Rigveda Sam.hita_: Mandala 3

\Gved m{fl 3
 

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra; devata_: agni; chanda: tris.t.up; Anuva_ka I

saem?Sy ma t/vs</ vúy! A?¶e/ viû<? ckwR iv/dwe/ yj?XyE , de/vaACDa/ dI*?dœ yu/Ãe AiÔ<? zma/ye A?¶e t/Nv< ju;Sv . 3-001-01 àaÂ<? y/}< c?k«m/ vxR?ta</ gI> s/imiÑ?rœ A/i¶< nm?sa ÊvSyn! , id/v> z?zasurœ iv/dwa? kvI/na< g&Tsa?y ict! t/vse? ga/tum! $?;u> . 3-001-02 myae? dxe/ meix?r> pU/td?]ae id/v> su/bNxu?rœ j/nu;a? p&iw/Vya> , Aiv?NdÚ! % dzR/tm! A/PSv! ANtrœ de/vasae? A/i¶m! A/pis/ Svs¨?[am! . 3-001-03 Av?xRyn! su/-g<? s/Ý y/þI> ñe/t< j?}a/nm! A?é/;m! m?ih/Tva , izzu</ n ja/tm! A/_y! Aaé/rœ Aña? de/vasae? A/i¶< jin?mn! vpu:yn! . 3-001-04 zu/³ei-/rœ A¼E/ rj? Aatt/Nvan! ³tu?m! puna/n> k/ivi->? p/ivÇE>? , zae/icrœ vsa?n>/ py!rœ Aayu?rœ A/pa< iïyae? immIte b&h/tIrœ AnU?na> . 3-001-05 v/ìaja? sI/m! An?dtI/rœ Ad?Bxa id/vae y/þIrœ Av?sana/ An?¶a>, sna/ AÇ? yuv/ty>/ syae?nI/rœ @k</ g-¡? dixre s/Ý va[I>? . 3-001-06 StI/[aR A?Sy s</htae? iv/ñê?pa "&/tSy/ yaenaE? ö/vwe/ mxU?nam! , ASwu/rœ AÇ? xe/nv>/ ipNv?mana m/hI d/SmSy? ma/tra? smI/cI . 3-001-07 b/æa/[> sU?nae shsae/ Vy! A*aE/dœ dxa?n> zu/³a r?-/sa vpU<?i; , íaet?iNt/ xara/ mxu?nae "&/tSy/ v&;a/ yÇ? vav&/xe kaVye?n . 3-001-08 ip/tuz! ic/dœ ^x?rœ j/nu;a? ivved/ Vy! ASy/ xara? As&j/dœ iv xena>? , guha/ cr?Nt</ sio?i-> iz/vei-?rœ id/vae y/þIi-/rœ n guha? b-Uv . 3-001-09 ip/tuz! c/ g-¡? jin/tuz! c? bæe pU/vIrœ @kae? Axy/t! pIPya?na> , v&:[e? s/pÆI/ zuc?ye/ sb?NxU %/-e A?SmE mnu/:ye in pa?ih . 3-001-10 %/raE m/haA?inba/xe v?v/xaRpae? A/i¶< y/zs>/ s< ih pU/vI> , \/tSy/ yaena?v! Azy/dœ dmU?na jamI/nam! A/i¶rœ A/pis/ Svs¨?[am! . 3-001-11 A/³ae n b/iæ> s?im/we m/hIna<? id†/]ey>? sU/nve/ -a\?jIk> , %dœ %/iöya/ jin?ta/ yae j/jana/pa< g-aˆR/ n&t?mae y/þae A/i¶> . 3-001-12 A/pa< g-¡? dzR/tm! Aae;?xIna</ vna? jjan su/-ga/ ivê?pm! , de/vas?z! ic/n! mn?sa/ s< ih j/Gmu> pin?ó< ja/t< t/vs<? ÊvSyn! . 3-001-13 b&/hNt/ #dœ -a/nvae/ -a\?jIkm! A/i¶< s?cNt iv/*utae/ n zu/³a> , guhe?v v&/Ï< sd?is/ Sve A/Ntrœ A?pa/r ^/vˆR A/m&t</ Êha?na> . 3-001-14 $¦e? c Tva/ yj?manae h/ivi-R/rœ $¦e? sio/Tv< su?m/it< inka?m> , de/vErœ Avae? immIih/ s< j?ir/Çe r]a? c nae/ dMye?i-/rœ AnI?kE> . 3-001-15 %/p/]e/tar/s! tv? suà[I/te =?¶e/ ivña?in/ xNya/ dxa?na> , su/ret?sa/ ïv?sa/ tuÃ?mana A/i- :ya?m p&tna/yUAde?van! . 3-001-16 Aa de/vana?m! A-v> ke/turœ A?¶e m/NÔae ivña?in/ kaVya?in iv/Öan! , àit/ mtaR?Avasyae/ dmU?na/ Anu? de/van! r?iw/rae ya?is/ sax?n! . 3-001-17 in Ê?rae/[e A/m&tae/ mTyaR?na</ raja? ssad iv/dwa?in/ sax?n! , "&/tà?tIk %ivR/ya Vy! A*aEdœ A/i¶rœ ivña?in/ kaVya?in iv/Öan! . 3-001-18 Aa nae? gih s/Oyei->? iz/vei-?rœ m/han! m/hIi-?rœ ^/iti->? sr/{yn! , A/Sme r/iym! b?÷/l< s&ltt?éÇ< su/vac?m! -a/g< y/zs<? k«xI n> . 3-001-19 @/ta te? A¶e/ jin?ma/ sna?in/ à pU/VyaRy/ nUt?nain vaecm! , m/haiNt/ v&:[e/ sv?na k«/tema jNm?Á-jNm/n! inih?tae ja/tve?da> . 3-001-20 jNm?Á-jNm/n! inih?tae ja/tve?da iv/ñaim?Çei-rœ #Xyte/ Aj?ö> , tSy? v/y< su?m/taE y/i}y/Syaip? -/Ôe saE?mn/se Sya?m . 3-001-21 #/m< y/}< s?hsav/n! Tv< nae? dev/Ça xe?ih su³tae/ rra?[> , à y<?is haetrœ b&h/tIrœ #;ae/ nae =?¶e/ mih/ Ôiv?[/m! Aa y?jSv . 3-001-22 #¦a?m! A¶e pué/d&lts<? s/in< gae> z?ñÄ/m< hv?manay sax , Syan! n>? sU/nus! tn?yae iv/java¶e/ sa te? sum/itrœ -U?Tv! A/Sme . 3-001-23 3.001.01 Render me vigorous, Agni, since you have made me the bearer of the Soma to offer it in the sacrifice; honouring the gods who are present, I take hold of the stone (to express Soma); I propitiate them; do you, Agni, protect my person. [Vis'va_mitra was a ks.atriya, of royal or military profession, and was also a monarch for some time; he descended from Kus'a or the lunar lineage and was the ancestor of many royal and saintly persons, who, like himself, were called after their common ancestor, Kus'ikas, or Kaus'ikas. By the force of his austerities, he compelled Brahma_ to admit into the Bra_hman.a order. He sought this position to be equated with Vasis.t.ha, which whom he had disputed earlier. The circumstances of his dispute with Vasis.t.ha are detailed in the Ra_ma_yan.a; the legend is also told in the Maha_bha_rata, Va_yu, Vis.n.u and Bha_gavata Pura_n.as. Vis'va_mitra and Vasis.t.ha had the patronage of hostile princes; but both had friendly relations with the royal family of Ayodhya_, or King Das'aratha and his son, Ra_ma]. 3.001.02 We have performed, Agni, a successful sacrifice; may my praise magnify (you) as worshipping you with fuel and with reverence; (the gods) fromheaven desire the adoration of the pious, who are anxious to praise the adorable and mighty (Agni). 3.001.03 The gods discovered the graceful Agni (concealed) amidst the waters of the flowing (rivers), for the purpose of (sacred) acts; Agni, who is intelligent,of purified vigour, and friendly; who from his birth bestowed happiness on earth and heaven. 3.001.04 The seven great rivers augmented in might the auspicious, pure, and radiant Agni as soon as he was born, in like manner as mares (tend) the newborn foal; the gods cherished the body (of Agni) at his birth. 3.001.05 Spreading through the firmament with shining limbs, sanctifying the rite with intelligent and purifying (energies), and clothed with radiance, he bestows upon the worshiper abundant food and great and undiminished prosperity. 3.001.06 Agni everywhere repairs to the undevouring, undevoured (waters); the vast (offspring) of the firmament, not clothed, yet not naked, seven eternal ever youthfful rivers, sprung from the same source, received Agni as their common embryo. [Undevouring, undevoured waters: anadatir adabdha_, not extinguishing Agni, nor yet evaporated by him; not clothed: avasa_na_ anagna_, not wearing garments but invested by the water as by a robe]. 3.001.07 Aggregated in the womb of the waters, (his rays) spread abroad; and omniform, are here effective for the diffusion of the sweet (Soma), like kine full uddered; the mighty (Heaven and Earth) are the fitting parents of the graceful Agni. [The womb of the waters: the antariks.a, mid-heaven, or the firmament, the region of vapour]. 3.001.08 Son of strength, sustained by all, you shine, possessing bright and rapid rays; when the vigorous Agni is magnified by praise, then the showers of sweet rain descend. 3.001.09 At his birth he knew the udder of his parent and let forth its torrents, and its speech (of thunder); there was no one to detect him, lurking in the deep, with his auspicious associates, (the winds), and the many (waters) of the firmament. [Knew the udder of his parent: pituru_dhan viveda: the parent here is the firmament, and the udder the clouds, or the accumulated stores of rain]. 3.001.10 He cherishes the embryo of the parent (firmament), and of the generator (of the world); he alone consumes many flourishing (plants); the associated brides (of the Sun, Heaven and Earth), who are kind to man, are both of kin to that pure showerer (of blessings); do you, Agni, ever preserve them. 3.001.11 The great Agni increases on the broad unbounded (firmament), for the waters supply abundant nutriment, and placid, he sleeps in the birth-place of the waters for the service of the sister streams. 3.001.12 The invincible Agni, the cherisher of the valiant in battle, the seen of all, shining by his own lustre, the generator (of the world), the embryo of the waters, the chief of leaders, the mighty, is he who has begotton the waters for (the benefit of) the offerer of the libation. 3.001.13 The auspicious timber has generated the graceful and multiform embryo of the waters and the plants; the gods approached him with reverence, and worshipped the adorable and mighty (Agni) as soon as born. 3.001.14 Mighty sins, like brilliant lightning, associate with the self-shining Agni, great in his own abode, as if in a (deep) cavern, as they milk forth ambrosia into the boundless and vast ocean. 3.001.15 I, the institutor of the rite, worship you with oblations; desirous of your favour, I implore your friendship; grant, along with the gods, protection to him who praises you, preserve us with your well-regulated rays. 3.001.16 Approaching you, benevolent Agni, and performing all holy acts that are the cause of opulence, offering oblations with earnestness and in abundance, may we overcome the hostile hosts that are without gods. [May we overcome the hostile: abhis.ya_ma pr.tana_yu_r adeva_n;or, it may mean, may we overcome the hosts of those who are not gods, i.e. the ra_ks.asas, or evil spirits, obstructing sacrifices]. 3.001.17 You, Agni, are the commendable announcer of the gods, cognizant of all sacred rites; placid, you abide among mortals, and, like a charioteer, you follow the gods, accomplishing (their wishes). 3.001.18 The immortal being has sat down in the dwelling of mortals, accomplishing (their) sacrifices; Agni, who is cognizant of all sacred rites, shines with expanded bulk when fed with clarified butter. 3.001.19 Come to us with friendly, auspicious, and mighty aids, you who are great and all-pervading; besto wupon us ample riches, safe from injury, well-spoken of, desirable, and renowned. 3.001.20 I address to you, Agni, who are of old, these eternal as well as recent adorations; these solemn sacrifices are offered to the showerer of benefits, who in every birth is established (among men), cognizant of all that exists. 3.001.21 The undecaying Ja_tavedas, who in every birth is established (among men), is kindled by the Vis'va_mitras; may we, (enjoying) his favour, ever be (held) in the auspicious good-will of that adorable (deity). 3.001.22 Powerful Agni, (fulfiller) of good works, convey, rejoicing this our sacrifice towards the gods; invoker of the gods, bestow upon us abundant food; grant us, Agni, great wealth. 3.001.23 Grant, Agni, to the offerer of the oblation, the earth, the bestower of cattle, the means of many (pious rites), such that it may be perpetual; may there be to us sons and grandsons born in our race, and may your good-will ever be upon us. [This hymn is the refrain of several subsequent su_ktas; this hymn also occurs in the Sa_maveda].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: vais'va_nara agni; chanda: jagati_

vE/ña/n/ray? ix/;[a?m! \ta/v&xe? "&/t< n pU/tm! A/¶ye? jnamis , iÖ/ta haeta?r/m! mnu?;z! c va/"tae? ix/ya r¡/ n k…il?z>/ sm! \?{vit . 3-002-01 s rae?cyj! j/nu;a/ raed?sI %/-e s ma/Çaerœ A?-vt! pu/Ç $f(>? , h/Vy/va¦œ A/i¶rœ A/jr/z! cnae?ihtae Ë/¦-ae? iv/zam! Ait?iwrœ iv/-av?su> . 3-002-02 ³Tva/ d]?Sy/ té?;ae/ ivx?mRi[ de/vasae? A/i¶< j?nyNt/ iciÄ?i-> , é/é/ca/nm! -a/nuna/ Jyaeit?;a m/ham! ATy</ n vaj<? sin/:yÚ! %p? äuve . 3-002-03 Aa m/NÔSy? sin/:yNtae/ vre?{y< v&[I/mhe/ Aÿ?y</ vaj?m! \/iGmy?m! , ra/itm! -&gU?[am! %/izj<? k/iv³?tum! A/i¶< raj?Nt< id/Vyen? zae/ic;a? . 3-002-04 A/i¶< su/çay? dixre pu/rae jna/ vaj?ïvsm! #/h v&/­b?ihR;> , y/töu?c> su/éc<? iv/ñde?Vy< é/Ô< y/}ana</ sax?idiòm! A/psa?m! . 3-002-05 pav?kzaece/ tv/ ih ]y/m! pir/ haet?rœ y/}e;u? v&/­b?ihR;ae/ nr>? , A¶e/ Êv? #/CDma?nas/ AaPy/m! %pa?ste/ Ôiv?[< xeih/ te_y>? . 3-002-06 Aa raed?sI Ap&[/dœ Aa Svrœ m/hj! ja/t< ydœ @?nm! A/psae/ Axa?ryn! , sae A?Xv/ray/ pir? [Iyte k/ivrœ ATyae/ n vaj?satye/ cnae?iht> . 3-002-07 n/m/Syt? h/Vyda?it< SvXv/r< Ê?v/Syt/ dMy<? ja/tve?dsm! , r/wIrœ \/tSy? b&h/tae ivc?;Ri[rœ A/i¶rœ de/vana?m! A-vt! pu/raeih?t> . 3-002-08 it/öae y/þSy? s/imx>/ pir?Jmnae =/¶erœ A?punÚ! %/izjae/ Am&?Tyv> , tasa/m! @ka/m! Ad?xu/rœ mTyˆR/ -uj?m! % lae/km! %/ Öe %p? ja/imm! $?ytu> . 3-002-09 iv/za< k/iv< iv/Zpit/m! manu?;I/rœ #;>/ s< sI?m! Ak«{v/n! Svix?it</ n tej?se , s %/Ötae? in/vtae? yait/ veiv?;/t! s g-R?m! @/;u -uv?ne;u dIxrt! . 3-002-10 s ij?Nvte j/Qre?;u àji}/van! v&;a? ic/Çe;u/ nan?d/n! n is</h> , vE/ña/n/r> p&?wu/paja/ Am?TyaˆR/ vsu/ rÆa/ dy?manae/ iv da/zu;e? . 3-002-11 vE/ña/n/r> à/Æwa/ nak/m! Aaé?hdœ id/vs! p&/óm! -Nd?man> su/mNm?i-> , s pU?vR/vj! j/ny?|! j/Ntve/ xn<? sma/nm! AJm/m! py!rœ @?it/ jag&?iv> . 3-002-12 \/tava?n< y/i}y</ ivà?m! %/KWym! Aa y< d/xe ma?t/irña? id/iv ]y?m! , t< ic/Çya?m</ hir?kezm! $mhe sudI/itm! A/i¶< su?iv/tay/ nVy?se . 3-002-13 zuic</ n yam?Ú! #i;/r< Sv/Ô�#Rz<? ke/tu< id/vae rae?cn/Swam! %?;/buRx?m! , A/i¶m! mU/xaRn<? id/vae Aà?it:k…t</ tm! $?mhe/ nm?sa va/ijn?m! b&/ht! . 3-002-14 m/NÔ< haeta?r</ zuic/m! AÖ?yaivn</ dmU?nsm! %/KWy< iv/ñc?;Ri[m! , r¡/ n ic/Ç< vpu?;ay dzR/tm! mnu?ihRt</ sd/m! #dœ ra/y $?mhe . 3-002-15 3.002.01 We offer to Agni, who is Vais'va_nara, the augmenter of water, praise (as bland) as pure clarified butter; and the priests and the worshipper incite by their (pious) rites the invoker of the gods to his two-fold function, as a wheelwright fabricates a car.[To his twofold function: to the lighting of the ga_rhapatya and a_havani_ya, the domestic and sacrificial fires; cf. vais'va_nara: (Nirukta 7.21)]. 3.002.02 By his birth he lighted up both heaven and earth; he was the praiseworthy son of his parents; the undecaying Agni, the bearer of oblations, the giver of food, the guest of men, the affluent in radiance. 3.002.03 The gods (endowed) with intelligence, gave birth to Agni in the multiform rite by the exertion of preserving strength; desirous of food, I eulogise the great Agni, bright with solar effulgence, and (vigorous) as a horse. 3.002.04 Desiring excellent food, inflicting no disgrace, we solicit the boon of the adorable (Vais'va_nara) from Agni, the benefactor of the Bhr.gus, the object of our desires, who is acquainted with past acts, and shines with celestial splendour. 3.002.05 Men with strewn holy grass, and uplifted ladles, place before them this solemnity for the sake of obtaining happiness, Agni, the bestower of food, the resplendent, the benefactor of all the gods, the remover of sorrow, the perfecter of the (holy) acts of the sacrificer. [The remover of sorrow: the text has rudra, which is translated as: duhkha_na_m dra_vakam, the driver-away of griefs or pains; otherwise, it may be a synonym of Agni]. 3.002.06 Agni, of purifying lustre, invoker of the gods, men desirous of worshipping (you), having strewn the sacred grass, repair to your appropriate abode at sacrifices; bestow upon them wealth. 3.002.07 He has filled both heaven and earth and the spacious firmament, he whom the performers of (sacred) rites have laid hold of as soon as born; he, the sage, the giver of food, is brought like a horse to the sacrificer, for (the sake of) obtaining food. [Yajurveda, 33.75]. 3.002.08 Reverence the bearer of oblations (to the gods), him whose sacrifice is acceptable; worship him by whom all that exists is known, who is friendly to our dwellings; for Agni is the conductor of the great sacrifice, the beholder of all, who has been placed in front of the gods. 3.002.09 The immortals, desirous (of his presence), sanctified the three radiances of the great circumambient Agni; one of them they have placed in the world of mortals as the nourisher (of all); the other two have gone to the neighbouring sphere. [The three radiances: tisrah samidhah = lit., the three fuels, (pa_rthiva vaidyuta su_rya ru_pa_di stisra stanu_h); here, interpreted as three forms or conditions of fire; as, earthy fire, that of the firmament or lightning, and that of heaven, the sun;or, three Vedi cforms, two termed aghara, and one anuya_ja; the celebration of the latter is rewarded by enjoyment in this world, that of the two former by enjoyment in the firmament and heaven]. 3.002.10 Human beings, wishing for wealth, give brightnesss, (by their praises), to the lord of men, the wise (Agni), as they add lustre, (by polishing), to an axe; spreading everywhere, he goes alike through high and low places, and has taken an embryo (condition) in these regions. [In these regions: the two pieces of wood, the attrition of which produces flame]. 3.002.11 The showerer (of benefits), generated in (many) receptacles, flourishes, roaring in various (places) like a lion; Vais'va_nara, the resplendent, the immortal, giving precious treasure to the donor (of the oblation). 3.002.12 Glorified by his adorers, Vais'va_nara of old ascended to the heaven that is above the firmament bestowing wealth upon his (present) worshipper, as he did in former times; he travels, ever vigilant, the common path (of the gods). [The common path: thatis, as the sun's path]. 3.002.13 We implore for present riches, the many-moving tawny-rayed, resplendent Agni, whom mighty venerable, wise, adorable, and dwelling in the sky, the wind (brought down) and deposited (upon the earth). 3.002.14 We implore with prayer the mighty Agni, the giver of food, the unrefusing, (seated on) the front of heaven; the radiant in the sacrifice, him who is to be sought (for by all), the beholder of all, the emblem of heaven, the dweller in light, who is to be awakened at dawn. 3.002.15 We solicit wealth of the adorable (Agni), the invoker of the gods, the pure, the single-minded, the munificent, the commendable, the beholder of all, who is many-coloured like a chariot, elegant in form, and always friendly to mankind.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: vais'va_nara agni; chanda: jagati_

