Mitra].Tv< haeta/ mnu?ihR/tae =?¶e y/}e;u? sIdis ,
sem< nae? AXv/r< y?j . 1-014-111.014.11 Your, Agni appointed by man as the invoker (of the gods) are present at sacrifices; do you present this our oblation.yu/úva ý! Aé?;I/ rwe? h/irtae? dev rae/iht>? ,
tai-?r£ de/vaç #/ha v?h . 1-014-121.014.12 Yoke, divine Agni, your fleet and powerful mares, Rohits (ta_bhih vad.ava_bhih = mares; rohit= red) to your chariott and by them hither bring the gods. [Rohita, is the name of the horse of Agni].
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: 1,5 indra, 2 marudgan.a, 3 tvas.t.a_, 4, 12 agni, 6 mitra_varun.a, 7,10 dravin.oda_, 11 as'vini_kuma_ra; chanda: ga_yatri_ #NÔ/ saem/m! ipb? \/tuna Tva? ivz/NTv! #Nd?v> ,
m/Ts/ras/s! tdae?ks> . 1-015-011.015.01 Indra, drink with R.tu (proper duty, also personified divinity of a season) the Soma juice; let the satisfying drops entered into you, and there abide.mé?t>/ ipb?t \/tuna? pae/Çad£ y/}m! pu?nItn ,
yU/y< ih óa su?danv> . 1-015-021.015.02 Maruts, drink with R.tu from the sacrificial vase; consecrate the rite, for you are bountiful.A/i- y/}< g&?[Iih nae/ ¶avae/ neò>/ ipb? \/tuna? ,
Tv< ih r?Æ/xa Ais? . 1-015-031.015.03 Nes.t.a_ (= Tvas.t.a_), with your spouse, commend our sacrifice to the gods; drink with R.tu, for you are possessed of riches. [Tvas.t.a_ assumes the functions of Nes.t.r. as the priest at a sacrifice].A¶e? de/vaç #/ha v?h sa/dya/ yaein?;u iÇ/;u ,
pir? -U;/ ipb? \/tuna? . 1-015-041.015.04 Agni, bring the gods hither, arrange them in three places (A_havani_ya, Daks.in.a and Ga_rhapatya--three fires) decorate them; drink with R.tu.äaü?[ad£ #NÔ/ rax?s>/ ipba/ saem?m! \/tUçr£ Anu? ,
tved£ ix s/Oym! ASt&?tm! . 1-015-051.015.05 Drink the Soma juice, Indra from the precious vase of the Bra_hman.a ( = Bra_hmanical wealth) after R.tu, for whom your friendship is uninterrupted. bra_hman.a_d-ra_dhasah = lit. from bra_hmanical wealth; explained as a costly or wealthy vessel: dhanabhu_ta_t pa_tra_t; bra_hman.a_d = bra_hman.a_ccham.si, one of the sixteen priests employed in sacrifices, who perhaps holds some ladle or vase in which the offering is presented: tasya sambandhyucchis.t.as camasah, the relation is the ladle that has the leavings].yu/v< d]<? x&tìt/ imÇa?vé[ Ë/¦-?m! ,
\/tuna? y/}m! Aa?zawe . 1-015-061.015.06 Mitra and Varun.a, propitious to pious acts, be present with R.tu at our sacrifice, efficacious and undisturbed (by foes).Ô/iv/[ae/da Ôiv?[sae/ ¢av?hStasae AXv/re ,
y/}e;u? de/vm! $?¦te . 1-015-071.015.07 (The priests) desirous of wealth, holding stones in their hands, praise the divine (Agni) Dravin.odas (= Agni, donor of wealth), both in the primary (e.g. Agnis.t.oma) and subsidiary (e.g. Ukthya) sacrifices. [gra_va-hasta_sah, having stones in their hands, with which to bruise Soma. Gra_va-va_n is one of the 16 priests. Dravin.odas is an appellative of Agni; donor (das) of wealth, or of strength, dravin.a; adhvara is said to be the primary or essential ceremony, prakr.ti-ru_pa, e.g. agnis.t.oma; yajn~a related to mofied ceremonies, vikr.ti-rupes.u, e.g. ukthya, elsewhere refered to as offering with Soma: somasam.sthaya_gam].Ô/iv/[ae/da d?datu nae/ vsU?in/ yain? z&i{v/re ,
de/ve;u/ ta v?namhe . 1-015-081.015.08 May Dravin.odas give us riches that may be heard of; we ask them for the gods.Ô/iv/[ae/da> ip?pI;it ju/haet/ à c? itót ,
ne/ò+ad£ \/tui-?r£ #:yt . 1-015-091.015.09 Dravin.odas desires to drink with the R.tu from the cup of Nes.t.a_ (= tvas.t.a_ or one of 16 officiating priests); hasten, (priest, to the hall of offering); present the oblation, and depart.yt! Tva? tu/rIy?m! \/tui-/r£ Ôiv?[aedae/ yja?mhe ,