vE/ña/n/ray? p&wu/paj?se/ ivpae/ rÆa? ivxNt x/é[e?;u/ gat?ve , A/i¶rœ ih de/vaA/m&tae? Êv/SyTy! Awa/ xmaR?i[ s/nta/ n Ë?Ê;t! . 3-003-01 A/Ntrœ Ë/tae raed?sI d/Sm $?yte/ haeta/ in;?Äae/ mnu?;> pu/raeih?t> , ]y?m! b&/hNt/m! pir? -U;it/ *ui-?rœ de/vei-?rœ A/i¶rœ #?i;/tae ix/yav?su> . 3-003-02 ke/tu< y/}ana<? iv/dw?Sy/ sax?n</ ivàa?sae A/i¶m! m?hyNt/ iciÄ?i-> , Apa<?is/ yiSm/Ú! Aix? s&ltd/xurœ igr/s! tiSm?n! su/çain/ yj?man/ Aa c?ke . 3-003-03 ip/ta y/}ana/m! Asu?rae ivp/iíta<? iv/man?m! A/i¶rœ v/yun<? c va/"ta?m! , Aa iv?vez/ raed?sI/ -Uir?vpRsa puéià/yae -?Ndte/ xam?i-> k/iv> . 3-003-04 c/NÔm! A/i¶< c/NÔr?w</ hir?ìt< vEñan/rm! A?Psu/;d<? Sv/ivRd?m! , iv/ga/h< tUi[¡/ tiv?;Ii-/rœ Aav&?t/m! -Ui[¡? de/vas? #/h su/iïy<? dxu> . 3-003-05 A/i¶rœ de/vei-/rœ mnu?;z! c j/Ntui-?s! tNva/nae y/}m! pu?é/pez?s< ix/ya , r/wIrœ A/Ntrœ $?yte/ sax?idiòi-rœ jI/rae dmU?na Ai-ziSt/cat?n> . 3-003-06 A¶e/ jr?Sv Svp/Ty Aayu?Ny! ^/jaR ip?NvSv/ sm! #;ae? iddIih n> , vya<?is ijNv b&h/tz! c? jag&v %/izg! de/vana/m! Ais? su/³tu?rœ iv/pam! . 3-003-07 iv/Zpit<? y/þm! Ait?iw</ nr>/ sda? y/Ntar<? xI/nam! %/izj<? c va/"ta?m! , A/Xv/ra[a</ cet?n< ja/tve?ds/m! à z<?siNt/ nm?sa jU/iti-?rœ v&/xe . 3-003-08 iv/-ava? de/v> su/r[>/ pir? i]/tIrœ A/i¶rœ b?-Uv/ zv?sa su/mÔ?w> , tSy? ì/tain? -Uirpae/i;[ae? v/ym! %p? -U;em/ dm/ Aa su?v&/i­i->? . 3-003-09 vEña?nr/ tv/ xama/Ny! Aa c?ke/ yei->? Sv/ivRdœ A-?vae ivc][ , ja/t Aap&?[ae/ -uv?nain/ raed?sI/ A¶e/ ta ivña? pir/-Urœ A?is/ Tmna? . 3-003-10 vE/ña/n/rSy? d</sna?_yae b&/hdœ Air?[a/dœ @k>? Svp/Syya? k/iv> , %/-a ip/tra? m/hy?Ú! Ajayta/i¶rœ *ava?p&iw/vI -Uir?retsa . 3-003-11 3.003.01 Intelligent (worshippers), offer to the powerful Vais'va_nara precious things at holy rites, that they may go (the way of the good), for the immortal Agni worships the gods; therefore, let no one violate eternal duties. 3.003.02 The graceful messenger (of the gods) goes between heaven and earth; sitting (on the altar), and placed before men, he ornaments, the spacious chambers (of sacrifice) with his rays, animated by the gods, and affluent in wisdom. 3.003.03 The wise worship, with (pious) rites, Agni, the sign of sacrifices, the accomplishment of the solemnity, in whom the reciters of (his) praises have accumulated (their) acts (of devotion), and from whom the worshipper hopes for happiness. [The sign of sacrifices: ketum yajn~a_na_m: ketu = a banner; it is often used in the Veda in the sense of prajn~a_paka, a sign, a signal, that which makes any thing known]. 3.003.04 The parent of sacrifices, the invigorator of the wise, the end (of the rite), the instruction of the priests, Agni, who has pervaded heaven and earth in many forms, the friend of man, wise, (and endowed) with splendours, is glorified (by the worshipper). 3.003.05 The gods have placed in this world the delightful Agni in a delightful chariot, the tawny-hued Vais'va_nara, the sitter in the waters, the omniscient, the all-pervading, the endowed with energies, the cherisher, the illustrious. 3.003.06 Perfecting the performance the multiform sacrifice of the worshipper, along with the gods to whom solemnities have been addressed, and together withthe priests, Agni, the charioteer, the swift-moving, the humble-minded, the destroyer of foes, passes along between (heaven and earth). 3.003.07 Agni, praise (the gods that we may enjoy) good offspring and long life; propitiate them by libations; bestow upon us plentiful crops; ever vigilant, gran tfood to the respectable (institutor of this ceremony), for you are the desired of the gods, the object of the pious acts of the devout. [Grant food: vay_msi anna_ni; vayah ks.adma (Nirukta 2.7.7)]. 3.003.08 The leaderes (of holy rites) praise with prostration, for (the sake of) increase, the mighty lord of people, the guest (of men), the regulator eternally of acts, he desired of the priests, the exposition of sacrifices, Ja_tavedas, endowed with (divine) energies. 3.003.09 The resplendent and adorable Agni, riding in an auspicious chariot, has comprehended the whole earth by his vigour; let us glorify with fit praises the acts of that cherisher of multitudes in his own abode. 3.003.10 Vais'va_nara, I celebrate your energies, whereby, O sage, you have become omniscient; as soon as born, Agni, you have occupied the realms (of space), and heaven and earth, and have comprehended all these with yourself. 3.003.11 From acts that are acceptable to Vais'va_nara comes great (wealth); for he, the sage (Agni) alone, bestows (the reward) of zeal in (the performance of) his worship; adoring both his prolific friends, heaven and earth, Agni was born.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: a_pri_su_kta (1 idhma agni or samiddha agni, 2 tanu_napa_t, 3 il.a, 4 barhi, 5 devi_dva_ra, 6 us.a_sa_nakta_, 7 divya hota_ pracetas, 8 tisro devyah: sarasvati_, il.a_, bha_rati_, 9 tvas.t.a_, 10 vanaspati, 11 sva_ha_kr.ti; chanda: tris.t.up

s/imT-s?imt! su/mna? baeXy! A/Sme zu/ca-zu?ca sum/it< ra?is/ vSv>? , Aa de?v de/van! y/jwa?y vi]/ soa/ soI?n! su/mna? yúy! A¶e . 3-004-01 y< de/vas/s! iÇrœ Ah?Ú! Aa/yj?Nte id/ve-id?ve/ vé?[ae im/Çae A/i¶> , sem< y/}m! mxu?mNt< k«xI n/s! tnU?npadœ "&/tyae?in< iv/xNt?m! . 3-004-02 à dIix?itrœ iv/ñva?ra ijgait/ haeta?rm! #/¦> à?w/m< yj?XyE , ACDa/ nmae?i-rœ v&;/-< v/NdXyE/ s de/van! y?]dœ #i;/tae yjI?yan! . 3-004-03 ^/XvaˆR va<? ga/turœ A?Xv/re A?kay!rœ ^/XvaR zae/cIi;/ àiSw?ta/ rja<?is , id/vae va/ na-a/ Ny! Asaid/ haeta? St&[I/mih? de/vVy?ca/ iv b/ihR> . 3-004-04 s/Ý hae/Çai[/ mn?sa v&[a/na #Nv?Ntae/ ivñ/m! àit? yÚ! \/ten? , n&/pez?sae iv/dwe?;u/ à ja/ta A/-Im< y/}< iv c?rNt pU/vI> . 3-004-05 Aa -Nd?mane %/;sa/ %pa?ke %/t Sm?yete t/Nva ivê?pe , ywa? nae im/Çae vé?[ae/ jujae?;/dœ #NÔae? m/éTva?%/t va/ mhae?i-> . 3-004-06 dEVya/ haeta?ra àw/ma Ny! \Ãe s/Ý p&/]as>? Sv/xya? mdiNt , \/t< z&lts?Nt \/tm! #t! t Aa?÷/rœ Anu? ì/t< ì?t/pa dIXya?na> . 3-004-07 Aa -ar?tI/ -ar?tIi-> s/jae;a/ #¦a? de/vErœ m?nu/:yei-rœ A/i¶> , sr?SvtI sarSv/tei-?rœ A/vaRkœ it/öae de/vIrœ b/ihRrœ @d< s?dNtu . 3-004-08 tn! n?s! tu/rIp/m! Ax? pae;iy/Æu dev? Tvò/rœ iv r?ra/[> Sy?Sv , ytae? vI/r> k?mR/{y> su/d]ae? yu/­¢a?va/ jay?te de/vka?m> . 3-004-09 vn?Sp/te =?v s&/jaep? de/van! A/i¶rœ h/iv> z?im/ta sU?dyait , sedœ %/ haeta? s/Tyt?rae yjait/ ywa? de/vana</ jin?main/ ved? . 3-004-10 Aa ya?ý! A¶e simxa/nae A/vaR'œ #NÔe?[ de/vE> s/r¡? tu/rei->? , b/ihRrœ n? AaSta/m! Aid?it> supu/Ça Svaha? de/va A/m&ta? madyNtam! . 3-004-11 3.004.01 Repeatedly, kindled, (Agni), wake up favourably disposed; (endowed) with reiterated lustre, entertain the kind purpose of (granting us) wealth; bring, divine Agni, the gods to the sacrifice; do you, the friend (of the gods), minister, well-affected, to (your) parents. [Repeatedly kindled: samit sama = samiddha; or, susamiddha, an appellative of Agni in the preceding su_ktas]. 3.004.02 Tanu_napa_t, whom the deities, Mitra, Varun.a and Agni, worship daily thrice a day, render this our sacred rain-engendering sacrifice productive of water. 3.004.03 May the all-approved praise reach the invoker of the gods; may Il.a_ first proceed to worship and to praise with prostrations the showerer (of benefits) in his presence; may the adorable (Agni), instigated (by us), worship the gods. [Il.a_ = the il.ita of preceding su_ktas]. 3.004.04 An upward path has been prepared for you both in the sacrifice; the blazing oblations soar aloft; the invoker of the gods has sat down in the centre of the radiant (hall); let us strew the sacred grass for the seats of the gods. [You both: Agni and the Barhis, or sacred grass, to which, as in the parallel pages, the hymn is addressed]. 3.004.05 The gods who gratify the universe with rain are present at the seven offerings (of the ministering priests), when solicited with (sincerity of) mind; may the many deities who are engendered in sensible shapes at sacrifices come to this our rite. [Deities in sensible shapes: in preceding su_ktas, the doors of the hall of sacrifice, are the personifications specified; here, the divinities presiding over the doors are implied]. 3.004.06 May the adored Day and Night, combined or separate, be manifest in bodily form, so that Mitra, Varun.a, Indra, or (the latter), attended by the Maruts, may rejoice us by their glories. 3.004.07 I propitiate the two chief divine invokers of the gods; the seven offerers of (sacrificial) food, expectant of water, gratify (Agni) with oblations; the illustrious observers of sacred rites have saluted him in every ceremony as (identifiable), verily, with water. [As identifiable with water: r.tam it ta a_huh = agnim eva r.tabhu_tam a_huh, they have called Agni, verily, r.ta; r.ta is usually rendered water but  it may mean truth; in the preceding phrase, r.tam s'ansanta = udakam, desirous or expectant of water]. 3.004.08 May Bha_rati_, associated with the Bha_rati_s; Il.a_ with the gods and men; and Agni, and Sarasvati_ with the Sa_rasvatas; may the three goddesses sit down upon the sacred grass (strewn) before them. [bha_rati_bhih, with the connections of Bharata, or the Sun: bharatasya su_ryasya sambandhini_bhih, perhaps intending the solar rays; Bha_rati_ = va_k, speech; Il.a_ = bhu_mi, the earth; sarasvati_ = ma_dhyamika_ va_k; the sa_rasvatas are the madhyamastha_nas, the middle regions, or the firmament; Agni whose name is rather unconnectedly inserted, is thus identified through their several personifications as goddesses, with heaven, mid-heaven, and earth, or with speech or sound in the three regions]. 3.004.09 Divine Tvas.t.a_, being well pleased, give issue to our procreative vigour, whence (a son), manly, devout, vigorous, wielder of the (Soma-bruising) stone, and reverencing the gods, may be born. 3.004.10 Vanaspati, bring the gods nigh; may Agni, the immolator, prepare the victim; let him who is truth officiate as the ministering priest, for, verily, he knows the birth of the gods. [May Agni the immolator: agnir havih s'amita_ su_daya_ti: cf. RV 2.3]. 3.004.11 Agni, kindled into flame, come to our presence in the same chariot with Indra and with the swift-moving gods; may Aditi, the mother of excellent sons, sit down on the sacred grass, and may the immortal gods be satisfied with the reverentially-offered oblation. [May the immortal gods: sva_ha_ deva_ amr.ta_ ma_dayanta_m: sva_ha_ = sva_ha_ka_ren.a yuktah, joined with or addressed by the exclamation, sva_ha_].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: agni; chanda: tris.t.up

àTy! A/i¶rœ %/;s/z! ceik?ta/nae =?baeix/ ivà>? pd/vI> k?vI/nam! , p&/wu/paja? dev/yiÑ>/ sim/Ïae =?p/ Öara/ tm?sae/ viû?rœ Aav> . 3-005-01 àedœ v! A/i¶rœ va?v&xe/ Staeme?i-rœ gI/i-R Stae?t¨/[a< n?m/Sy %/KwE> , pU/vIrœ \/tSy? s</†z?z! cka/n> s< Ë/tae A?*aEdœ %/;sae? ivrae/ke . 3-005-02 Axa?Yy! A/i¶rœ manu?;I;u iv/úv! Apa< g-aˆR? im/Ç \/ten/ sax?n! , Aa h?yR/tae y?j/t> saNv! A?Swa/dœ A-U?dœ %/ ivàae/ hVyae? mtI/nam! . 3-005-03 im/Çae A/i¶rœ -?vit/ yt! sim?Ïae im/Çae haeta/ vé?[ae ja/tve?da> , im/Çae A?Xv/yuRrœ #?i;/rae dmU?na im/Ç> isNxU?nam! %/t pvR?tanam! . 3-005-04 pait? ià/y< ir/pae A¢?m! p/d< ve> pait? y/þz! cr?[</ sUyR?Sy , pait/ na-a? s/ÝzI?;aR[m! A/i¶> pait? de/vana?m! %p/mad?m! \/:v> . 3-005-05 \/-uz! c?³/ $f(</ caé/ nam/ ivña?in de/vae v/yuna?in iv/Öan! , s/sSy/ cmR? "&/tv?t! p/d< ves! tdœ #dœ A/¶I r?]/Ty! Aà?yuCDn! . 3-005-06 Aa yaein?m! A/i¶rœ "&/tv?Ntm! ASwat! p&/wuà?ga[m! %/zNt?m! %za/n> , dI*a?n>/ zuic?rœ \/:v> pa?v/k> pun>?-punrœ ma/tra/ nVy?sI k> . 3-005-07 s/*ae ja/t Aae;?xIi-rœ vv]e/ ydI/ vxR?iNt à/Svae "&/ten? , Aap? #v à/vta/ zuM-?mana %é/:ydœ A/i¶> ip/Çaerœ %/pSwe? . 3-005-08 %dœ %? òu/t> s/imxa? y/þae A?*aE/dœ v:mR?n! id/vae Aix/ na-a? p&iw/Vya> , im/Çae A/i¶rœ $f(ae? mat/irña Ë/tae v?]dœ y/jwa?y de/van! . 3-005-09 %dœ A?StM-It! s/imxa/ nak?m! \/:vae =/i¶rœ -v?Ú! %Ä/mae rae?c/nana?m! , ydI/ -&gu?_y>/ pir? mat/irña/ guha/ sNt<? hVy/vah<? smI/xe . 3-005-10 #¦a?m! A¶e pué/d&lts<? s/in< gae> z?ñÄ/m< hv?manay sax , Syan! n>? sU/nus! tn?yae iv/java¶e/ sa te? sum/itrœ -U?Tv! A/Sme . 3-005-11 3.005.01 The sagacious Agni, cognizant of the dawn, is awakened to (follow) the paths of the sages; the luminous Vahni, kindled by the devout, has thrown open the gates of darkness. 3.005.02 The adorable Agni is magnified by the hymns, the prayers, the praises, of (his) worshippers; emulating the many glories of the sun, the messenger (of the gods) shines forth at the glimmering of the dawn. 3.005.03 Agni, the embryo of the waters, the friend (of the pious), accomplishing (all desires) with truth, has been placed (by the gods) among men, the descendants of Manu; desirable and adorable, he has taken his station on high, where the wise Agni is to receive the oblations of the devout. [Taken his station on high: sa_nvastha_ = sa_nu ucchritam; i.e. uttaravedya_khyam, the place called the north altar]. 3.005.04 Agni, when kindled, is Mitra; and, as Mitra, is the invoker (of the gods); Varun.a is Ja_tavedas; Mitra is the ministering priest; Damunas is the agitator (Va_yu); Mitra (is the associate) of rivers and mountains. [The hymn attempts to identify Agni with Mitra, the sun, and of both with Varun.a and Va_yu]. 3.005.05 The graceful (Agni) protects the primary station of the moving earth; mighty, he protects the path of the sun; he protects the seven-headed (troop of the Maruts) in the centre between heaven and earth; he protects the exhilarating (oblations) of the gods. 3.005.06 The mighty, divine Agni knowing all (things) that are to be known, made the commendable and beautiful water, the glossy skin, the station of the diffused slumbering (Agni), and, ever vigilant preserves it. [Preserves it: covering as it were by extinguishing the flame of fire]. 3.005.07 Agni has taken his station in an asylum, brilliant, much-lauded, and as desirous (of receiving him) as he is (torepair to it); radiant, pure, vast and purifying, he repeatedly renovates his parents, (Heaven and Earth). 3.005.08 As soon as generated he is borne aloft by the plants, which grow flourishing by moisture, as the beautifying waters descend; may he, in the bosom of his parents, protect us. 3.005.09 Praised and (nourished) by fuel, the mighty Agni, stationed on the (altar the) navel of the earth, in the form of the firmament, has shone (brightly); may the friendly and adorable Agni who respires in the mid-heaven, the messenger (of the gods), bring them to the sacrifice. [Who respires in the mid-heaven: ma_taris'van: ma_tari, antariks.e; s'vasiti, su_rya ru_pen.a ces.t.ate, who breathes in mid-heaven, or acts in the form of the sun; or, ma_tari may imply arn.ye, in a forest, he who abides in the woods (Nirukta 7.26); also, ma_taris'van = the wind, as in the next hymn]. 3.005.10 The mighty Agni, being the best of the heavenly luminaries, sustained the heaven with radiance, when the wind kindled the bearer of oblations, (till then concealed) in a cave from the Bhr.gus. [Concealed from the Bhr.gus: yadi bhr.gubhyah guha_ santam: bhr.gubhyah = a_dityasya ras'mibhyah, from the rays of the sun]. 3.005.11 Grant, Agni, to the offerer of the oblation the earth, the bestower of cattle, the means of many (pious rites); such that it may be perpetual; may there be to us sons and grandsons born in our race, and may your good-will ever be upon us. [cf. RV. 3.1.1)].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: agni; chanda: tris.t.up

à ka?rvae mn/na v/Cyma?na dev/ÔIcI? nyt dev/yNt>? , d/i]/[a/vafœ va/ijnI/ àaCy! @?it h/ivrœ -r?NTy! A/¶ye? "&/tacI? . 3-006-01 Aa raed?sI Ap&[a/ jay?man %/t à ir?Kwa/ Ax/ nu à?yJyae , id/vz! ic?dœ A¶e mih/na p&?iw/Vya v/CyNta<? te/ vû?y> s/Ýij?þa> . 3-006-02 *aEz! c? Tva p&iw/vI y/i}ya?sae/ in haeta?r< sadyNte/ dma?y , ydI/ ivzae/ manu?;Irœ dev/yNtI>/ ày?SvtI/rœ $¦?te zu/³m! A/icR> . 3-006-03 m/han! s/xSwe? Øu/v Aa in;?Äae =/Ntrœ *ava/ maih?ne/ hyR?ma[> , AaS³e? s/pÆI? A/jre/ Am&?­e sb/ÊR"e? %éga/ySy? xe/nU . 3-006-04 ì/ta te? A¶e mh/tae m/hain/ tv/ ³Tva/ raed?sI/ Aa t?tNw , Tv< Ë/tae A?-vae/ jay?man/s! Tv< ne/ta v&?;- c;R[I/nam! . 3-006-05 \/tSy? va ke/izna? yae/Gyai-?rœ "&t/õuva/ raeih?ta xu/ir ix?:v , Awa v?h de/van! de?v/ ivña?n! SvXv/ra k«?[uih jatved> . 3-006-06 id/vz! ic/dœ Aa te? écyNt rae/ka %/;ae iv?-a/tIrœ Anu? -ais pU/vI> , A/pae ydœ A?¶ %/zx/g! vne?;u/ haetu?rœ m/NÔSy? p/ny?Nt de/va> . 3-006-07 %/raE va/ ye A/Ntir?]e/ md?iNt id/vae va/ ye rae?c/ne siNt? de/va> , ^ma? va/ ye su/hva?sae/ yj?Ça Aayeim/re r/Wyae A¶e/ Aña>? . 3-006-08 @ei-?rœ A¶e s/r¡? yaý! A/vaR'œ na?nar/w< va? iv/-vae/ ý! Aña>? , pÆI?vts! iÇ</zt</ ÇIz! c? de/van! A?nu:v/xm! Aa v?h ma/dy?Sv . 3-006-09 s haeta/ ySy/ raed?sI icdœ %/vI y/}<-y?}m! A/i- v&/xe g&?[I/t> , àacI? AXv/rev? tSwtu> su/meke? \/tav?rI \/tja?tSy s/Tye . 3-006-10 #¦a?m! A¶e pué/d&lts<? s/in< gae> z?ñÄ/m< hv?manay sax , Syan! n>? sU/nus! tn?yae iv/java¶e/ sa te? sum/itrœ -U?Tv! A/Sme . 3-006-11 3.006.01 Devout ministrants, who are to be inspired by prayer, bring forth (the ladle) destined for the worship of the gods, which is to be conveyed to the south (of the fire-altar), and which, charged with (sacrificial) food, pointed to the east, containing the oblation, and, filled with liquefied butter, proceeds to Agni. 3.006.02 Agni, as soon as born, occupy both heaven and earth; for you, to whom sacrifice is to be offered, exceed in magnitude the firmament and the earth; may your seven-tongued fires be glorified. 3.006.03 The firmament and the earth and the adorable (gods) propitiate you their invoker, for the (completion of the) sacrifice, whenever the descendants of Manu, pious, and bearing oblations, glorify your radiant flame. [Descendants of Manu: vis'ah ma_nus.i_h = manoh sambandhinyah praja_h, people connected with Manu]. 3.006.04 The great and adorable Agni is firm seated on his spacious throne between heaven and earth; and the powerful fellow-brides (of the sun), the imperishable uninjurable (heaven and earth) are the two milk-yielding cows of the wide-extending (Agni). [The fellow-brides: sapatni_, the two brides of one; i.e. the sun: sama_na ekah su_ryah patiryayoste sapatnyau]. 3.006.05 Great, Agni, are the deeds of you the mighty one; you have spread abroad by your power the heaven and earth; you have been the messenger (of the gods); as soon as begotten you have become the leader of men. 3.006.06 Harness with traces, to your car, your long-maned, ruddy (steeds, to come) to the sacrifice; bring hither, divine Ja_tavedas, all the gods, and make them propitious to the oblation. 3.006.07 When, Agni, you abide in the woods, consuming the waters at your pleasure, then your rays illuminate the heavens, and you shine like many former radiant dawns; the gods themselves commend (the brilliancy) of their praise-meriting invoker. 3.006.08 The deities who sport in the spacious (firmament); those who are in the luminous sphere of heaven; the adorable Umas, who come when worthily invoked; the horses, Agni, that are fit for your car. [The adorable U_mas: u_ma_h = u_masan:jmaka_h pitarah santi, the U_mas are the pitara, called U_ma_]. 3.006.09 With all these in one chariot, Agni, or in many (chariots), come to our presence, for your horses are able; bring the three and thirty divinities with their wives, for the sake of (the sacrificial) food, and exhilarate them (all with the Soma). [The three and thirty divinities with their wives: patni_vatas trim.s'atam tri_m.s'ca deva_n: the first is, literally, having wives, but sometimes considered a proper name]. 3.006.10 He is the invoker (of the gods), whom the spacious heaven and earth glorify, for the sake of increase, at repeated sacrifices; charged with water, they await like holy rites, propitious to the real presence of him who is born of truth.  3.006.11 Grant, Agni, to the offerer of the oblation, the earth, the bestower of cattle, the means of many (pious rites); such that it may be perpetual; may there be to us sons and grandsons born in our race, and may our good-will ever be upon us. [End of the second as.t.aka].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: agni; chanda: tris.t.up; Anuva_ka II

à y Aa/é> iz?itp&/óSy? xa/serœ Aa ma/tra? ivivzu> s/Ý va[I>? , p/ir/i]ta? ip/tra/ s< c?rete/ à s?öaRte dI/"Rm! Aayu>? à/y]e? . 3-007-01 id/v]?sae xe/nvae/ v&:[ae/ Aña? de/vIrœ Aa t?SwaE/ mxu?m/dœ vh?NtI> , \/tSy? Tva/ sd?is ]em/yNt/m! pAY� @ka? crit vtR/in< gaE> . 3-007-02 Aa sI?m! Araeht! su/yma/ -v?NtI>/ pit?z! icik/Tvan! r?iy/ivdœ r?yI/[am! , à nIl?p&óae At/sSy? xa/ses! ta A?vasyt! pué/xà?tIk> . 3-007-03 mih? Tva/ò+m! ^/jRy?NtIrœ Aju/y¡ St?-U/yma?n< v/htae? vhiNt , Vy! A¼e?i-rœ id*uta/n> s/xSw/ @ka?m! #v/ raed?sI/ Aa iv?vez . 3-007-04 ja/niNt/ v&:[ae? Aé/;Sy/ zev?m! %/t ä/×Sy/ zas?ne r[iNt , id/vae/éc>? su/écae/ raec?mana/ #¦a/ ye;a</ g{ya/ maih?na/ gI> . 3-007-05 %/tae ip/t&_ya?m! à/ivdanu/ "ae;?m! m/hae m/hÑ(a?m! AnyNt zU/;m! , %/]a h/ yÇ/ pir/ xan?m! A/­aerœ Anu/ Sv< xam? jir/turœ v/v]? . 3-007-06 A/Xv/yuRi->? p/Âi->? s/Ý ivàa>? ià/y< r?]Nte/ inih?tm! p/d< ve> , àaÂae? mdNTy! %/][ae? Aju/yaR de/va de/vana/m! Anu/ ih ì/ta gu> . 3-007-07 dEVya/ haeta?ra àw/ma Ny! \Ãe s/Ý p&/]as>? Sv/xya? mdiNt , \/t< z&lts?Nt \/tm! #t! t Aa?÷/rœ Anu? ì/t< ì?t/pa dIXya?na> . 3-007-08 v&/;a/yNte? m/he ATya?y pU/vIrœ v&:[e? ic/Çay? r/Zmy>? suya/ma> , dev? haetrœ m/NÔt?rz! icik/Tvan! m/hae de/van! raed?sI/ @h v?i] . 3-007-09 p&/]à?yjae Ôiv[> su/vac>? suke/tv? %/;sae? re/vdœ ^?;u> , %/tae ic?dœ A¶e mih/na p&?iw/Vya> k«/t< ic/dœ @n>/ sm! m/he d?zSy . 3-007-10 #¦a?m! A¶e pué/d&lts<? s/in< gae> z?ñÄ/m< hv?manay sax , Syan! n>? sU/nus! tn?yae iv/java¶e/ sa te? sum/itrœ -U?Tv! A/Sme . 3-007-11 3.007.01 The (rays) of the blackbacked, all-sustaining (Agni) have arisen, and pervaded the parents (earth and heaven) and the flowing rivers; the surrounding parents co-operate with him, and bestow long life for the sake of assiduous worship. [s'itipr.s.t.hasya dha_seh: agni is implied; so is ras'mayah, rays; dha_si = sarvasya dha_rayita_; sapta va_n.i_h = sarpan.asvabha_va_ nadi_h]. 3.007.02 The sky-traversing steeds of the showerer (of benefits) are the kine (of Agni); as he attains the divine (rivers), bearers of sweet (water). One sacred soudn glorifies you (Agni), who are desirous of repose, pacifying your flames) in the abode of the water (the firmament). [The kind: dhenavah; this is considered an adjective equivalent to pri_n.ayitryah, propitiators, pleasers]. 3.007.03 Their lord has mounted on his well-trained mares the sagacious selector of treasures, the blackbacked, many-limbed (Agni) has granted them a place of rest for the cherishing of (their) rapid speed. [atasasya dha_seh = s'atata gamanasya pos.ana_rtham, for the sake of cherishing of the perpetual going]. 3.007.04 The flowing (rivers) invigorating him, bear along the great son of Tvas.t.a_, the undecaying upholder (of the world), radiant with various forms in the vicinity (of the firmament); Agni is associated with heaven and earth, as (a husband with) one only wife. [One only wife: the text has eka_m iva, like one, the pronoun being feminine; the additions are: yatha_ puma_n eka_m pravis'ati, as a man cohabits with one woman]. 3.007.05 Men comprehend the service of the uninjurable showerer (of benefits), and exult in the commands of the mighty (Agni); their frequent and earnest hymns of praise, bright and radiant, are illuminating heaven. 3.007.06 Verily (men) bring great delight to Agni by glorifying aloud the mighty parents (heaven and earth), when the shedder of rain approximates his own radiance to the worshipper, (wherewith) to invest the night. 3.007.07 Seven sages with five ministering priests attend the station that is prepared for the rapid (Agni); the undecaying divine (sages), with their faces to the east, sprinkling (the libations), rejoice as they celebrate the worship of the gods. [Five ministering priests: adhvaryubhih pan~cabhih sapta vipra_h, this excludes the udga_ta_ and his class]. 3.007.08 I propitiate the two first divine offerers of sacrifices; the seven (priests) rejoice with the libation; the illustrious celebrators of holy worship, reciting (his) praises, have called Agni the true (object) of every rite. 3.007.09 Divine invoker of the gods, the vast and widespreading rays shed (moisture) for you, the mighty, the victorius, the wonderful, the showerer (of benefits); do you who are all knowing, joy-bestowing, bring hither the great gods, and heaven and earth. 3.007.10 Ever-moving (Agni) may the mornings rise for us, abounding with oblations, with pious prayers, and with auspicious signs, and conferring wealth; and do you with the might of your (diffusive flame), consume all sin on behalf of your respectable (worshipper). 3.007.11 Grant, Agni, to the offerer of the oblation, the earth, the bestower of cattle, the means of many (pious rites), such that it may be perpetual; may there be to us sons and grandsons, and may your good-will ever be upon us (productive of benefit to us). [This hymn is the refrain of several su_ktas in the preceding as.t.aka. In one instance il.a_ is translated as bhu_mi, earth; here, she is called a female divinity in the form of a cow: goru_pa_m devata_m; vija_va_ is connected with sumati, good-will; which is explained: avandhya_, may it be not barren, productive].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: yu_pa, 6-10 aneka yu_pa, 8 vikalpata: vis'vedeva_, 11 vras'cani_; chanda: tris.t.up, 3,7 anus.t.up

A/ÃiNt/ Tvam! A?Xv/re de?v/yNtae/ vn?Spte/ mxu?na/ dEVye?n , ydœ ^/XvRs! itóa/ Ôiv?[e/h x?Äa/dœ ydœ va/ ]yae? ma/turœ A/Sya %/pSwe? . 3-008-01 sim?ÏSy/ ïy?ma[> pu/rSta/dœ äü? vNva/nae A/jr<? su/vIr?m! , Aa/re A/Smdœ Am?it/m! bax?man/ %c! D+A?ySv mh/te saE-?gay . 3-008-02 %c! D+A?ySv vnSpte/ v:mR?n! p&iw/Vya Aix? , suim?tI mI/yma?nae/ vcaˆR? xa y/}va?hse . 3-008-03 yuva? su/vasa>/ pir?vIt/ Aaga/t! s %/ ïeya?n! -vit/ jay?man> , t< xIra?s> k/vy/ %n! n?yiNt Sva/Xyae mn?sa dev/yNt>? . 3-008-04 ja/tae ja?yte suidn/Tve Aûa<? sm/yR Aa iv/dwe/ vxR?man> , pu/niNt/ xIra? A/psae? mnI/;a de?v/ya ivà/ %dœ #?yitR/ vac?m! . 3-008-05 yan! vae/ nrae? dev/yNtae? inim/Myurœ vn?Spte/ Svix?itrœ va t/t]? , te de/vas>/ Svr?vs! tiSw/va&lts>? à/jav?dœ A/Sme id?ix;Ntu/ rÆ?m! . 3-008-06 ye v&/K[asae/ Aix/ ]im/ inim?tasae y/töu?c> , te nae? VyNtu/ vay¡? dev/Ça ]e?Ç/sax?s> . 3-008-07 Aa/id/Tya é/Ôa vs?v> sunI/wa *ava/]ama? p&iw/vI A/Ntir?]m! , s/jae;?sae y/}m! A?vNtu de/va ^/Xv¡ k«?{vNTv! AXv/rSy? ke/tum! . 3-008-08 h</sa #?v ïei[/zae yta?na> zu/³a vsa?na>/ Svr?vae n/ Aagu>? , %/ÚI/yma?na> k/ivi->? pu/rSta?dœ de/va de/vana/m! Aip? yiNt/ paw>? . 3-008-09 z&¼a?[I/vec! D&/i¼[a</ s< d?†ïe c/;al?vNt>/ Svr?v> p&iw/Vyam! , va/"iÑ?rœ va ivh/ve ïae;?ma[a A/SmaA?vNtu p&t/naJye?;u . 3-008-10 vn?Spte z/tv?Lzae/ iv rae?h s/hö?vLza/ iv v/y< é?hem , y< Tvam! A/y< Svix?it/s! tej?man> ài[/nay? mh/te saE-?gay . 3-008-11 3.008.01 Vanaspati, the devout anoint you with sacred butter at the sacrifice; and whether you stand erect, or your abode be on the lap of this your mother (earth), grant us riches. [Vanaspati = lit. forest lord; here, the reference is to the post of wood to which the victim is tied; the hymn is cited in Aitareya Bra_hman.a 2.2; cf. Nirukta 8.18]. 3.008.02 Standing on the east of the kindled (fire), dispensing food (as the source) of undecaying (health) and excellent progeny, keeping off our enemy at a distance, stand up for great auspiciousness. 3.008.03 Be exalted, Vanaspati upon this sacred spot of earth, being measured with careful measurement, and bestow food upon the offerer of the sacrifice. 3.008.04 Well clad and hung with wreaths comes the youthful (pillar); most excellent it is as soon as generated; steadfast and wise venerators of the gods, meditating piously in thei rminds, raise it up. 3.008.05 Born (in the forest), and beautified in the sacrifice celebrated by men, it is (again) engendered for the sanctification of the days (of sacred rites); steadfast, active and intelligent (priests) consecrate it with intelligence, and the devout worshipper recites its praise. 3.008.06 May those (posts) which devout men have cut down, or which, Vanaspati, the axe has trimmed, may they standing resplendent with all their parts (entire) bestow upon us wealth with progeny. 3.008.07 May those posts which have been cut down upon the earth, and which have been fabricated by the priests, those which are the accomplishers of the sacrifice, convey our acceptable (offering) to the gods. 3.008.08 May the leaders of the rite, the divine A_dityas, Rudras, Vasus, Heaven and Earth, the Earth, the firmament, well pleased, protect our sacrifice; let them raise aloft the standard of the ceremony. 3.008.09 Arrayed in bright (garments), entire (in their parts), these pillars ranging in rows like swans, have come to us erected by pious sages on the east( of the fire); they proceed resplendent on the path of the gods. 3.008.10 Entire in all parts and girded with rings, they appear upon the earth like the horns of horned cattle; hearing (their praises) by the priests; may they protect us in battles. 3.008.11 Vanaspati, mount upwith a hundred branches, that we may mount with a thousand, you whom the sharpened hatchet has brought for great auspiciousness.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: agni; chanda: br.hati_, 9 tris.t.up

soa?ys! Tva vv&mhe de/vm! mtaR?s ^/tye? , A/pa< npa?t< su/-g<? su/dIid?it< su/àtU?itRm! Ane/hs?m! . 3-009-01 kay?manae v/na Tv< yn! ma/t¨rœ Aj?gÚ! A/p> , n tt! te? A¶e à/m&;e? in/vtR?n</ ydœ Ë/re sÚ! #/ha-?v> . 3-009-02 Ait? t&/ò< v?vi]/wawE/v su/mna? Ais , à-àa/Nye yiNt/ py!rœ A/Ny Aa?ste/ ye;a<? s/Oye Ais? iï/t> . 3-009-03 $/iy/va&lts/m! Ait/ iöx>/ zñ?tI/rœ Ait? s/ít>? , ANv! $?m! AivNdn! inic/rasae? A/Ô‚hae? =/Psu is</hm! #?v iï/tm! . 3-009-04 s/s&/va&lts?m! #v/ Tmna/i¶m! #/Twa it/raeih?tm! , @en<? nyn! mat/irña? pra/vtae? de/ve_yae? miw/tm! pir? . 3-009-05 t< Tva/ mtaR? Ag&_[t de/ve_yae? hVyvahn , ivña/n! ydœ y/}aA?i-/pais? manu;/ tv/ ³Tva? yivó( . 3-009-06 tdœ -/Ô< tv? d</sna/ paka?y icc! Ddyit , Tva< ydœ A?¶e p/zv>? s/mas?te/ sim?Ïm! AipzvR/re . 3-009-07 Aa ju?haeta SvXv/r< zI/rm! pa?v/kzae?ic;m! , Aa/zu< Ë/tm! A?ij/rm! à/Æm! $f(<? ïu/òI de/v< s?pyRt . 3-009-08 ÇIi[? z/ta ÇI s/höa?{y! A/i¶< iÇ</zc! c? de/va nv? caspyRn! , AaE]?n! "&/tErœ ASt&?[n! b/ihRrœ A?Sma/ Aadœ #dœ xaeta?r</ Ny! AsadyNt . 3-009-09 3.009.01 We, your mortal friends have recourse for our protection to you, the divine, the grandson of the waters, the auspicious, the resplendent, the accessible, the sinless. 3.009.02 Desirous as you are of the forests since you have repaired to the maternal waters, Agni, your tarrying so far away is not to be endured; (in a moment) you are here with us. [In a moment you are: Although not yet kindled, yet as soon as the attrition of the touchwood takes place Agni appears]. 3.009.03 You wish exceedingly to convey satisfaction (to your worshippers) and are thereto well-disposed; of those in whose friendship you are cherished, some precede while others sit around. [Some prece: the allusion is to the sixteen priests, of whom the adhvaryu and eleven others take an active part in the ceremonial while the udga_ta_ and other three are sitting byengaged in the recital of the prayers and hymns]. 3.009.04 The benignant and long-lived deities have discovered you, Agni, when required to go against their constant and assembled foes, hidden in the waters like a lion (in a cave). 3.009.05 Ma_taris'van therefore brought for the gods from afar, Agni, hiding of himself, and generated by attrition, as (a father brings back) a fugitive (son). [A fugitive (son): the text has only sasr.va_msam iva, like one going; the father and son are implied; or, the reference may be to master and slave]. 3.009.06 Bearer of oblations,men apprehend you (thus concealed) for the service of the gods, and that you youngest (of the deities) and friendly to manking, may recompense by your acts all their pious rites. 3.009.07 Auspicious is your worship for it prospers the ignorant (worshipper), wherefore animals reverence, you Agni, kindled in the beginning of the night. [Animals: pas'avah; bipeds as well as quadrupeds]. 3.009.08 Offer oblations to the object of holy sacrifice, the brilliant purifier, who is dormant (in fuel); worship quietly the pervader (of the rite), the messenger (of the gods), the rapid, the ancient deity who is entitled to laudation. 3.009.09 Three thousand three hundred and thirty-nine divinities have worshipped Agni; they have sprinkled him with melted butter; they have spread for him the sacred grass; and have seated him upon it as their ministrant priest. [Yajus. 33.7; three thousand: Br.hada_ran.yaka (3.9), gives the number as 3333 according to the gloss of A_nandagiri, adding eight Vasus, eleven Rudras, and twelve A_dityas, with Indra and Praja_pati].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: agni; chanda: us.n.ik