Ax? Sma nae d/idr£ -?v . 1-015-101.015.10 Since Dravin.odas, we adore you for the fourth time (i.e. in four r.ks) along with the R.tu; therefore be a benefactor unto us.Aiñ?na/ ipb?t/m! mxu/ dI*?¶I zuicìta ,
\/tuna? y}vahsa . 1-015-111.015.11 As'vins, performers of pious acts, bright with sacrificial fires, acceptors, with the R.tus, of the sacrifice drink the sweet draught.gahR?pTyen sNTy \/tuna? y}/nIr£ A?is ,
de/van! de?vy/te y?j . 1-015-121.015.12 Giver of rewards (Agni = santya, fr. san, to give), being identified with the household fire, and partaker with R.tu of the sacrifice, worship the gods on behalf of their adorer.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_ Aa Tva? vhNtu/ hr?yae/ v&;?[</ saem?pItye ,
#NÔ? Tva/ sUr?c]s> . 1-016-011.016.01 Indra, let your coursers hither bring you, bestower of desires, to drink the Soma juice; may (the priests), radiant as the Sun, (make you manifest).#/ma xa/na "&?t/õuvae/ hrI? #/haep? v]t> ,
#NÔ<? su/ot?me/ rwe? . 1-016-021.016.02 Let his coursers convey Indra in an easy moving chariot hither, where these grains (of parched barley), steeped in clarified butter, are strewn (upon the altar).#NÔ?m! àa/tr£ h?vamh/ #NÔ?m! ày/Ty! AXv/re ,
#NÔ</ saem?Sy pI/tye? . 1-016-031.016.03 We invoke Indra at the morning rite, we invoke him at the succeeding sacrifice, we invoke Indra to drink the Soma juice.%p? n> su/tm! Aa g?ih/ hir?i-r£ #NÔ ke/izi->? ,
su/te ih Tva/ hva?mhe . 1-016-041.016.04 Come, Indra, to our libation with our long-maned steeds; the libation being poured out, we invoke you.sem< n/ Staem/m! Aa g/ý! %pe/d< sv?n< su/tm! ,
gaE/rae n t&?i;/t> ip?b . 1-016-051.016.05 Do you accept this our praise, and come to this our sacrifice, for which the libation is prepared; drink like a thirsty stag (gaura).#/me saema?s/ #Nd?v> su/tasae/ Aix? b/ihRi;? ,
taç #?NÔ/ sh?se ipb . 1-016-061.016.06 These dripping Soma juices are effused upon the sacred grass; drink them, Indra, (to recruit your) vigour.A/y< te/ Staemae? Ai¢/yae ù?id/Sp&g! A?Stu/ z<t?m> ,
Awa/ saem<? su/tm! ip?b . 1-016-071.016.07 May this our excellent hymn, touching your heart, be grateful to you, and thence drink the effused libation.ivñ/m! #t! sv?n< su/tm! #NÔae/ mda?y gCDit ,
v&/Ç/ha saem?pItye . 1-016-081.016.08 Indra, the destroyer of enemies, repairs assuredly to every ceremony where the libation is poured out, to drink the Soma juice for (his) exhilaration.sem< n>/ kam/m! Aa p&?[/ gaei-/r£ AñE>? zt³tae ,
Stva?m Tva Sva/Xy> . 1-016-091.016.09 Do you, S'atakratu, accomplish our desire with (the gift of) cattle and horse; profoundly meditating, we praise you.
r.s.i: medha_tithi ka_n.va; devata_: indra_varun.a_; chanda: ga_yatri_ #NÔa/vé?[yaer£ A/h< s/èajae/r£ Av/ Aa v&?[e ,
ta nae? m&¦at $/åze? . 1-017-011.017.01 I seek the protection of the sovereign rulers (= possessed of extensive dominion or shining very brilliantly), Indra and Varun.a; may they both favour us accordingly.gNta?ra/ ih Swae =?vse/ hv</ ivà?Sy/ mav?t> ,
x/taRra? c;R[I/nam! . 1-017-021.017.02 For you are ever ready, guardians of mankind, to grant protection on the appeal of a minister such as I am.A/nu/ka/m< t?pRyewa/m! #NÔa?vé[ ra/y Aa ,
ta va</ neid?óm! $mhe . 1-017-031.017.03 Satisfy us with wealth, Indra and Varun.a, according to our desires; we desire you ever near us.yu/vakà/ ih zcI?na< yu/vakà? sumtI/nam! ,
-U/yam? vaj/daëa?m! . 1-017-041.017.04 The mingled (libations; yuva_ku = mixture of curds and ghee; s'aci_na_m, mixture of butter milk, water and meal) of our pious rites, the mingled yuva_ku sumati_na_m = (laudations) of our right-minded (= sumati_na_m, priests, are prepare