Tvam! A?¶e mnI/i;[>? s/èaj<? c;R[I/nam! , de/vm! mtaR?s #Nxte/ sm! A?Xv/re . 3-010-01 Tva< y/}e:v! \/iTvj/m! A¶e/ haeta?rm! $¦te , gae/pa \/tSy? dIidih/ Sve dme? . 3-010-02 s "a/ ys! te/ dda?zit s/imxa? ja/tve?dse , sae A?¶e xÄe su/vIy¡/ s pu?:yit . 3-010-03 s ke/turœ A?Xv/ra[a?m! A/i¶rœ de/vei-/rœ Aa g?mt! , A/Ãa/n> s/Ý haet&?i-rœ h/iv:m?te . 3-010-04 à haeÇe? pU/Vy¡ vcae? =/¶ye? -rta b&/ht! , iv/pa< JyaetI?i;/ ibæ?te/ n ve/xse? . 3-010-05 A/i¶< v?xRNtu nae/ igrae/ ytae/ jay?t %/KWy> , m/he vaja?y/ Ôiv?[ay dzR/t> . 3-010-06 A¶e/ yij?óae AXv/re de/van! de?vy/te y?j , haeta? m/NÔae iv ra?j/Sy! Ait/ iöx>? . 3-010-07 s n>? pavk dIidih *u/mdœ A/Sme su/vIyR?m! , -va? Stae/t&_yae/ ANt?m> Sv/Stye? . 3-010-08 t< Tva/ ivàa? ivp/Nyvae? jag&/va&lts>/ sm! #?Nxte , h/Vy/vah/m! Am?Ty¡ shae/v&x?m! . 3-010-09 3.010.01 You, the king of men; Agni, the divine; prudent mortals kindle you at the sacrifice. 3.010.02 They praise you as the priest, the invoker (of the gods) at sacrifice; shine forth the protector of the pious rite in your own abode. 3.010.03 He verily who presents oblations to you, the knower of all things, he acquires (Agni) excellent progeny; he prospers. 3.010.04 May (Agni), the banner (flag) of sacrifices, offering oblations on the part of the worshiper through (the ministry of) the seven offering priests, come hither with the gods. 3.010.05 Offer to the ministering Agni as if to the Creator (of the world), the great praise recited of old, for the sake of animating the energies of the pious (worshipper).  3.010.06 May ourhymns exalt Agni, so that he may be born more worthy of praise, and may become manifest for the purpose of (bestowing) abundant food and riches. 3.010.07 Agni, you are to be especially worshipped at the sacrifice; worship the gods (on behalf of) the devout (worshiper); you shine the invoker (of the gods) the exhilarator (of the pious) overcoming your foes. 3.010.08 Do you, our purifier, light up for us a brilliant progeny; be ever nigh to those who praise you for their well-being. 3.010.09 The wise, intelligent, and vigilant (worshipers) kindle you, such as you (have been described), the bearer of oblations, the immortal, generated by strength. [Intelligent: vipas'cit vipanyuh (Nirukta 3.15.17); sahovr.dham = produced by the strength required for attrition].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: agni; chanda: ga_yatri_

A/i¶rœ haeta? pu/raeih?tae =Xv/rSy/ ivc?;Ri[> , s ve?d y/}m! Aa?nu/;kœ . 3-011-01 s h?Vy/va¦œ Am?TyR %/izg! Ë/tz! cnae?iht> , A/i¶rœ ix/ya sm! \?{vit . 3-011-02 A/i¶rœ ix/ya s ce?tit ke/turœ y/}Sy? pU/VyR> , Aw¡/ ý! ASy t/ri[? . 3-011-03 A/i¶< sU/nu< sn?ïut</ sh?sae ja/tve?dsm! , viû<? de/va A?k«{vt . 3-011-04 Ada?_y> pur/ta iv/zam! A/i¶rœ manu?;I[am! , tU[I/ rw>/ sda/ nv>? . 3-011-05 sa/þan! ivña? Ai-/yuj>/ ³tu?rœ de/vana/m! Am&?­> , A/i¶s! tu/ivï?vStm> . 3-011-06 A/i- àya<?is/ vah?sa da/ñaA?îaeit/ mTyR>? , ]y?m! pav/kzae?ic;> . 3-011-07 pir/ ivña?in/ suix?ta/¶erœ A?Zyam/ mNm?i-> , ivàa?sae ja/tve?ds> . 3-011-08 A¶e/ ivña?in/ vayaR/ vaje?;u sin;amhe , Tve de/vas/ @ir?re . 3-011-09 3.011.01 Agni, the invoker of the gods, the minister (of the gods), the supervisor of the sacrifice, understands the solemn rite in its due course. 3.011.02 That Agni, who is the bearer of oblations, the immortal, the desirer (of offerings), the messenger (of the gods), and is the receiver of sacrificial viands, is associated with understanding. [dhiya_ samr.n.vati, i.e. Agni is fully aware of the objects of the ceremony, and a wish is implied that he may communicate similar knowledge to its performers, ta_n ta_dr.k prajn~a_nvita_n karotu; another interpretation: Yajus. 22.16: through knowledge Agni associates with the gods, for the purpose of conveying the oblations to them]. 3.011.03 Agni, the ancient banner (flag) of sacrifice, knows (all things) through understanding; his radiance traverses (the darkness). [artham hyasya taran.i = his meaning or object is crossing; or, that which crosses; his light or radiance is the end or object of Agni, which passes over or through, darkness (understood)]. 3.011.04 The gods have made Agni, who is the son of strength, the eternally-renowned, the knower of all that is born, the bearer (of oblations). 3.011.05 Agni, the preceder of human beings, (ever) alert, the vehicle of their offerings, is ever new, is unsusceptible of harm. [vis'am ma_nus.i_n.a_m = men the descendants of Manu, manor ja_ta_na_m]. 3.011.06 Agni, the most liberal contributor of food, is able to resist all assailants unharmed, the nourisher of the gods. 3.011.07 From Agni of purifying radiance the mortal presenter (of offerings) obtains by his conveyance (of them to the gods) abundant viands and a dwelling. 3.011.08 May we, endowed with intelligence, obtain all good things by our praises of Agni, to whom all is known. 3.011.09 May we obtain, Agni, all precious things (as booty) in battles, since the gods are concentrated in you.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra_gni_; chanda: ga_yatri_

#NÔa?¶I/ Aa g?t< su/t< gI/i-Rrœ n-ae/ vre?{ym! , A/Sy pa?t< ix/yei;/ta . 3-012-01 #NÔa?¶I jir/tu> sca? y/}ae ij?gait/ cet?n> , A/ya pa?tm! #/m< su/tm! . 3-012-02 #NÔ?m! A/i¶< k?iv/CDda? y/}Sy? jU/Tya v&?[e , ta saem?Sye/h t&?Mptam! . 3-012-03 tae/za v&?Ç/h[a? ÷ve s/ijTva/nap?raijta , #/NÔa/¶I va?j/sat?ma . 3-012-04 à va?m! AcRNTy! %/iKwnae? nIwa/ivdae? jir/tar>? , #NÔa?¶I/ #;/ Aa v&?[e . 3-012-05 #NÔa?¶I nv/itm! purae? da/sp?ÆIrœ AxUnutm! , sa/km! @ke?n/ kmR?[a . 3-012-06 #NÔa?¶I/ Ap?s/s! py!rœ %p/ à y?iNt xI/ty>? , \/tSy? p/Wya Anu? . 3-012-07 #NÔa?¶I tiv/;ai[? va< s/xSwa?in/ àya<?is c , yu/vaerœ A/ÝUy¡? ih/tm! . 3-012-08 #NÔa?¶I raec/na id/v> pir/ vaje?;u -U;w> , tdœ va<? ceit/ à vI/yRm! . 3-012-09 3.012.01 Indra and Agni, come to this acceptable libation, (brought) by our praises from heaven, and induced by (our) devotion to drink of it. [Yajus. 7.31; gi_rbhir nabho varen.yam: sambhajani_yam somam prati asmadi_ya_bhih stutiru_pa_bhir, va_gbhir, ahu_tau: nabho, nabhasah svargastha_na_d a_gatam = called by our praises, come you two from the place of svarga to this enjoyable Soma; another interpretation for nabha = a_ditya; come to the Soma which is like the desirable sun; or, those dwelling in heaven, nabhahsthah the gods: come to the Soma that is sought for by the gods]. 3.012.02 Indra and Agni, the conscious sacrifice associated with the worshipper proceeds to you; (summoned) by this (invocation) drink the libation. [jarituh saca_ yajn~o jiga_ti cetanah: yajn~a and cetana are both applied to Soma, as the material of the sacrifice, yajn~a-sa_dhanam, and the animator or giver of consciousness to the organs of perception, indriya_n.a_ cetayita_, and the cooperator with the worshipper in obtaining heaven or other benefits-- jarituh saca_ svarga_diphalapra_ptau saha_yabhu_tah]. 3.012.03 Urged by the energy of the sacrifice, I have recourse to Indra and Agni, the protectors of the pious; may they be satiated with the Soma here presented. 3.012.04 I invoke Indra and Agni, the discomfiters of foes, the destroyers of Vr.tra, the victorious, the invincible, the bestowers of most abundant food. 3.012.05 The reciters of prayers, the repeaters of praise, who are skilled in sacred song, worship you both; I have recourse to Indra and Agni for food. 3.012.06 Indra and Agni, with one united effort you over-threw ninety cities ruled over by (your) foes. [da_sa patnih purah, cities of which da_sas were the lords]. 3.012.07 Indra and Agni the pious ministers, are present at our holy rite, according to the wave of worship. 3.012.08 Indra and Agni, in you, vigour and food are abiding together, and therefore in you is deposited the dispensing of water. 3.012.09 Indra and Agni, illuminators of heaven, be ever graced (with victory) in battles, for such your prowess proclaims. [All the hymns of this Su_kta are found in the Sa_maveda].

r.s.i: r.s.abha vais'va_mitra; devata_: agni; chanda: anus.t.up

à vae? de/vaya/¶ye/ bihR?óm! AcaRSmE , gm?dœ de/vei-/rœ Aa s nae/ yij?óae b/ihRrœ Aa s?dt! . 3-013-01 \/tava/ ySy/ raed?sI/ d]</ sc?Nt ^/ty>? , h/iv:m?Nt/s! tm! $?¦te/ t< s?in/:yNtae =?vse . 3-013-02 s y/Nta ivà? @;a</ s y/}ana/m! Awa/ ih ;> , A/i¶< t< vae? ÊvSyt/ data/ yae vin?ta m/"m! . 3-013-03 s n>/ zmaR?i[ vI/tye? =/i¶rœ y?CDtu/ z&ltt?ma , ytae? n> àu/:[v/dœ vsu? id/iv i]/it_yae? A/PSv! Aa . 3-013-04 dI/id/va&lts/m! ApU?Vy¡/ vSvI?i-rœ ASy xI/iti->? , \Kva?[ae A/i¶m! #?Nxte/ haeta?r< iv/Zpit<? iv/zam! . 3-013-05 %/t nae/ äü?Ú! Aiv; %/Kwe;u? dev/øt?m> , z< n>? zaeca m/éÖ¯/xae =?¶e shö/sat?m> . 3-013-06 nU nae? raSv s/hö?vt! tae/kv?t! puiò/mdœ vsu? , *u/mdœ A?¶e su/vIy¡/ vi;R?ó/m! Anu?pi]tm! . 3-013-07 3.013.01 (Priests) utter devout (praises) to this your divine Agni, that so glorified he may come to us with gods, and sit down on the sacrificial grass. 3.013.02 The observer of truth, of whom (are) heaven and earth, and whose vigour the protecting (deities) assist; him, the offerers of oblations adore, and those desirous of riches (have recourse) to him for protection. 3.013.03 He, the sage, is the director of those (who sacrifice), he is (the regulator) of sacrifices; worship him you (benefactor), the donor, who is the bestower of wealth. [magham rekan.ah (Nirukta 2.10.1) = mahani_yam dhanam]. 3.013.04 May that Agni bestow upon us prosperous dwellings for our maintenance, so that from him infinite wealth, whether it may be in heaven or from earth, or in the waters (may come to us). 3.013.05 The devout kindle (the fire) with his wealth-obtaining rites, (to worship) the radiant, unpreceded Agni, the invoker (of the gods), the protector of men. 3.013.06 Perfect our prayer, invoker of the gods, as well as our hymns; Agni, who increases with the winds and the giver of thousands, augment our felicity. 3.013.07 Grant us indeed, Agni, wealth (that may be counted) by thousands, and comprising offspring, nourishment, brilliant treasure, and vigour, and be infinite and inexhaustible. [pus.t.imat :  cattle from whose milk and the like, support is derived; dyumat = precious metals and jewels].

r.s.i: r.s.abha vais'va_mitra; devata_: agni; chanda: tris.t.up

Aa haeta? m/NÔae iv/dwa?Ny! ASwat! s/Tyae yJva? k/ivt?m>/ s ve/xa> , iv/*uÔ?w>/ sh?ss! pu/Çae A/i¶> zae/ic:ke?z> p&iw/Vyam! pajae? Aïet! . 3-014-01 Aya?im te/ nm=?%i­< ju;Sv/ \ta?v/s! tu_y</ cet?te shSv> , iv/ÖaAa v?i] iv/Ê;ae/ in ;?iTs/ mXy/ Aa b/ihRrœ ^/tye? yjÇ . 3-014-02 Ôv?ta< t %/;sa? va/jy?NtI/ A¶e/ vat?Sy p/Wyai-/rœ ACD? , yt! sI?m! A/ÃiNt? pU/Vy¡ h/ivi-R/rœ Aa v/Nxure?v tSwturœ Êrae/[e . 3-014-03 im/Çz! c/ tu_y</ vé?[> sh/Svae =?¶e/ ivñe? m/ét>? su/çm! A?cRn! , yc! Dae/ic;a? shss! puÇ/ itóa? A/i- i]/tI> à/wy/n! sUyaˆR/ n¨n! . 3-014-04 v/y< te? A/* r?ir/ma ih kam?m! %Äa/nh?Sta/ nm?saep/s*? , yij?óen/ mn?sa yi] de/van! Aöe?xta/ mNm?na/ ivàae? A¶e . 3-014-05 Tvdœ ix pu?Ç shsae/ iv pU/vIrœ de/vSy/ yNTy! ^/tyae/ iv vaja>? , Tv< de?ih sh/iö[<? r/iy< nae? =Ôae/"e[/ vc?sa s/Tym! A?¶e . 3-014-06 tu_y<? d] kiv³tae/ yanI/ma dev/ mtaR?sae AXv/re Ak?mR , Tv< ivñ?Sy su/rw?Sy baeix/ sv¡/ tdœ A?¶e Am&t Svde/h . 3-014-07 3.014.01 The invoker (of the gods), the exhilarator (of his worshippers), the true, the offerer of sacrifice, the most wise, the creator, is present at our sacred rites. Agni, the son of strength, whose chariot is the lightning, whose hair is flame, manifests his glory on the earth. 3.014.02 I utter to you the words of adoration, be pleased by them observer of truth; endowed with strength, (they are addressed) to you who are the expounder (of sacred rites); wise (as you are), bring (hither) the wise; object of sacrifice, sit down in the midst upon the sacred grass for our protection. 3.014.03 May the good-bestowing day and night hasten to you while you, Agni meet them on the paths of the wind; since (the priests) ever worship you preceding (them) with oblations, whilst they (united) like the pole (and the yoke of a wagon), abide successively in our dwelling. [Preceding: pu_rvyam = sa_yam pra_tah ka_layoh pu_rvyam, i.e., Agni is worshipped at dawn before the day, and in the evening before night]. 3.014.04 Vigorous Agni, you Mitra and Varun.a, and all the Maruts, offer praise; since, son of strength, you stand a sun, shedding your rays with lustre on manking. [You stand a son: tis.t.a_h su_rya: su, good; arya, master; or as, urger, impeller, preraka, or vigour, energy, vi_rya]. 3.014.05 With uplifted hands, approaching you with reverence we present you today our oblation do you who are wise, worship the gods with most devout mind and with unwearied praise. [Yajus. 18.75: with uplifted hands: utta-anahastah; also means, with open hands, not niggardly; oblation: ka_mam = oblation, purod.a_s'a_dihavis, as that which is desirable to the gods, kamani_yam]. 3.014.06 From you, verily, son of strength, many and various benefactions and various kinds of food devolve upon the devout (worshipper) do you grant us, Agni, infinite wealth, and (a son) observant of truth, with speech devoid of guile. 3.014.07 Divine (Agni), mighty and omniscient, these (are the offerings) which we mortals present to you in the sacrifice; do you be cognizant of every respectable worshipper, and partake, immortal of all (his offerings) on this occasion. [Be cognizant: vis'vasya surathasya bodhi: know that I am his protector, gopa_yita_ bhava_mi iti budhyasva; suratha = lit., one who has a good chariot, s'obhanaya_nopetasya].

r.s.i: utki_la ka_tya; devata_: agni; chanda: tris.t.up

iv paj?sa p&/wuna/ zaezu?canae/ bax?Sv iÖ/;ae r/]sae/ AmI?va> , su/zmR?[ae b&h/t> zmR?i[ Syam! A/¶erœ A/h< su/hv?Sy/ à[I?taE . 3-015-01 Tv< nae? A/Sya %/;sae/ VyuòaE/ Tv< sUr/ %id?te baeix gae/pa> , jNme?v/ inTy</ tn?y< ju;Sv/ Staem?m! me A¶e t/Nva sujat . 3-015-02 Tv< n&/c]a? v&;/-anu? pU/vI> k«/:[aSv! A?¶e Aé/;ae iv -a?ih , vsae/ nei;? c/ pi;R/ caTy! A&lth>? k«/xI nae? ra/y %/izjae? yivó . 3-015-03 A;a?¦œhae A¶e v&;/-ae id?dIih/ purae/ ivña>/ saE-?ga s&ltijgI/van! , y/}Sy? ne/ta à?w/mSy? pa/yaerœ jat?vedae b&h/t> su?à[Ite . 3-015-04 AiCD?Ôa/ zmR? jirt> pu/êi[? de/vaACDa/ dI*a?n> sume/xa> , rwae/ n siõ?rœ A/i- v?i]/ vaj/m! A¶e/ Tv< raed?sI n> su/meke? . 3-015-05 à pI?py v&;-/ ijNv/ vaja/n! A¶e/ Tv< raed?sI n> su/dae"e? , de/vei-?rœ dev su/éca? éca/nae ma nae/ mtR?Sy ÊmR/it> pir? óat! . 3-015-06 #¦a?m! A¶e pué/d&lts<? s/in< gae> z?ñÄ/m< hv?manay sax , Syan! n>? sU/nus! tn?yae iv/java¶e/ sa te? sum/itrœ -U?Tv! A/Sme . 3-015-07 3.015.01 Radiant with great glory, repel the hostile ra_ks.asas and pis'a_cas; may I be in (the enjoyment) of the favour of the great (Agni), the giver of prosperity, and in the service of (him who is) easily invoked. [Yajus. 2.49; dvis.o raks.aso ami_va_h: ami_va_ is either an epithet of the ra_ks.asas, free from sickness, vigorous, strong; or, it may be a synonym of pis'a_cika, as hovering about the sacrifice in order to interrupt it; ami_va_ may mean keep off diseases (vya_dhi), vya_dham.s'ca badhasva]. 3.015.02 Consider yourself our protector at the breaking of the dawn today and when the sun has risen; Agni, who is engendered with (embodied) form, be pleased with my constant praise, as a father (is pleased with) his son. [When the sun has risen: some perform the worship of fire before the sun-rise, some after the sun has risen; with (embodied) form: tanva_ suja_tah, well-born with a body, i.e. with flames; or, it may mean self-born, svayambhu; as a father: janmeva tanayam, yatha_ pita_ putram sevate, janma, being put for janaka]. 3.015.03 Showerer (of benefits),beholder of men, radiant amid darkness, shine, Agni, with abundant (rays) in due order; granter of dwellings, conduct us (to good), keep off all ill, and youngest (of all the gods), gratify our desires for wealth. 3.015.04 Agni, who is irresistible and the showerer (of benefits), consume victorious all the cities (of the foe) and (all their) precious things; do you, the duly worshipped, the knower of all that is born, (be for us) the conductor of the first great preserving sacrifice. [The first great preserving sacrifice: of the jyotis.t.oma which is the first and the most important of sacrifices]. 3.015.05 Destroyer (of the world), do you who is endowed with intelligence and radiance celebrate many faultless sacred rites in honour of the gods, and restraining (your impatience), convey to them like a wagon our (sacrificial) food; illume (with your rays) the beautiful heaven and earth. 3.015.06 Be propitious, showerer (of benefits); grant (abundant) food, Agni; (make) heaven and earth yield us milk; divine (Agni), associated with the gods, shining with bright radiance, let not the ill-will of any mortal prevail against us. 3.015.07 Grant, Agni, to the offerer of the oblation, earth the giver of cattle the means of many sacred rites, such that it may long endure; may there be to us sons and grandsons, and may your favour, Agni, be productive of good to us.

r.s.i: utki_la ka_tya; devata_: agni; chanda: ba_rhata praga_tha; 1,3,5 br.hati_, 2,4,6 satobr.hati_

A/ym! A/i¶> su/vIyR/Syeze? m/h> saE-?gSy , ra/y $?ze Svp/TySy/ gaem?t/ $ze? v&Ç/hwa?nam! . 3-016-01 #/m< n?rae mét> síta/ v&x</ yiSm/n! ray>/ zev&?xas> , A/i- ye siNt/ p&t?nasu Ë/F(ae iv/ñaha/ zÇu?m! Aad/-u> . 3-016-02 s Tv< nae? ra/y> iz?zIih/ mIFœvae? A¶e su/vIyR?Sy , tuiv?*uç/ vi;R?óSy à/jav?tae =nmI/vSy? zu/i:m[>? . 3-016-03 ci³/rœ yae ivña/ -uv?na/i- sa?s/ihz! ci³?rœ de/ve:v! Aa Êv>? , Aa de/ve;u/ yt?t/ Aa su/vIyR/ Aa z&lts? %/t n&/[am! . 3-016-04 ma nae? A/¶e =?mtye/ mavIr?tayE rIrx> , magaeta?yE shss! puÇ/ ma in/de =?p/ Öe;a</Sy! Aa k«?ix . 3-016-05 z/iGx vaj?Sy su-g à/jav/tae =?¶e b&h/tae A?Xv/re , s< ra/ya -Uy?sa s&j myae/-una/ tuiv?*uç/ yz?Svta . 3-016-06 3.016.01 This Agni, is the lord of heroism and of great good fortune; he is the lord of wealth comprising progeny and cattle; he is the lord of the slayers of Vr.tra; [vr.trahatha_na_m i_s'e: vr.tra may imply an enemy, or iniquity; tvayi samarpita karma_n.a_m asma_kam tvat prasa_da_t pa_paks.ayo bhavati, through your favour is the destruction of the sins of us whose good works have been delivered to you]. 3.016.02 Maruts, leaders (of rites), associate with this augmenter (of our prosperity), in whom (abide) riches contributing to felicity, you who (are victorious) over (your) enemies in battle, who daily humble (your) foes. 3.016.03 Do you, opulent Agni, showerer (of benefits), prosper us with riches comprising vigour, numerous progeny health, and happiness. 3.016.04 He who is the maker pevades all worlds; he the enduring maker (of all) bears our offerings to the gods; he is present with the devout (worshippers) and amidst th eheroism and the devotions of men. 3.016.05 Consign us not, Agni to malignity; (doom) us not to the absence of posterity; nor, son of strength, to the want of cattle, nor to reproach; drive away (all) animosities. 3.016.06 Auspicious Agni, bestow (upon us) at the rite, food (the source of) happiness and renown. [Happiness: maya iti sukhana_ya 's'evr.dhammayah' (Nirukta 3.6.7)

r.s.i: kata vais'va_mitra; devata_: agni; chanda: tris.t.up

s/im/Xyma?n> àw/manu/ xmaR/ sm! A/­…i-?rœ AJyte iv/ñva?r> , zae/ic:ke?zae "&/tin?i[Rkœ pav/k> su?y/}ae A/i¶rœ y/jwa?y de/van! . 3-017-01 yway?jae hae/Çm! A?¶e p&iw/Vya ywa? id/vae ja?tvedz! icik/Tvan! , @/vanen? h/iv;a? yi] de/van! m?nu/:vdœ y/}m! à it?re/mm! A/* . 3-017-02 ÇI{y! AayU<?i;/ tv? jatveds! it/ö Aa/janI?rœ %/;s?s! te A¶e , tai-?rœ de/vana/m! Avae? yi] iv/Öan! Awa? -v/ yj?manay/ z< yae> . 3-017-03 A/i¶< su?dI/it< su/†z<? g&/[Ntae? nm/Syam/s! Tvef(<? jatved> , Tva< Ë/tm! A?r/it< h?Vy/vah<? de/va A?k«{vÚ! A/m&t?Sy/ nai-?m! . 3-017-04 ys! Tvdœ xaeta/ pUvaˆR? A¶e/ yjI?yan! iÖ/ta c/ sÄa? Sv/xya? c z/M-u> , tSyanu/ xmR/ à y?ja icik/Tvae =?w nae xa AXv/r< de/vvI?taE . 3-017-05 3.017.01 The righteous (Agni) when first kindled on the several (altars) the object of adoration by all, whose hair is flame, and who is cleansed with butter, the purifier, the worthy-worshipped, is sprinkled with oblations for the worship of the gods. [The righteous Agni: prathama_nudharma_: dharma is a synonym of agni; or, the construction may be anudharma, according to law or religion]. 3.017.02 As you did offer the burnt-offering, Agni, (on behalf of) earth; as you, Ja_tavedas, who are cognizant (of sacred rites, did offer sacrifice on behalf) of heaven; so with this oblation worship the gods, and perfect this rite today (as you did) that of Manu. 3.017.03 Three are your existences Ja_tavedas; three, Agni, are your parent dawns; with them offer the oblation of the gods, the knowing (his wishes) be the bestower of happiness on the institutor of the sacrifice. [Three existences: tri_n.ya_yum.si, three lives, as supported by butter, by fuel and the Soma; parent dawns: tisra agni_rus.asah: a_ja_ni_ may mean sisters, or mothers; the dawns personified as the parents or sisters of Agni, as prior or subsequent to the lighting of the sacrificial fire in the early morning; 'three' may relate to three diurnal fires; as sisters, separate offices are assigned to them: praja_m eka_ raks.aty u_rjam eka_, ra_s.t.ram eka_ raks.ati, one preserves the people, one vigour, one the kingdom]. 3.017.04 Ja_tavedas, we venerate you, glorifying the brilliant, beautiful, adorable Agni; the gods have made you their messenger, the disinterested bearer of oblations, the centre of ambrosia. 3.017.05 He is the most diligent offerer of worship who is the presenter of oblations before you are and who in two places (the middling and the best) seated with the sacrificial food is (the source of) happiness (to the worshippers); do you cognizant (of the objects of devotion), officiate in accordance with his piety, and thus render our rite acceptable to the gods.

r.s.i: kata vais'va_mitra; devata_: agni; chanda: tris.t.up

-va? nae A¶e su/mna/ %pe?taE/ soe?v/ sOye? ip/tre?v sa/xu> , pu/é/Ô‚hae/ ih i]/tyae/ jna?na/m! àit? àtI/cIrœ d?hta/dœ Ara?tI> . 3-018-01 tpae/ :v! A¶e/ ANt?raA/imÇa/n! tpa/ z&lts/m! Ar?é;>/ pr?Sy , tpae? vsae icikta/nae A/icÄa/n! iv te? itóNtam! A/jra? A/yas>? . 3-018-02 #/Xmena?¶ #/CDma?nae "&/ten? ju/haeim? h/Vy< tr?se/ bla?y , yav/dœ $ze/ äü?[a/ vNd?man #/ma< ixy<? zt/seya?y de/vIm! . 3-018-03 %c! Dae/ic;a? shss! puÇ Stu/tae b&/hdœ vy>? zzma/ne;u? xeih , re/vdœ A?¶e iv/ñaim?Çe;u/ z< yaerœ m?m!rœ#R/Jma te? t/Nvm! -Uir/ k«Tv>? . 3-018-04 k«/ix rÆ<? susint/rœ xna?na</ s "edœ A?¶e -vis/ yt! sim?Ï> , Stae/turœ Ê?rae/[e su/-g?Sy re/vt! s&/àa k/rõa? dix;e/ vpU<?i; . 3-018-05 3.018.01 Be favourably disposed Agni, on approaching us (at this rite); be the fulfiller (of our objects) like a friend (to a friend) or parents (to a child); since men are the grievous oppressors of men, do you consume the foes who come against us. 3.018.02 Vex thoroughly, Agni, our assailing enemies, disappoint the purpose of the adversary who offers not worship; giver of dwellings, who are cognizant (of sacred rites), vex those who have no thought (of pious acts) so that your undecaying, all-pervading (rays), may ever abide. 3.018.03 Desirous (of wealth) I offer to you Agni, an oblation with butter and with fuel for your speed and invigoration, praising you with a holy prayer as much as I am able; I propitiate you that you may render this praise resplendent with infinite treasure. 3.018.04 Rise up, son of strength, with your splendour when hymned, and bestow abundant food and wealth, Agni, upon the descendants of Vis'va_mitra celebrating your praise; and grant them exemption from sickness and danger; encourager of pious works (Agni), we repeatedly sprinkle your substance (with milk and butter). [Upon the descendants of Vis'va_mitra: vis'va_mitres.u, on the Vis'va_mitras, or the plural may be used honorifically in the sense of the singular]. 3.018.05 Liberal donor (of riches) bestow upon us the most precious of treasures, for therefore is it, Agni, that you are kindled; you have aims promptly stretched forth, whose (radiant) forms (bestow) wealth on the dwelling of your fortunate adorer.

r.s.i: ga_thi_ kaus'ika; devata_: agni; chanda: tris.t.up

A/i¶< haeta?r/m! à v&?[e im/yexe/ g&Ts<? k/iv< iv?ñ/ivd/m! AmU?rm! , s nae? y]dœ de/vta?ta/ yjI?yan! ra/ye vaja?y vnte m/"ain? . 3-019-01 à te? A¶e h/iv:m?tIm! #y/My!rœ ACDa? su*u/ça< ra/itnI? "&/tacI?m! , à/d/i]/i[dœ de/vta?itm! %ra/[> s< ra/iti-/rœ vsu?i-rœ y/}m! A?ïet! . 3-019-02 s tejI?ysa/ mn?sa/ Tvaet? %/t iz?] Svp/TySy? iz/]ae> , A¶e? ra/yae n&t?mSy/ à-U?taE -U/yam? te suòu/ty?z! c/ vSv>? . 3-019-03 -UrI?i[/ ih Tve d?ix/re AnI/ka¶e? de/vSy/ yJy?vae/ jna?s> , s Aa v?h de/vta?it< yivó/ zxaˆR/ ydœ A/* id/Vy< yja?is . 3-019-04 yt! Tva/ haeta?rm! A/nj?n! im/yexe? in;a/dy?Ntae y/jwa?y de/va> , s Tv< nae? A¶e =iv/teh bae/Xy! Aix/ ïva<?is xeih ns! t/nU;u? . 3-019-05 3.019.01 I have recourse in this sacrifice to Agni, the invoker and praiser (of the gods), theintelligent, the all-knowing the unbeguiled; may he, the adorable, sacrificer for us to the gods, (and) accept the precious (offerings) we make for food and riches. 3.019.02 Reverencing the gods, I place before you Agni, the brilliant oblation-yielding, food-bestowing, butter-charged (offering); may you (propitiated) by the present wealth, sanctify (this) sacrifice by your circumambulation. 3.019.03 He who isprotected, Agni, by you, becomes endowed with a most luminous mind; bestow upon him excellent progeny; may we ever be under the power of you who is the willing dispenser of riches; glorifying you (may we be) the receptacles of wealth. 3.019.04 The ministering priests have concentrated in you Agni, who are divine, many hosts (of flames); do you bring hither the gods, youngest (of the deities), that you may worship today the divine effulgence. 3.019.05 Inasmuch as the attendant divine (priests) anoint you as the invoker of the gods to offer worship in the sacrifice, therefore do you assent to be our protector on this occasion, and grant abundant food to our descendants.

r.s.i: ga_thi_ kaus'ika; devata_: agni, 1,5 vis'vedeva_; chanda: tris.t.up

A/i¶m! %/;s?m! A/iñna? dix/³a< Vyuiò;u hvte/ viû?rœ %/KwE> , su/Jyaeit?;ae n> z&{vNtu de/va> s/jae;?sae AXv/r< va?vza/na> . 3-020-01 A¶e/ ÇI te/ vaij?na/ ÇI ;/xSwa? it/ös! te? ij/þa \?tjat pU/vI> , it/ö %? te t/Nvae de/vva?ta/s! tai-?rœ n> paih/ igrae/ Aà?yuCDn! . 3-020-02 A¶e/ -UrI?i[/ tv? jatvedae/ dev? Svxavae =/m&t?Sy/ nam? , yaz! c? ma/ya ma/iyna<? ivñimNv/ Tve pU/vI> s<?d/xu> p&?òbNxae . 3-020-03 A/i¶rœ ne/ta -g? #v i]tI/na< dEvI?na< de/v \?tu/pa \/tava? , s v&?Ç/ha s/nyae? iv/ñve?da>/ p;R/dœ ivñait? Êir/ta g&/[Nt?m! . 3-020-04 d/ix/³am! A/i¶m! %/;s<? c de/vIm! b&h/Spit<? siv/tar<? c de/vm! , A/iñna? im/Çavé?[a/ -g<? c/ vsU?n! é/ÔaAa?id/Tya#/h ÷?ve . 3-020-05 3.020.01 The bearer (of the oblation) invokes with praises at the break of day, Agni, the dawn, the As'vins, and Dadhikra); may the resplendent divinities, desirous of our sacrifice, hear in unison (the invocation). [Dadhikra_ = ordinarily means a horse; here, it  implies a divinity: dadhikra_va na_ma kas'cidevah tam dadhika_van.am]. 3.020.02 Agni, born of sacrifice, three are your viands; three your abiding places, three the tongue satisfying (thegods); three verily are your forms acceptable to the deities, and with them never heedless (of our wishes), bepropitious to our praises. [Three viands: butter, fuel and the Soma; three abiding places: three altars, or the three daily sacrifices, or the three worlds; three tongues: three fires, ga_rhapatya, a_havani_ya and daks.in.a_; three forms: three fires termed pa_vaka, pavama_na and s'uci]. 3.020.03 Divine Agni, knowing all that exists and distributor of food, many are the names of you who are immortal satisffier of all men, friend of the suppliant, the gods have deposited in you whatever are the delusions of the deluding (ra_ks.asas). [Many are the names of you: bhu_ri_n.i na_ma, for na_ma_ni; the substantive is explained by teja_m.si, splendours; the gods have deposited: therefore agni is able to counteract their devices for disturbing sacrifices. 3.020.04 The divine Agni is the guide of devout men, as the sun is the regulator of the seasons; may he, the observer of truth, the slayer of Vr.tra, the ancient, the omniscient convey his adorer (safe) over all difficulties. 3.020.05 I invoke to this rite, Dadhikra_, Agni, the divine Us.as, Br.haspati, the divine Savita_, the As'vins, Mitra and Varun.a, Bhaga, the Vasus, the Rudras, and A_dityas.

r.s.i: ga_thi_ kaus'ika; devata_: agni; chanda: 1,4 tris.t.up, 2,3 anus.t.up, 5 vira_d.ru_pa_ satobr.hati_

#/m< nae? y/}m! A/m&te?;u xehI/ma h/Vya ja?tvedae ju;Sv , Stae/kana?m! A¶e/ med?sae "&/tSy/ haet>/ àaza?n àw/mae in/;*? . 3-021-01 "&/tv?Nt> pavk te Stae/ka íae?tiNt/ med?s> , Svx?mRn! de/vvI?tye/ ïeó<? nae xeih/ vayR?m! . 3-021-02 tu_y<? Stae/ka "&?t/íutae =?¶e/ ivàa?y sNTy , \i;>/ ïeó>/ sm! #?Xyse y/}Sy? àaiv/ta -?v . 3-021-03 tu_y<? íaetNTy! AiØgae zcIv Stae/kasae? A¶e/ med?sae "&/tSy? , k/iv/z/Stae b&?h/ta -a/nunaga? h/Vya ju?;Sv meixr . 3-021-04 Aaeij?ó< te mXy/tae med/ %ѯ?t/m! à te? v/y< d?damhe , íaet?iNt te vsae Stae/ka Aix? Tv/ic àit/ tan! de?v/zae iv?ih . 3-021-05 3.021.01 Convey our sacrifice, Ja_tavedas, to the immortals and do you accept these oblations; Agni, invoker (of the gods) seated (on the altar) first partake of the drops of the marrow and of the butter. [Stoka_h = any small portion; further explained as bindavah, drops; the hymn is proper to animal sacrifices, pas'u-ya_gam]. 3.021.02 The drops of the marrow charged with butter fall, purifier, to you, at your own rite, for the food of the gods; therefore grant us excellent affluence. 3.021.03 The drops (of the marrow) dripping with butter are offered, Agni, to you who are wise; you the most excellent r.s.i are kindled; be the protector of the sacrifice. 3.021.04 Irrepressible and powerful, Agni, the drops of marrow and of butter distil for you; therefore you, who are praised by sages, come with great splendour, and be pleased ever intelligent Agni, with our oblations. 3.021.05 We present to you the densest marrow that has been extracted for you from the interior (of the victim); grant of dwellings, the drops fall for you upon the skin; distribute them amongst the gods. [ojis.t.ham te madhyato meda udbhr.tam: the meda or vapa_ is described as the fatty matter that lubricates the abdomen like coagulated butter].

r.s.i: ga_thi_ kaus'ika; devata_: agni, 4 puri_s.ya agni_; chanda: tris.t.up, 4 anus.t.up

A/y< sae A/i¶rœ yiSm/n! saem/m! #NÔ>? su/t< d/xe j/Qre? vavza/n> , s/h/iö[</ vaj/m! ATy</ n siÝ<? ss/van! sn! StU?yse jatved> . 3-022-01 A¶e/ yt! te? id/iv vcR>? p&iw/Vya< ydœ Aae;?xI:v! A/PSv! Aa y?jÇ , yena/Ntir?]m! %/v!rœ Aat/tNw? Tve/;> s -a/nurœ A?[R/vae n&/c]a>? . 3-022-02 A¶e? id/vae A[R/m! ACDa? ijga/Sy! ACDa? de/va^?ic;e/ ix:{ya/ ye , ya rae?c/ne p/rSta/t! sUyR?Sy/ yaz! ca/vSta?dœ %p/itó?Nt/ Aap>? . 3-022-03 pu/rI/:yasae A/¶y>? àav/[ei->? s/jae;?s> , ju/;Nta<? y/}m! A/Ô‚hae? =nmI/va #;ae? m/hI> . 3-022-04 #¦a?m! A¶e pué/d&lts<? s/in< gae> z?ñÄ/m< hv?manay sax , Syan! n>? sU/nus! tn?yae iv/java¶e/ sa te? sum/itrœ -U?Tv! A/Sme . 3-022-05 3.022.01 This is that Agni in whom Indra, desirous (of the oblation), placed the effused Soma for (his own) belly; you are praised by us, Ja_tavedas, enjoying the sacrificial food of many sorts like a rapid courser (enjoying many pleasures in battle). [pan~cacitiru_pa_ agnayo devata_: each hymn is separately recited as the adhvaryu constructs a pit or an altar, is.t.aka_, for collecting cayana or citi a sacrificial fire; cf. Yajus. 12.47.51; placed: dadhe jat.hare svodare d_dha_ra: one verb is also applied to yasmin, the fire in which the Soma was placed; sahasrin.am va_jam atyam na saptim sasava_n = enjoying a thousandfold food like a quick-going horse; i.e. like a horse that enjoys various properties in battle, sahasram na_na_ru_pata_m yuddhe yo bhajati sa sahasri tam as'vamiva; another interpretation: sahasrin.am is related to somam, worthy or fit for a thousand libations, somam sahara_rham; atyam and saptim to va_jam food, exhilarating, modakaram, and satisfying tr.ptikaram na, meaning 'now' samprati]. 3.022.02 Adorable Agni, your radiance that is in the heaven, on the earth, in the plants, in the waters and wherewith you overspread the firmament, that is shining and resplendent, overlooking man (vast as) the ocean. [In the heaven: Agni, severally, as the sun, as sacrificial fire, as the fire that is illuminated by attrition from wood, as submarine fire and as wind; overlooking man (vast as) the ocean: tves.a sa bha_nur arn.avo nr.caks.ah = di_ptima_n eva bha_samano nr.n.a_m dras.t.a_ samudravan maha_n, shining ocean (sa bha_nurarn.avo nr.caks.a_ iti maha_ntsa (S'atapatha Bra_hman.a 7.1.23); another explanation: arn.avah = arn.a_nsi, udaka_ni yatra santi, the place where the waters are: after this verse the priest adds, idr.s'o yaste bha_nus, tam eves.t.aka_ru_pam upadadha_mi, such being your lustre, I place it in the form of the is.t.ka_]. 3.022.03 You move, Agni, to the vapour in heaven; you congregate the divinities who are the vital airs (of the body); you animate the waters in the bright region above the sun, as well as those that are in the firmament beneath. [Vapour in heaven: i.e. in the form of smoke; congregate the divinities: deva_n u_cis.e dhis.n.ya_ ye: dhis.n.a = pra_n.ya; or, the deva_s presiding over the vital airs, pra_n.a_bhima_nino deva_h; u_cis.e = samaveta_n karos.i; the bright region above the sun: rocane parasta_t su_ryasya: rocana = loka or region where the fiery radiance burns, rocano na_ma_yam loko yatra a_gneyam jyotis. tapati_, above the sun, su_ryasyoparis.t.a_t]. 3.022.04 May the benignant fires termed puris.ya_s, together with the instruments (that have dug the pits in which they are placed) combined, accept the sacrifice (and grant us) salutary and abundant food. [pur_is.yas: puri_s.ya_so agnayah = sikata_ sammis.ra_h, mixed with sand; puri_s.am is a synonym of water and also that which pleases or fills : puri_s.am pr.na_teh pu_rayaterva_ (Nirukta 2.22); with the instruments: pra_vanebhih = mr.tkhananasa_dhanabhu_tair abhrya_dibhih: abhrya and others, which are the implements for digging the earth]. 3.022.05 Grant, Agni, to the offerer of the oblation earth the giver of cattle, the means of many sacred ries, such that it may long endure; may there be to us sons and grandsons, and may your favour, Agni, be productive of good to us.

r.s.i: devas'rava_ and devava_ta bha_rata; devata_: agni; chanda: tris.t.up, 3 satobr.hati_

inmR?iwt>/ suix?t/ Aa s/xSwe/ yuva? k/ivrœ A?Xv/rSy? à[e/ta , jUyR?TSv! A/i¶rœ A/jrae/ vne/:v! AÇa? dxe A/m&t<? ja/tve?da> . 3-023-01 Am?iNwòa/m! -ar?ta re/vdœ A/i¶< de/vï?va de/vva?t> su/d]?m! , A¶e/ iv p?Zy b&h/tai- ra/ye;a< nae? ne/ta -?vta/dœ Anu/ *Un! . 3-023-02 dz/ i]p>? pU/Vy¡ sI?m! AjIjn/n! suja?tm! ma/t&;u? ià/ym! , A/i¶< Stu?ih dEvva/t< de?vïvae/ yae jna?na/m! As?dœ v/zI . 3-023-03 in Tva? dxe/ vr/ Aa p&?iw/Vya #¦a?yas! p/de su?idn/Tve Aûa?m! , †/;Ö?Tya/m! manu?; Aap/yaya</ sr?SvTya< re/vdœ A?¶e iddIih . 3-023-04 #¦a?m! A¶e pué/d&lts<? s/in< gae> z?ñÄ/m< hv?manay sax , Syan! n>? sU/nus! tn?yae iv/java¶e/ sa te? sum/itrœ -U?Tv! A/Sme . 3-023-05 3.023.01 Churned (by the friction of the sticks), duly placed in the sacrificial chamber, the young and sage leader of the rite, Ja_tavedas, the imperishable Agni, (blazing) amidst consuming forests, grants us on this occasion ambrosial (food). 3.023.02 The two sons of Bharata, Devas'ravas and Devava_ta, have churned the very powerful and wealth-bestowing Agni; look upon us, Agni, with vast riches, and be the bringer of food (to us) every day. 3.023.03 The ten fingers have generated this ancient (Agni); praise, Devas'ravas, this well-born, beloved (son) of his parents, generated by Devava_ta, Agni, who is the servant of men. [His parents: the two pieces of stick that have been rubbed together by Devava_ta]. 3.023.04 I place you in an excellent spot of earth on an auspicious day of days; do you, Agni, shine on the frequent (banks) of the Dr.s.advati, A_paya_ and Sarasvati_ rivers. [In an excellent spot of earth: pr.thivya_ il.a_yaspade, in the footmark of the earth in the form of a cow; i.e. on the northern altar; frequented banks: ma_nus.e, relating to man or to Manu; implies, manus.yasam.caran.avis.aye ti_re, on a bank, a place frequented by men; the Dr.s.advati_ and Sarasvati_ rivers are well known (r.s.ayo vai sarasvatya_m satrama_sata : Aitareya Bra_hman.a 2.19)]. 3.023.05 Grant, Agni, to the offerer of the oblation earth the giver of cattle, the means of many sacred rites, such that it may long endure; may there be to us sons and grandsons, and may your favour, Agni, be productive of good to us.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: agni; chanda: ga_yatri, 1 anus.t.up

A¶e/ sh?Sv/ p&t?na A/i-ma?tI/rœ Apa?Sy , Ê/òr/s! tr/Ú! Ara?tI/rœ vcaˆR? xa y/}va?hse . 3-024-01 A¶? #/¦a sm! #?Xyse vI/ithae?Çae/ Am?TyR> , ju/;Sv/ sU nae? AXv/rm! . 3-024-02 A¶e? *u/çen? jag&ve/ sh?s> sUnv! Aa÷t , @dm! b/ihR> s?dae/ mm? . 3-024-03 A¶e/ ivñe?i-rœ A/i¶i-?rœ de/vei-?rœ mhya/ igr>? , y/}e;u/ y %? ca/yv>? . 3-024-04 A¶e/ da da/zu;e? r/iy< vI/rv?Nt/m! prI?[sm! , iz/zI/ih n>? sUnu/mt>? . 3-024-05 3.024.01 Repel, Agni, (hostile) hosts; drive away (all) assailants; insuperable, foe-surpassing, give food to the institutor of this sacrifice. [Yajurveda 9.37]. 3.024.02 Agni (who is) immortal and who is gratified by oblations, you are kindled upon the altar; be pleased by this our sacrifice. 3.024.03 Agni, son of strength, vigilant (in the exercise of) your energy, take your seat when invoked on the sacred grass (strewn at) my (sacrifice). [Vigilant: dyumnena ja_gr.ve = svatejasa_ sarvada_ ja_garan.opeta (ja_gr.vir ja_garan.a_t: Nirukta 9.8), always endowed with his vigilance by own lustre or energy, loka-raks.a_rtham, for the preservation of the world]. 3.024.04 Agni, with all the divine fires, respect the praises of those who in (their) sacrifices are (your especial) worshippers. 3.024.05 Grant, Agni, ample wealth and progeny to the donor (of the oblation); make us prosperous, possessed of offspring.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: agni, 4 agni_ndra; chanda: vira_t.

A¶e? id/v> sU/nurœ A?is/ àce?ta/s! tna? p&iw/Vya %/t iv/ñve?da> , \x?g! de/va#/h y?ja icikTv> . 3-025-01 A/i¶> s?naeit vI/yaRi[ iv/Öan! s/naeit/ vaj?m! A/m&ta?y/ -U;?n! , s nae? de/va@h v?ha pué]ae . 3-025-02 A/i¶rœ *ava?p&iw/vI iv/ñj?Nye/ Aa -a?it de/vI A/m&te/ AmU?r> , ]y/n! vajE>? puéí/NÔae nmae?i-> . 3-025-03 A¶/ #NÔ?z! c da/zu;ae? Êrae/[e su/tav?tae y/}m! #/haep? yatm! , Am?xRNta saem/peya?y deva . 3-025-04 A¶e? A/pa< sm! #?Xyse Êrae/[e inTy>? sUnae shsae jatved> , s/xSwa?in m/hy?man ^/tI . 3-025-05 3.025.01 Agni, who is omniscient, and the discriminator (of acts), you are the son of heaven or the son of earth; do you who is intelligent worship severally the gods on this occasion. 3.025.02 The wise Agni bestows faculties (securing prosperity and descendants); adorning (the world with lustre) he gives (sacrificial food) to the immortals; Agni, (to whom) many oblations (are offered), bring hither to us the gods. 3.025.03 Agni, the unbewildered, the ruler (of the world), the radiant, associated with vigour and food, illumines the divine immortal parents of all things, heaven and earth. 3.025.04 Agni, do you and Indra, gods disdaining not (our rite), come to the sacrifice in the dwelling of the offerer of the libation to drink the Soma. 3.025.05 Agni, son of strength, Ja_tavedas the eternal traversing the inhabited regions with your protection, you are kindled in the dwelling of the waters. [You are kindled in the dwelling of the waters: i.e. as lightning in the firmament].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; 7 a_tma_; devata_: 1-3 vais'va_nara agni, 4-6 marudgan.a, 7-8 a_tma_ or agni, 9 vis'va_mitropa_dhya_ya

vE/ña/n/rm! mn?sa/i¶< in/caYya? h/iv:m?Ntae Anu;/Ty< Sv/ivRd?m! , su/danu<? de/v< r?iw/r< v?sU/yvae? gI/-I r/{v< k…?iz/kasae? hvamhe . 3-026-01 t< zu/æm! A/i¶m! Av?se hvamhe vEñan/rm! ma?t/irña?nm! %/KWym! , b&h/Spit/m! mnu?;ae de/vta?tye/ ivà</ ïaeta?r/m! Ait?iw< r"u/:yd?m! . 3-026-02 Añae/ n ³Nd/|! jin?i->/ sm! #?Xyte vEñan/r> k…?iz/kei-?rœ yu/ge-yu?ge , s nae? A/i¶> su/vIy¡/ SvZVy</ dxa?tu/ rÆ?m! A/m&te?;u/ jag&?iv> . 3-026-03 à y?Ntu/ vaja/s! tiv?;Ii-rœ A/¶y>? zu/-e siMm?ða>/ p&;?tIrœ Ayu]t , b&/h/Ê]ae? m/étae? iv/ñve?ds>/ à ve?pyiNt/ pvR?ta/Ada?_ya> . 3-026-04 A/i¶/iïyae? m/étae? iv/ñk«?òy/ Aa Tve/;m! %/¢m! Av? $mhe v/ym! , te Sva/innae? é/iÔya? v/;Rin?i[Rj> is</ha n he/;³?tv> su/dan?v> . 3-026-05 ìat<?-ìat< g/[<-g?[< suz/iSti-?rœ A/¶erœ -am?m! m/éta/m! Aaej? $mhe , p&;?dñasae Anv/æra?xsae/ gNta?rae y/}< iv/dwe?;u/ xIra>? . 3-026-06 A/i¶rœ A?iSm/ jNm?na ja/tve?da "&/tm! me/ c]u?rœ A/m&t?m! m Aa/sn! , A/kRs! iÇ/xatU/ rj?sae iv/manae =?jöae "/maˆR h/ivrœ A?iSm/ nam? . 3-026-07 iÇ/i-> p/ivÇE/rœ Apu?pae/dœ Xy! Ak¡ ù/da m/it< Jyaeit/rœ Anu? àja/nn! , vi;R?ó</ rÆ?m! Ak«t Sv/xai-/rœ Aadœ #dœ *ava?p&iw/vI pAY� A?pZyt! . 3-026-08 z/txa?r/m! %Ts/m! A]I?yma[< ivp/iít?m! ip/tr</ v®va?nam! , me/i¦m! md?Ntm! ip/Çaerœ %/pSwe/ t< rae?dsI ipp&t< sTy/vac?m! . 3-026-09 3.026.01 We of the race of Kus'ika offering oblations, desirous of wealth, having contemplated him in our minds, invoke with praises the divine Vais'va_nara, the observer of truth, the cognizant of heaven, the bountiful, the charioteer, the frequenter (of sacrifices). [Observer of truth: anusatya_: from anu and satya; the notion is not that of observing truth in the abstract, but of keeping faith with the sacrificer, by giving him the desired recompense to which he is justly entitled]. 3.026.02 We invoke you for our own protection and for the devotions of mankind, the radiant Agni, Vais'va_nara, the illuminator of the firmament, the adorable lord of sacred rites, the wise, the hearer (of supplications), the guest (of man), the quick-moving. [The adorable lord of sacred rites: br.haspati, explained here: br.hato yajn~asya patim, the lord of the great sacrifice, tatpa_lakataya_ sva_minam, lord through protecting it]. 3.026.03 Vais'va_nara is kindled in every age by the Kus'ikas as a neighing foal (is nourished) by its mother; may that Agni, vigilant among the immortals, give us wealth with excellent offspring and good horses. 3.026.04 May the swift fires combined with the vigorous winds proceed to the pure (region of the water), uniting the drops (of rain); the Maruts irresistible, all-knowing, agitate the copious-shedding clouds. 3.026.05 The fire-beautified, all-agitating Maruts; we seek their fierce radiance for protection; they, the sons of Rudra, the bountiful Maruts, whose form is the rain, are loudlike roaring lions. 3.026.06 We solicit the might of the Maruts, the irradiation of Agni with solemn prayers in every assembly and company (of worshippers); those Maruts who ahve partly-coloured steeds, who are dispensers of unfailing wealth, firm (of purpose), and frequenters of sacrifices. 3.026.07 I, Agni, am by birth endowed with knowledge of all that exists; clarified butter is my eye; ambrosia is my mouth; I am the living breath of threefold nature, the measure of the firmament, eternal warmth; I am also the oblation. [Yajus. 18.66; I, Agni, am by birth: agni asmi janmana_ ja_taveda_; clarified butter is my eye: a mystical description of the universality of Agni in the double capacity of the enjoyer and enjoyed, the food and the feeder, and in the three forms of fire, air, and the sun, presiding over earth, mid-heaven, and heaven; the eye of Agni is the light of all, which light is fed by oblations of butter; ambrosia is the reward of pious acts or enjoyment of heaven and the like, which is procurable through oblations to fire, as if through his mouth or countenance, amr.tam me a_san; arkastridha_tu_: arka = jagatsras.t.a_ pra_n.ah, world-creating vital air, which, becoming threefold is va_yu, in the firmament, agni, on earth and a_ditya as the source of eternal warmth and life. (Aitareya Bra_hman.a 10.6.5). Another interpretation: as the eye lights up the world, so ghi_ thrown upon the fire causes it ot burn fiercer and dispense more light; amr.ta = prabha_, light, light is in my countenance; tridha_t = the three vital airs termed pra_n.a, apa_na and vya_na; the identity with the air and the sun is similarly explained. Yet another interpretation: It is the yajama_na who identifies himself with Agni, saying, I am by birth, Agni, or of this form of Agni, Agni-ru_pa, the lord of all that is born, the sacrifice (arka), the three vedas, the measure of the water, the eternal sun; ghi_ is the eye; i.e., I behold the offerer of ghi_ on the fire; I convert the oblation that is put into my mouth into ambrosia; thus there is no duality between Agni and the individual, evama_tma_nyagnya_dvaitam]. 3.026.08 Agni, thoroughly comprehending the light that is to be understod by the heart, has purified himself (by the three) purifying (forms); he has made himself most excellent treasure by (these) self-manifestations, and has thence contemplated heaven and earth. [Having by self-contemplation recognized his identity with the three manifestations, Agni, Va_yu and A_ditya, he comes to know his identity with the universe, as by the text, a_tmani vijn~a_te sarvam idam vijn~a_tam bhavati, the self being known, all this (universe) is known]. 3.026.09 Heaven and earth be kind to that stage who is as it were a many-cahnneled and inexhaustible stream (of knowledge); the parent (of his disciples), the collater of holy texts, rejoicing on the lap of his parents,, whose words are truth. [That sage: That is, Vis'va_mitra himself; in consequence of his discovery that vais'va_nara is para-brahma the supreme spirit; perhaps, this hymn may be ascribed to Brahma].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: agni, 1 agni or r.tu; chanda: ga_yatri_

à vae/ vaja? A/i-*?vae h/iv:m?Ntae "&/taCya? , de/va|! ij?gait suç/yu> . 3-027-01 $¦e? A/i¶< iv?p/iít<? ig/ra y/}Sy/ sax?nm! , ïu/òI/van<? ix/tava?nm! . 3-027-02 A¶e? z/kem? te v/y< ym<? de/vSy? va/ijn>? , Ait/ Öe;a<?is trem . 3-027-03 s/im/Xyma?nae AXv/re =/i¶> pa?v/k $f(>? , zae/ic:ke?z/s! tm! $?mhe . 3-027-04 p&/wu/paja/ Am?TyaˆR "&/tin?i[R/kœ Sva÷t> , A/i¶rœ y/}Sy? hVy/vaqœ . 3-027-05 t< s/baxae? y/töu?c #/Twa ix/ya y/}v?Nt> , Aa c?³…rœ A/i¶m! ^/tye? . 3-027-06 haeta? de/vae Am?TyR> pu/rSta?dœ @it ma/yya? , iv/dwa?in àcae/dy?n! . 3-027-07 va/jI vaje?;u xIyte =Xv/re;u/ à [I?yte , ivàae? y/}Sy/ sax?n> . 3-027-08 ix/ya c?³e/ vre?{yae -U/tana</ g-R/m! Aa d?xe , d]?Sy ip/tr</ tna? . 3-027-09 in Tva? dxe/ vre?{y</ d]?Sye/¦a s?hSk«t , A¶e? sudI/itm! %/izj?m! . 3-027-10 A/i¶< y/Ntur?m! A/Ýur?m! \/tSy/ yaege? v/nu;>? , ivàa/ vajE>/ sm! #?Nxte . 3-027-11 ^/jaˆR npa?tm! AXv/re dI?id/va&lts/m! %p/ *iv? , A/i¶m! $?¦e k/iv³?tum! . 3-027-12 $/¦eNyae? nm/Sys! it/rs! tma<?is dzR/t> , sm! A/i¶rœ #?Xyte/ v&;a? . 3-027-13 v&;ae? A/i¶> sm! #?Xy/te =?ñae/ n de?v/vah?n> , t< h/iv:m?Nt $¦te . 3-027-14 v&;?[< Tva v/y< v&?;/n! v&;?[>/ sm! #?xImih , A¶e/ dI*?tm! b&/ht! . 3-027-15 3.027.01 The months, the half months, (the gods) who are the receivers of oblations, with the butter-yielding kine, preside over your rite; the sacrificer, desirous of prosperity, worships the gods. [The months: pra vo va_ja_ abhidyavo havis.manto ghr.ta_cya_: va_ja_ = ma_sa_h, months; abhi_dyavah = arddha ma_sa_h, half months; havis.manta = having the havis. or oblation of butter; an epithet of deva_h, gods (Taittiri_ya Samhita_ 2.5.7.4); also explaiend by pas'vah, animals yielding milk, of which havis. ismade; ghr.ta_ci = gau; another meaning is, sruk, a ladle; pra implies prabhavanti, all these preside over your sacrificing]. 3.027.02 I worship with praise the wise Agni, the accomplisher of sacrifice, the possessor of happiness, the repository of wealth. 3.027.03 May we offering oblations effect the detention of you is divine (until the completion of the rite), and may we (thereby) overcome all animosities. [Animosities: dves.a_m.si, hatreds; added, pa_pa_ni, sins]. 3.027.04 We solicit that Agni, who is being kindled at the sacrifice, the purifier, the adorable, whose hair is flame. 3.027.05 Agni, the bright-shining, the immortal, the cleanser with clarified butter, the fitly-involved, the bearer of the oblation in the sacrifice. 3.027.06 The exorcisers (of the demons), lifting up their ladles, and offering sacrifice, have called upon Agni by this ceremony for their protection. [The exorcisers: saba_dhah, repelling; the disturbers of sacred rites by repeating the mantras or charm for their destruction, raks.oghna mantrocca_ran.ena tadvis.ayaba_dhah]. 3.027.07 The offerer of the oblation, the divine, immortal, Agni, comes first (at the ceremony) directing solemnities by his experiences. [By his experiences: ma_yaya_, usually illusion or guile; explained here as karmavis.ayajn~a_nam, knowledge of the objects of sacred rites]. 3.027.08 The mighty Agni is placed (foremost by the gods) in battle; he is brought forward reverently at holy rites; for he is the sage fulfiller of the sacrifice.  3.027.09 He who has been made by the sacred rite, the choice (of the worshipper), who comprehends (within himself) the germ of all creatures, and whom the daughter of Daks.a (receives) as the parent of the world. [daks.asya pitaram tana_ = daks.asya praja_pater tanaya_, the daughter of the Praja_pati Daks.a; i,e, the earth, here identified with the altar, vediru_pa; she sustains, dha_rayati, understood, him, Agni, the protector or father of the world, sarvasya jagatah pa_lakam dha_rayati]. 3.027.10 Agni, strength-engendered, Il.a_ (the daughter) of Daks.a has sustained you, the desirable, the resplendent, and longing (for the oblation). [Il.a_ = earth or the altar]. 3.027.11 The wise (priests) performers (of the ceremony) kindle with oblations for the due celebration of the rite, Agni, the regulator (of all), the sender of the rain. 3.027.12 I adore at this sacrifice Agni the grandson of (sacrificial) food, shining above in the firmament, the creation of the wise. [Grandson of food: u_rjo napa_tam or the son of the oblation, as blazing when fed by butter and the like; or the descent may be differently accounted for, from the oblation proceed: A_ditya, and from A_ditya, Agni; the creation of the wise: kavikratum of whom, kavayah, the wise, that is the adhvaryu and the rest, are the makers, karta_rah, by their rubbing the sticks to evolve flame]. 3.027.13 Agni, who is to be worshipped with praise and with prostration, the dispeller of darkness, the beautiful, the showerer (of benefits) is kindled. 3.027.14 The offerers of oblations glorify that Agni who is the showerer (of benefits) and is the bearer of the offerings to the gods as a horse (bears his rider to his home). 3.027.15 Showerer (of benefits) we profusely offering (oblations) kindle you mighty and resplendent Agni, who is the sender of showers. [The sender of showers: Manu III.76: (on the property of Agni), the offering that is sacrificed with fire proceeds entirely to the sun, from the sun generated rain, and from rain food; from thence mankind].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: agni; chanda 1,2,6 ga_yatri_, 3 us.n.ik, 4 tris.t.up, 5 jagati_

A¶e? ju/;Sv? nae h/iv> pu?rae/¦az<? jatved> , àa/t>/sa/ve ix?yavsae . 3-028-01 pu/rae/¦a A?¶e pc/ts! tu_y<? va "a/ pir?:k«t> , t< ju?;Sv yivó( . 3-028-02 A¶e? vI/ih pu?rae/¦az/m! Aa÷?t< it/rae?û�ym! , sh?s> sU/nurœ A?Sy! AXv/re ih/t> . 3-028-03 maXy<?idne/ sv?ne jatved> purae/¦az?m! #/h k?ve ju;Sv , A¶e? y/þSy/ tv? -ag/xey</ n à im?niNt iv/dwe?;u/ xIra>? . 3-028-04 A¶e? t&/tIye/ sv?ne/ ih kain?;> purae/¦az<? shs> sUn/v! Aa÷?tm! , Awa? de/ve:v! A?Xv/r< iv?p/Nyya/ xa rÆ?vNtm! A/m&te?;u/ jag&?ivm! . 3-028-05 A¶e? v&xa/n Aa÷?itm! purae/¦az<? jatved> , ju/;Sv? it/rae?û�ym! . 3-028-06 3.028.01 Agni, by whom all is known, who rewards pious acts with wealth, accept our cakes offered with butter at the morning worships. 3.028.02 The cakes and butter are dressed, Agni, and verily prepared for you; accept them youngest (of the gods). 3.028.03 Eat, Agni, the cakes and butter offered as the day disappears; you, son of strength, are stationed (by us) at the sacrifice. 3.028.04 Wise Ja_tavedas accept the cakes and butter offered in this sacrifice at the mid-day rite; prudent (worshippers), withhold not at solemn ceremonies the portion of you who are mighty. 3.028.05 Be pleased, Agni, son of strength, with the cakes and butter offered at the third (daily sacrifice), and do you (propitiated) by praise convey the precious imperishable and awakening (oblation) to the immortal gods. [Awakening oblation: ja_gr.vim; the Soma is offered at dawn is termed ja_gr.vi, the sleep-dispelling, svapnaniva_rakah; but, the reference here is to the third or evening worship]. 3.028.06 Agni who is Ja_tavedas and is thriving upon oblations accept the cakes the butter as the day disappears.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: agni, 5 agni or r.tvij; chanda: tris.t.up, 1,4,10,12 anus.t.up, 6,11,14,15 jagati_

AStI/dm! A?ix/mNw?n/m! AiSt? à/jn?n< k«/tm! , @/ta< iv/ZpÆI/m! Aa -?ra/i¶m! m?Nwam pU/vRwa? . 3-029-01 A/r{yae/rœ inih?tae ja/tve?da/ g-R? #v/ suix?tae g/i-R[I?;u , id/ve-id?v/ $f(ae? jag&/viÑ?rœ h/iv:m?iÑrœ mnu/:yei-rœ A/i¶> . 3-029-02 %/Äa/naya/m! Av? -ra icik/Tvan! s/*> àvI?ta/ v&;?[< jjan , A/é/;StU?pae/ éz?dœ ASy/ paj/ #¦a?yas! pu/Çae v/yune? =jinò . 3-029-03 #¦a?yas! Tva p/de v/y< na-a? p&iw/Vya Aix? , jat?vedae/ in xI?m/ý! A¶e? h/Vyay/ vae¦œh?ve . 3-029-04 mNw?ta nr> k/ivm! AÖ?yNt/m! àce?tsm! A/m&t<? su/àtI?km! , y/}Sy? ke/tum! à?w/mm! pu/rSta?dœ A/i¶< n?rae jnyta su/zev?m! . 3-029-05 ydI/ mNw?iNt ba/÷i-/rœ iv rae?c/te =?ñae/ n va/Jy! Aé/;ae vne/:v! Aa , ic/Çae n yam?Ú! A/iñnae/rœ Ain?v&t>/ pir? v&[/®y! AZm?n/s! t&[a/ dh?n! . 3-029-06 ja/tae A/¶I rae?cte/ ceik?tanae va/jI ivà>? kivz/St> su/danu>? , y< de/vas/ $f(<? ivñ/ivd<? hVy/vah/m! Ad?xurœ AXv/re;u? . 3-029-07 sId? haet>/ Sv %? lae/ke ic?ik/Tvan! sa/dya? y/}< su?k«/tSy/ yaenaE? , de/va/vIrœ de/van! h/iv;a? yja/Sy! A¶e? b&/hdœ yj?mane/ vyae? xa> . 3-029-08 k«/[aet? xU/m< v&;?[< soa/yae =?öexNt #tn/ vaj/m! ACD? , A/ym! A/i¶> p&?tna/;aqœ su/vIrae/ yen? de/vasae/ As?hNt/ dSyU?n! . 3-029-09 A/y< te/ yaein?rœ \/iTvyae/ ytae? ja/tae Arae?cwa> , t< ja/nÚ! A?¶/ Aa sI/dawa? nae vxRya/ igr>? . 3-029-10 tnU/npa?dœ %Cyte/ g-R? Aasu/rae nra/z&ltsae? -vit/ ydœ iv/jay?te , ma/t/irña/ ydœ Aim?mIt ma/tir/ vat?Sy/ sgaˆR? A-v/t! srI?mi[ . 3-029-11 su/in/mRwa/ inmR?iwt> suin/xa inih?t> k/iv> , A¶e? SvXv/ra k«?[u de/van! de?vy/te y?j . 3-029-12 AjI?jnÚ! A/m&t/m! mTyaR?sae =öe/ma[<? t/ri[<? vI/¦uj?M-m! , dz/ Svsa?rae A/¢uv>? smI/cI> puma<?s< ja/tm! A/i- s< r?-Nte . 3-029-13 à s/Ýhae?ta sn/kadœ A?raect ma/turœ %/pSwe/ ydœ Azae?c/dœ ^x?in , n in im?;it su/r[ae? id/ve-id?ve/ ydœ Asu?rSy j/Qra/dœ Aja?yt . 3-029-14 A/im/Ça/yuxae? m/éta?m! #v à/ya> à?wm/ja äü?[ae/ ivñ/m! #dœ iv?Ê> , *u/çv/dœ äü? k…iz/kas/ @ir?r/ @k?-@kae/ dme? A/i¶< sm! $?ixre . 3-029-15 ydœ A/* Tva? ày/it y/}e A/iSmn! haet?z! icik/Tvae =?v&[ImhI/h , Øu/vm! A?ya Øu/vm! %/taz?imóa> àja/nn! iv/Öa%p? yaih/ saem?m! . 3-029-16 3.029.01 This, the apparatus of attrition is ready; the generation (of the flame) is ready; take up this (stick) the protectress of mankind, and let us churn the fire as has been done of old. [The apparatus of attrition is ready: asti_dam adhimanthanam = asti prajananam kr.tam: adhimanthana is the stick, the string and the like placed upon the two pieces of wood to assist in their attrition; prajananam = begetting; may also connote a tuft of dry grass used to catch and carry the flame]. 3.029.02 Ja_tavedas has been deposited in the two sticks as the embryo is deposited in pregnant women; Agni is to be adored day by day by vigilant men laden with oblations. 3.029.03 Let the intelligent priest place the lower of the sticks with the face upwards, the upper (with the surface) downwards, so that quickly impregnated it may generate the showerer (of benefits) Agni; then the bright blazing son of Il.a_ whose light dissipates the darkness is born of the wood of attrition. [Son of il.a_: the fire of the altar]. 3.029.04 Agni who is Ja_tavedas, we place you upon the earth in the centre, in the place of Il.a_, for the purpose of receiving the oblation. [Yajus. 34.14-15; in the place of il.a_: il.a_ya_spade na_bha_ pr.thivya_h adhi, i.e. in the middle of the northern altar; the hymn is also cited in Aitareya Bra_hman.a 1.5]. 3.029.05 Conductors of the rite, produce by attrition the far-seeing, single-minded, intelligent, immortal, radiant-limbed Agni; generate him, leaders (of the solemnity), in the first place the chief standard of the sacrifice, who is the source of felicity. 3.029.06 When they rub (the sticks) with their arms the radiant Agni bursts forth from the wood like a fleet courser, and like the many-coloured car of the As'vins unresisted in its course, Agni spreads wide around consuming stones and trees. 3.029.07 As soon as born Agni, shines intelligent, swift-moving, skilled in rites, praised by the wise, and liberal in gifts; (and it is he) whom the gods have held as the bearer of oblations at sacrifices, adorable and all-knowing. 3.029.08 Offerer of oblations sit down in your own sphere, for you are cognizant (of holy acts), and station the institutor of the ceremony in the chief place of the sacred rite; cherisher of the gods, worship the gods, Agni, and bestow abundant food on the founder of the sacrifice. [Yajus. 11.35; in your own sphere: sva u loke: uttaravedya_h na_bhau, on the centre of the north altar; or, alternatively, sukr.ta yonih = kr.s.na_jine, on the hide of the black antelope; in the chief place of the sacred rite: sa_daya_ yajn~am sukr.tasya yonau: yajn~a = yajama_na, yajn~asya karta_ram, who is to be stationed uttame loke, in the best place, or that which enjoys the fruit of the holy rite, sukr.tajanyopabhogasya stha_ne]. 3.029.09 Produce, friends, smoke, the showerer (of benefits); indefatigable persist in the contest with (Agni); the heroic Agni is able to encounter hosts, and by him the gods overcome their foes. [Produce smoke: kr.n.ota dhu_mam, produce fire,by metonymy]. 3.029.10 This in every season, Agni, is your place, whence, as soon as generated, you have ever shone; knowing that to be so, Agni, there abide, and thrive by our praises. [Yajurveda 3.14; your place: the allusion is to the aran.i, the stick of vetasa of as'vattha, or other trees; alternatively, may refer to ga_rhapatya or household fire; vardhaya_ girah = give us increase of riches]. 3.029.11 When (existing) as an embryo (in the wood), Agni is called Tanunapa_t; when he is generated (he is called) the asura-destroying nara_s'am,sa; when he has displayed (his energy) in the material firmament, Ma_taris'van; and the creation of the wind is in his rapid motion. [Tanu_napa_t = he who does not consume the persons of the worshippers, yas.t.r.na_m tanu_h, s'ari_ra_n.i nu pa_tayati, na dahati; or, it may refer to the grandson of the waters; ma_taris'van = who breathes, s'vasiti, in the material atmosphere ma_tari]. 3.029.12 Agni, who is pronounced by reverential attrition, and deposited with reverential care, and who are far-seeing, render our rites (exempt from defects), and worship the gods (on behalf) of the devout worshipper. 3.029.13 Mortals have begotten the immortals, the undecaying (Agni), the devourer of oblations, the conveyance (by which they cross over sin), the ten sister fingers intertwined proclaim him born as if it was a male (infant). [Proclaim him born: when the priests and assistants behold the flame break forth, they clap their hands and make sounds of rejoicing, like the parents of a new-born son]. 3.029.15 Agni, who has seven ministering priests, shines eternally; when he has blazed upon the bosom and lap of his mother (earth), he is vociferous (with delight); day by day he never slumbers after he is born from the interior of the (spark) emitting wood. 3.029.15 The Kus'ikas, the first-born of Brahma_, armed against enemies like the energies of the Maruts, comprehend the universe; they have uttered the prayer accompanied by the oblation; they have one by one lighted Agni in this dwelling. 3.029.16 Agni, offerer of oblations, cognizant of rites, inasmuch as we have recourse to you today in this progressing sacrifice, therefore do you steadily convey (the offering to the gods), or tranquilly be at rest, and knowing (the purport of our acts), and wise (in all respects), approach (and accept) the Soma.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

#/CDiNt? Tva sae/Myas>/ soa?y> su/NviNt/ saem</ dx?it/ àya<?is , itit?]Nte A/i-z?iSt</ jna?na/m! #NÔ/ Tvdœ Aa kz! c/n ih à?ke/t> . 3-030-01 n te? Ë/re p?r/ma ic/dœ rja</Sy! Aa tu à ya?ih hirvae/ hir?_yam! , iSw/ray/ v&:[e/ sv?na k«/tema yu/­a ¢ava?[> simxa/ne A/¶aE . 3-030-02 #NÔ>? su/izàae? m/"va/ té?Çae m/haìa?ts! tuivkª/imRrœ \"a?van! , ydœ %/¢ae xa ba?ix/tae mTyˆR?;u/ Kv Tya te? v&;- vI/yaRi[ . 3-030-03 Tv< ih :ma? Cya/vy/Ú! ACyu?ta/Ny! @kae? v&/Ça cr?is/ ij¹?man> , tv/ *ava?p&iw/vI pvR?ta/sae =?nu ì/tay/ inim?tev tSwu> . 3-030-04 %/ta-?ye puéøt/ ïvae?i-/rœ @kae? †/¦œhm! A?vdae v&Ç/ha sn! , #/me ic?dœ #NÔ/ raed?sI Apa/re yt! s<?g&/_[a m?"vn! ka/izrœ #t! te? . 3-030-05 à sU t? #NÔ à/vta/ hir?_ya/m! à te/ v¿>? àm&/[Ú! @?tu/ zÇU?n! , j/ih à?tI/cae A?nU/c> pra?cae/ ivñ<? s/Ty< k«?[uih iv/òm! A?Stu . 3-030-06 ySmE/ xayu/rœ Ad?xa/ mTyaR/ya-?­< icdœ -jte ge/ý< s> , -/Ôa t? #NÔ sum/itrœ "&/tacI? s/hö?dana puéøt ra/it> . 3-030-07 s/hda?num! puéøt i]/yNt?m! Ah/Stm! #?NÔ/ sm! ip?[/kœ k…[a?ém! , A/i- v&/Ç< vxR?man/m! ipya?ém! A/pad?m! #NÔ t/vsa? j"Nw . 3-030-08 in sa?m/nam! #?i;/ram! #?NÔ/ -Uim?m! m/hIm! A?pa/r¡ sd?ne ssTw , ASt?åa/dœ *a< v&?;/-ae A/Ntir?]/m! A;R/NTv! Aap/s! Tvye/h àsU?ta> . 3-030-09 A/la/t&/[ae v/l #?NÔ ì/jae gae> pu/ra hNtae/rœ -y?manae/ Vy! Aar , su/gan! p/wae A?k«[aen! in/rje/ ga> àav/n! va[I>? puéø/t< xm?NtI> . 3-030-10 @kae/ Öe vsu?mtI smI/cI #NÔ/ Aa p?àaE p&iw/vIm! %/t *am! , %/taNtir?]adœ A/i- n>? smI/k #/;ae r/wI> s/yuj>? zUr/ vaja?n! . 3-030-11 idz>/ sUyaˆR/ n im?nait/ àid?òa id/ve-id?ve/ hyR?ñàsUta> , s< ydœ Aan/¦œ AXv?n/ Aadœ #dœ AñE?rœ iv/maec?n< k«[ute/ tt! Tv! ASy . 3-030-12 id†?]Nt %/;sae/ yam?Ú! A/­aerœ iv/vSv?Tya/ mih? ic/Çm! AnI?km! , ivñe? janiNt mih/na ydœ Aaga/dœ #NÔ?Sy/ kmR/ suk«?ta pu/êi[? . 3-030-13 mih/ Jyaeit/rœ inih?t< v/][a?Sv! Aa/ma p/Kv< c?rit/ ibæ?tI/ gaE> , ivñ</ SvaÒ/ sM-&?tm! %/iöya?ya</ yt! sI/m! #NÔae/ Ad?xa/dœ -aej?nay . 3-030-14 #NÔ/ †ý? yamkae/za A?-Uvn! y/}ay? iz] g&[/te sio?_y> , Ê/maR/yvae? Ê/reva/ mTyaR?sae in;/i¼[ae? ir/pvae/ hNTva?s> . 3-030-15 s< "ae;>? z&{ve =v/mErœ A/imÇE?rœ j/hI Ny! @:v! A/zin</ tip?óam! , v&/íem! A/xSta/dœ iv é?ja/ sh?Sv j/ih r]ae? m"vn! r/Nxy?Sv . 3-030-16 %dœ v&?h/ r]>? s/hmU?lm! #NÔ v&/ía mXy/m! àTy! A¢<? z&[Iih , Aa kIv?t> sl/lUk<? ckwR äü/iÖ;e/ tpu?i;< he/itm! A?Sy . 3-030-17 Sv/Stye? va/iji-?z! c à[et>/ s< yn! m/hIrœ #;? Aa/siTs? pU/vI> , ra/yae v/Ntarae? b&h/t> Sya?ma/Sme A?Stu/ -g? #NÔ à/java?n! . 3-030-18 Aa nae? -r/ -g?m! #NÔ *u/mNt</ in te? de/:[Sy? xImih àre/ke , ^/vR #?v pàwe/ kamae? A/Sme tm! Aa p&?[ vsupte/ vsU?nam! . 3-030-19 #/m< kam?m! mNdya/ gaei-/rœ AñE?z! c/NÔv?ta/ rax?sa p/àw?z! c , Sv/yRvae? m/iti-/s! tu_y</ ivàa/ #NÔa?y/ vah>? k…iz/kasae? A³n! . 3-030-20 Aa nae? gae/Ça d?Ô�#Rih gaepte/ ga> sm! A/Sm_y<? s/nyae? yNtu/ vaja>? , id/v]a? Ais v&;- s/Tyzu?:mae =/Sm_y</ su m?"vn! baeix gae/da> . 3-030-21 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-030-22 3.030.01 The bearers of the libations desire you; your friends pour forth the Soma; they offer copious oblations; (supported by) you they endure patiently the calumny of men, for who is so renowned as you are. 3.030.02 Master of tawny steeds, the remotest regions are not remote for you; then come quickly with your horses; to you the steady showerer (of benefits), these sacrifices are presented; the stones (for bruising the Soma) are ready, as the fire is being kindled. 3.030.03 Showerer (of benefits), who are Indra, the wearer of the helmet, the professor of opulence, the conveyor (of men beyond the evil), the leader of the numerous troops (of the Maruts), the achiever of many great deeds, the devastation of hostile (regions), the terror of your foes, where are those heroic deeds (which you have performed) against the mortal (asuras) when opposed (by them in battle). [The wearer of the helmet: su'sipra = having a handsome nose, or chin (Nirukta 6.17); now a new meaning is given: s'iras stra_n.am = a guard of the head, a helmet; the conveyor of men beyond evil: tarutra = he by whom the gods surpass or defeat the asuras]. 3.030.04 You alone casting down the firmly-footed (asuras) proceed, destroying the Vr.tras, and obedient to your command the heaven and earth and the mountains stood as if immoveable. 3.030.05 You alone, when invoked by many, and the slayer of Vr.tra, by your prowess, did say firmly (to the gods), fear not! Indra, endowed with opulence, vast is your grasp, wherewith you have seized these unbounded regions, heaven and earth. 3.030.06 Let (your car), Indra, drawn by your horses (rush) downwards (upon the asuras); let your destroying thunder-bolt fall upon your enemies; slay those that assail in front or in rear, or that fly (from the combat); make the universe (the abode of) truth; (let such power) be concentrated in you. 3.030.07 The man to whom you grant, lord of power, (your good-will), enjoys unprecedented domestic (prosperity); Indra, who are invoked by many, your auspicous favour, which is obtained by oblations, is the giver of unbounded wealth. [Which is obtained by oblation: sumatirghr.ta_ci_ = that which goes to or obtains clarified butter, havir an~cati, pra_pnoti]. 3.030.08 Indra, who is invoked by many, grind to dust the reviling malevolent Vr.tra opposing you, dwelling with the mother of the Da_navas, and increasing in might, until having deprived him of hand and foot, you have destroyed him by your strength. [Yajus. 18.69; having deprived him of hand: sahada_num ks.iyantam sampin.ak kun.a_rum: the allegory is the destruction of the cloud; or, it may mean, united with the da_navas; sahau = sahas, strength; ks.iyantam = badhama_nam, rain opposing; or, nikat.avartama_nam, being near to; kun.a_ru = either a proper name of an asura, a noisy one, kvan.anas'i_lam, or evil speaking, durvacavadanam; or, parikavan.ana, loud-sounding; anothe rinterpretation: crush the increasing cloud shedding water, sahada_num udakada_napetam; abiding in the sky, ks.iyantam a_ka_s'e nivasantam; and thundering, kun.a_rum = garjantam]. 3.030.09 You have fixed tranquil in its position the vast unbounded and wandering earth; the showerer (of benefits) has upheld the heaven and the firmament; let the waters engendered by you here descend. 3.030.10 The heavy cloud, the receptacle of water, dreading you its destroyer, opened out before (you had cast your bolt); then Indra made easily-traversed paths for the waters to issue, and desirable and loud sounding they proceeded to the (waters of the earth) invoked of many. [Heavy cloud: ala_tr.n.o valah = a cloud, that which by its abundance of water, is able to do mischief; cf. Nirukta 6.2; desirable and loud-sounding: pra_van puruhu_tam, va_n.irdhamanti_h = vanani_yah 'sabda_yama_na_s-ta_ a_pah puruhu_tam bahubhira_hu_tam pa_rthivam udakam abhyagacchan; dhamanti_h = dhamatirgatikarma_ (Nirukta 6.2)]. 3.030.11 Indra alone has filled the two,both earth and heaven mutually combined, and abounding with wealth; do you hero, mounted in your car, come with your harnessed horses from the firmament, impatient to be near us. 3.030.12 Su_rya harms not the quarters (of the horizon), set open daily (for his journey), the progeny of Haryas'va; when he has traversed the roads (he is to travel), then he lets loose his horses, for such is his office. [Harms not the quarters: dis'ah su_ryo na mina_ti na him.sati = he does not injure; haryas'va = Indra, or he with the tawny horses]. 3.030.13 Al,l me are anxious to behold the great and variegated host (of the solar rays) at the issuing of the dawn after the night has been displaced; and when the morning has come, they recognize the many great and glorious acts of Indra. 3.030.14 A great light has been shed upon the rivers; the cow yet immature grazes, charged with the ripe (milk), for Indra has placed in the cow all this collected sweetness for food. 3.030.15 Indra, be firm, for there are obstructors of your path; secure to the worshipper and his friends (the means of completing) the sacrifice; mortal enemies bearing bows, armed with mischievous weapons, and coming with evil intent, must be destroyed (by you). [Mortal enemies: martya_sah = ma_rayita_rah, killers, murderers]. 3.030.16 The sound (of your bolt) has been heard by the approaching foes; hurl upon them the consuming thunder-bolt, cut them up by the root, oppose; Maghavan, overcome, slay the ra_ks.asas, complete (the sacrifice). 3.030.17 Pluck the ra_ks.asas, Indra, by the root; cut as under the middle, blight the summit; to whatever remote (regions) you have driven the sinner, cast upon the enemy of the Veda your consuming weapon. [The enemy of the Veda: brahmadvis.e = brahman.adves.aka_rin.e, or him who entertains hatred against the Brahman; but, brahma may mean the prayer of the Vedas, or the Vedas, or perhaps, the religion or ritual of the followers of the Veda]. 3.030.18 Regulator (of the world, provide us) with horses for our welfare, and when you are seated near to us may we become mighty, enjoying abundant food, and ample riches, and may there be to us wealth accompanied by progeny. 3.030.19 Bring to us, Indra, splendid affluence; we rely on the bounty of you who are fond of giving; our desire is as insatiable as the fire of the ocean; appease it, lord of infinite riches. 3.030.20 Gratify this our desire (of wealth) with cows, with horses, with shining treasure, and make us renowned; the wise Kus'ikas, desirous of heaven, offer praise to you Indra, with pious (prayers). 3.030.21 Indra, lord of cattle, (divide the clouds and send us) rain, whence nutritious food may come to us; showerer (of benefits), you are spread through the sky, and powerful through truth; Maghavan, consider yourself as our protector. 3.030.22 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra distinguished in this combat; the leader in the food-bestowing (strife), hearing (our praises), terrible in battles the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: kus'ika ais.i_rathi or vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

zas/dœ viû?rœ Êih/turœ n/Þy< gadœ iv/Öa\/tSy/ dIix?it< sp/yRn! , ip/ta yÇ? Êih/tu> sek?m! \/Ãn! s< z/GMyen/ mn?sa dx/Nve . 3-031-01 n ja/mye/ taNvae? ir/Kwm! Aa?rEkœ c/kar/ g-¡? sin/turœ in/xan?m! , ydI? ma/trae? j/ny?Nt/ viû?m! A/Ny> k/taR su/k«tae?rœ A/Ny \/Nxn! . 3-031-02 A/i¶rœ j?}e ju/þa rej?manae m/hs! pu/ÇaA?é/;Sy? à/y]e? , m/han! g-aˆR/ mý! Aa ja/tm! @?;am! m/hI à/v&dœ xyR?ñSy y/}E> . 3-031-03 A/i- jEÇI?rœ AscNt Sp&xa/nm! mih/ Jyaeit/s! tm?sae/ inrœ A?jann! , t< ja?n/tI> àTy! %dœ Aa?yÚ! %/;as>/ pit/rœ gva?m! A-v/dœ @k/ #NÔ>? . 3-031-04 vI/¦aE s/tIrœ A/i- xIra? At&Ndn! àa/caih?Nv/n! mn?sa s/Ý ivàa>? , ivña?m! AivNdn! p/Wyam! \/tSy? àja/nÚ! #t! ta nm/sa iv?vez . 3-031-05 iv/ddœ ydI? s/rma? é/G[m! AÔe/rœ mih/ paw>? pU/Vy¡ s/Ø(kœ k> , A¢<? nyt! su/p*! A]?ra[a/m! ACDa/ rv?m! àw/ma ja?n/tI ga?t! . 3-031-06 Ag?CDdœ %/ ivà?tm> soI/yÚ! AsU?dyt! su/k«te/ g-R/m! AiÔ>? , s/san/ myaˆR/ yuv?i-rœ mo/SyÚ! Awa?-v/dœ Ai¼?ra> s/*ae AcR?n! . 3-031-07 s/t>-s?t> àit/man?m! purae/-Urœ ivña? ved/ jin?ma/ hiNt/ zu:[?m! , à [ae? id/v> p?d/vIrœ g/Vyurœ AcR/n! soa/ soI?AmuÂ/n! inrœ A?v/*at! . 3-031-08 in g?Vy/ta mn?sa seÊrœ A/k‰R> k«?{va/nasae? Am&t/Tvay? ga/tum! , #/d< ic/n! nu sd?n/m! -Uy!rœ @?;a</ yen/ masa/Ais?;asÚ! \/ten? . 3-031-09 s/MpZy?mana AmdÚ! A/i- Svm! py>? à/ÆSy/ ret?sae/ Ê"a?na> , iv raed?sI Atp/dœ "ae;? @;a< ja/te in/óam! Ad?xu/rœ gae;u? vI/ran! . 3-031-10 s ja/tei-?rœ v&Ç/ha sedœ %? h/VyErœ %dœ %/iöya? As&j/dœ #NÔae? A/k‰R> , %/ê/Cy! ASmE "&/tv/dœ -r?NtI/ mxu/ SvaÒ? ÊÊhe/ jeNya/ gaE> . 3-031-11 ip/Çe ic?c! c³…>/ sd?n</ sm! A?SmE/ mih/ iTv;I?mt! su/k«tae/ iv ih Oyn! , iv/:k/åNt/ SkM-?nena/ jin?ÇI/ AasI?na ^/Xv¡ r?-/s< iv im?Nvn! . 3-031-12 m/hI yid? ix/;[a? iz/îwe/ xat! s?*ae/v&x<? iv/_v< raed?Syae> , igrae/ yiSm?Ú! Anv/*a> s?mI/cIrœ ivña/ #NÔa?y/ tiv?;I/rœ Anu?Äa> . 3-031-13 mý! Aa te? s/Oy< v?iZm z/­Irœ Aa v&?Ç/¹e in/yutae? yiNt pU/vI> , mih? Stae/Çm! Av/ Aag?Nm sU/rerœ A/Smak</ su m?"vn! baeix gae/pa> . 3-031-14 mih/ ]eÇ?m! pu/é í/NÔ< iv?iv/Öan! Aadœ #t! sio?_yz! c/r¡/ sm! @e?rt! , #NÔae/ n&i-?rœ Ajn/dœ dI*a?n> sa/k< sUyR?m! %/;s<? ga/tum! A/i¶m! . 3-031-15 A/pz! ic?dœ @/; iv/_vae dmU?na>/ à s/ØIcI?rœ As&jdœ iv/ñí?NÔa> , mXv>? puna/na> k/ivi->? p/ivÇE/rœ *ui-?rœ ihNvNTy! A/­…i-/rœ xnu?ÇI> . 3-031-16 Anu? k«/:[e vsu?ixtI ijhate %/-e sUyR?Sy m</hna/ yj?Çe , pir/ yt! te? mih/man<? v&/jXyE/ soa?y #NÔ/ kaMya? \ij/Pya> . 3-031-17 pit?rœ -v v&Çhn! sU/n&ta?na< ig/r¡ iv/ñayu?rœ v&;/-ae v?yae/xa> , Aa nae? gih s/Oyei->? iz/vei-?rœ m/han! m/hIi-?rœ ^/iti->? sr/{yn! . 3-031-18 tm! A?i¼r/Svn! nm?sa sp/yRn! nVy<? k«[aeim/ sNy?se pura/jam! , Ô‚hae/ iv ya?ih b÷/la Ade?vI>/ Svz! c nae m"vn! sa/tye? xa> . 3-031-19 imh>? pav/ka> àt?ta A-Uvn! Sv/iSt n>? ipp&ih pa/rm! Aa?sam! , #NÔ/ Tv< r?iw/r> pa?ih nae ir/;ae m/]U-m?]U k«[uih gae/ijtae? n> . 3-031-20 Ade?idò v&Ç/ha gaep?it/rœ ga A/Nt> k«/:[aA?é/;Erœ xam?i-rœ gat! , à sU/n&ta? id/zma?n \/ten/ Êr?z! c/ ivña? Av&[ae/dœ Ap/ Sva> . 3-031-21 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-031-22 3.031.01 The sonless father, regulating (the contract), refers to his grandson, (the son) of his daughter, and relying on the efficiency of the rite, honours (his son-in-law) with valuable gifts; the father, trusting to the impregnation of the daughter, supports himself with a tranquil mind. [The sonless father: s'a_sadvahnih; the latter is said to be the father of a daughter only, not of a son, because he conveys away (vahati, pra_payati) his property through his married daughter into another family; s'a_sad, s'a_sti, he stipulates, that this daughter's son, his grandson, duhitur naptyam, shall be his son, a mode of affiliation recognized by law; and relying on an heir thus obtained, and one who can perform his funeral rites, he is satisfied]. 3.031.02 (A son) born of the body, does not transfer (paternal) wealth to a sister; he has made (her) the recptacle of the embryo of the husband; if the parents procreate children (of either sex), one is the performer of holy acts, the other is to be enriched (with gifts). [Born of the body: ta_nvah = tanujah na ja_maye riktham a_raik, if there be a son the inheritance does not go to the sister, ja_maye, bhaginyai; he has made her the receptacle: and by so doing he makes her sanskr.ta-- he secures for her one of the essential purificatory rites; if the parents procreate children: yadi ma_taro janayanti vahnim: vahni = offspring, or male offspring, a son; avahni = a daughter; one, the son, the performer of obsequial and other rites, is the heir, while the other is rindhan, ridhyama_na, to be increased or made wealthy, with dresses, ornaments and the like; cf. Nirukta 3.4-6]. 3.031.03 For the worship of the resplendent (Indra), Agni, glowing with flame, has begotten mighty sons; great was the germ, and great was their birth, and great was their efficacy, for the worship of Haryas'va. 3.031.04 The victorious (Maruts) associated (with Indra when contending with Vr.tra) perceived a great light issuing from the darkness. The dawns recognizing him (as the sun) arose, and Indra was the sole sovereign of the rays (of light). 3.031.05 The seven intelligent ages (the an:girasas) having ascertained that (the cows) were concealed in the strong (cavern), propitiated (Indra) by mental devotion; they recovered them all by the path of sacrifice; for Indra, knowing (their pious acts), and offering them homage, entered (the cave). 3.031.06 When Sarama_ discovered the broken (entrance) of the mountain, then Indra made great and ample (provision) for her young, as previously (promised); then the sure-footed (animal), forest recognizing their lowing, proceeded, and came to the presence of the imperishable kine. [yajus. 33.59; sarama_ = va_k, speech, that in which the gods saharamante, delight together]. 3.031.07 The most sage (Indra), desirous of the friendship of the (an:girasas), went to the cave, and the mountain yielded its contents to the valiant (deity), aided by the youthful Maruts, equally wishing (to conciliate the sages); the destroyer (of the asuras) recovered (the cattle), and immediately an:girasas became his worshipper. 3.031.08 May he who is the type of all that is excellent the anticipator (of his foes), he who knows all that is born, who destroys S'us.n.a, the far-seeing, the restorer of cattle may he, a friend coming from heaven, honouring us as his friends, be free from all reproach. [Far-seeing: padavi_h, kavitama, most wise or far-seeing as to the past, from pada, on object, and vih, who knows; may he be free from all reproach: mun~canniravadya_t: always, nitara_m, be free, mun~catu-- from such a fault as that of the nature of the death of Vr.tra: vr.travadharu_pa_d dos.a_t; the paura_n.ika notion is that Vr.tra was a brahman, and by killing him, Indra was guilty of the heinous sin of brahmahatya_]. 3.031.09 The an:girasas, with minds intent on their cattle, (sat down to worshipIndra) with hymns, following the road to immortality; great was their perseverance by which they sought for months to accomplish (their ends). 3.031.10 Contemplating their own (cattle) giving milk to their former progeny (the an:girasas) were delighted; their shouts spread through heaven and earth; they replaced the recovered kine in their places, and stationed guards over the cows. 3.031.11 Indra, the slayer of Vr.tra,let loose the milch kine, assisted by the Maruts, born for his aid, and entitled to praises and oblations, and the excellent (cows) contributing abundantly to sacred offerings, and yielding the butter of libation, milked for him sweet (sacrificial) food. 3.031.12 They (the an:girasas) performing pious acts made for their protector a spacious and splendid abode which they celebrated; seated (at the sacrifice) and supporting with the pillar (of the firmament) the parents (of all things heaven and earth), they established the rapid Indra on high (in heaven). 3.031.13 Inasmuch as our devout praise has appointed a thiriving ruler for the regulation of heaven and earth, to whom faultless and appropriate commendations (are due), therefore are all the energies of Indra spontaneously exerted. 3.031.14 I wish, Indra, for your friendship, and (the exercise of) your powers;many heroes come to the slayer of Vr.tra; we offer to you, sage, great praise and oblations; consider yourself, Maghavan, as our protector. 3.031.15 Wide fields, vast treasure, (spacious) pastures has the much-knowing (Indra) bestowed upon his friends; the radiant Indra with the leaders (of rites, the Maruts) generated the sun, the dawn, the earth and fire. 3.031.16 This lowly-minded Indra has created the wide-spread, commingled, all-delighting waters; and they, purifying the sweet (libations) with the sage purifiers, and being benevolent (to all), proceed with (the revolutions) of days and nights. [With the sage purifiers: kavibhih pavitraih = the sages, who are as it were with the filters or purifiers of the soma, are the divinities: agni, va_yu and su_rya; proceed with days and nights: dyubhir-hinvantyuktabhih = they go with days and nights, i.e. they regulate by day and night the respective functions of all the world: ra_tridivam saravam jagat sva svavya_parapravanam kurvanti, they make the whole world diligent in its respective functions by night and day]. 3.031.17 The two adorable (alternations of) day and night, upholding (all things) by the might of the sun, successively revolve; your sincere and acceptable friends (the Maruts) are ready to encounter (your foes) and maintain your greatness. [Day and night: the text has ubhe kr.s.n.e = both the blacks, i.e. ahora_tre, day and night; by the might of the sun: su_ryasya mam.hana_: su_rya = Indra, the impeller, preraka, of the world]. 3.031.18 Slayer of Vr.tra, do you, who is long lived the showerer (of benefits), the giver of food, be the lord of our true praises, repairing (to the sacrifice), come to us great, with great, friendly, and auspicious protections. 3.031.19 Worshipping him with reverence, like an an:giras, I make the ancient (Indra) renovate to accept the oblation; destroy the many impious oppressors (of your worshippers) and bestow upon us, Maghavan, yours own (wealth) for our acceptance. 3.031.20 You purifying water have been spread abroad; fill their beds for our welfare; riding on the car, defend us from the malevolent, and make us quickly the conquerors of cattle. 3.031.21 Indra, the slayer of Vr.tra, the lord of herds, has discovered the cattle, and by his radiant effulgence driven away the black (asuras), and indicating with veracity (to the an:girasas) the honest (kine), he shut the gate uon all their own cattle. [He shut the gate upon all: duras'ca vis'va_ av.r.n.od apa sva_h = having placed the cattle in the cow-pens, he covered or closed the doors, vraje ga_h stha_payitva_ ta_ni dva_ra_ny accha_ditava_n]. 3.031.22 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra, distinguished in this combat, the leader in the food-bestowing (strife), hearing (our praise), terriblein battles, the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

#NÔ/ saem<? saempte/ ipbe/mm! maXy<?idn</ sv?n</ caé/ yt! te? , à/àuWya/ izàe? m"vÚ! \jIi;n! iv/muCya/ hrI? #/h ma?dySv . 3-032-01 gva?izrm! m/iNwn?m! #NÔ zu/³m! ipba/ saem<? rir/ma te/ mda?y , ä/ü/k«ta/ maé?tena g/[en? s/jae;a? é/ÔEs! t&/pdœ Aa v&?;Sv . 3-032-02 ye te/ zu:m</ ye tiv?;I/m! Av?xR/Ú! AcR?Nt #NÔ m/ét?s! t/ Aaej>? , maXy<?idne/ sv?ne v¿hSt/ ipba? é/Ôei->/ sg?[> suizà . 3-032-03 t #n! Nv! ASy/ mxu?mdœ ivivà/ #NÔ?Sy/ zxaˆR? m/étae/ y Aas?n! , yei-?rœ v&/ÇSye?i;/tae iv/veda?m/mR[ae/ mNy?manSy/ mmR? . 3-032-04 m/nu/:vdœ #?NÔ/ sv?n< ju;a/[> ipba/ saem</ zñ?te vI/yaRy , s Aa v?v&TSv hyRñ y/}E> s?r/{yui-?rœ A/pae A[aR? issi;R . 3-032-05 Tvm! A/pae ydœ x? v&/Ç< j?"/NvaATya?#v/ àas&?j>/ stR/vajaE , zya?nm! #NÔ/ cr?ta v/xen? viì/va&lts/m! pir? de/vIrœ Ade?vm! . 3-032-06 yja?m/ #n! nm?sa v&/Ïm! #NÔ?m! b&/hNt?m! \/:vm! A/jr</ yuva?nm! , ySy? ià/ye m/mtu?rœ y/i}y?Sy/ n raed?sI mih/man?m! m/mate? . 3-032-07 #NÔ?Sy/ kmR/ suk«?ta pu/êi[? ì/tain? de/va n im?niNt/ ivñe? , da/xar/ y> p&?iw/vI *am! %/tema< j/jan/ sUyR?m! %/;s<? su/d&ltsa>? . 3-032-08 AÔae?" s/Ty< tv/ tn! m?ih/Tv< s/*ae yj! ja/tae Aip?bae h/ saem?m! , n *av? #NÔ t/vs?s! t/ Aaejae/ naha/ n masa>? z/rdae? vrNt . 3-032-09 Tv< s/*ae A?ipbae ja/t #?NÔ/ mda?y/ saem?m! pr/me Vyaemn! , ydœ x/ *ava?p&iw/vI Aaiv?vezI/rœ Awa?-v> pU/VyR> ka/éxa?ya> . 3-032-10 Ah/Ú! Aih?m! pir/zya?n/m! A[R? Aaeja/yma?n< tuivjat/ tVya?n! , n te? mih/Tvm! Anu? -U/dœ Ax/ *aErœ ydœ A/Nyya? iS)/Gya ]am! Av?Swa> . 3-032-11 y/}ae ih t? #NÔ/ vxR?nae/ -Udœ %/t ià/y> su/tsae?mae im/yex>? , y/}en? y/}m! A?v y/i}y>/ sn! y/}s! te/ v¿?m! Aih/hTy? Aavt! . 3-032-12 y/}eneNÔ/m! Av/sa c?³e A/vaRg! @en<? su/çay/ nVy?se vv&Tyam! , y Staeme?i-rœ vav&/xe pU/VyˆRi-/rœ yae m?Xy/mei-?rœ %/t nUt?nei-> . 3-032-13 iv/ve;/ yn! ma? ix/;[a? j/jan/ StvE? pu/ra payaR/dœ #NÔ/m! Aû>? , A&lth?sae/ yÇ? pI/pr/dœ ywa? nae na/vev/ yaNt?m! %/-ye? hvNte . 3-032-14 AapU?[aˆR ASy k/lz>/ Svaha/ se­e?v/ kaez<? isisce/ ipb?XyE , sm! %? ià/ya Aav?v&Ç/n! mda?y àdi]/i[dœ A/i- saema?s/ #NÔ?m! . 3-032-15 n Tva? g-I/r> pu?éøt/ isNxu/rœ naÔ?y>/ pir/ ;Ntae? vrNt , #/Twa sio?_y #i;/tae ydœ #/NÔa †/¦œh< ic/dœ Aé?jae/ gVy?m! ^/vRm! . 3-032-16 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-032-17 3.032.01 Indra, lord of the Soma, drink this Soma which is grateful to you at noon-day sacrifice, Maghavan, partake of the spiritless Soma, unyoke your horses, and filling their jaws (with fodder), exhilarate them at this ceremony. [Spiritless soma: r.jis.in, possessing r.jis.am, gatasa_ram somam, soma having lost its strength]. 3.032.02 Indra, drink the Soma mixed with milk, with butter-milk, or fresh; we offer it for your exhilaration, associated with the devout company of the Maruts and the Rudras; drink it till you are satisfied. [Mixed with milk: gavas'iram, manthinam, s'ukram: manthinam = manthasam.yuktam, mixed with butter-milk; s'ukram = abhinavan, new or fresh; or, the terms may mean s'ukramanthigrahe vartama_nam, being in the vessel of acid butter-milk; devout: brahmakr.ta_ = indrastotram kurva_n.ena, making the praise of Indra]. 3.032.03 These are the Maruts, Indra, who, worshipping your prowess, augment your withering force (by their aid); attended by the Rudras, drink, wielder of the thunder-bolt, and handsome-chinned, at the noon-day sacrifice. 3.032.04 Those were the Maruts who were the strength of Indra, and gently encouraged him; animated by whom he pierced the vital part of Vr.tra, fancying himself vulnerable. 3.032.05 Phased with the sacrifice, as if it was that of Manu, drink, Indra, the Soma, for the sake of perpetual vigour; come, lord of the tawny steeds, with the adorable Maruts, and with the traversers (of the air); send down the waters (of the firmament) to (blend with) the waters of the earth. [Send down the waters: apo arn.a_ sisar.si = antariks.asthita_n yudaka_ni pa_rthiva_n yudaka_ni, pra_paya, cause the waters staying in mid-air to reach, or become those of, earth]. 3.032.06 Inasmuch as you have slain with active strife the slumbering, darking, water-investing Vr.tra, you have let forth the bright waters like horses (rushing) into battle. 3.032.07 Therefore we sacrifice with reverence to the vast and mighty Indra, who is adorable, undecaying, young; whose magnitude the unbounded heaven and earth have not measures, nor can measure. 3.032.08 All the gods cannot detract from the many glorious exploits, and pious works of Indra; he who has upheld earth, and heaven, and the firmament, and who, the performer of great deeds, has engendered the sun and the dawn. 3.032.09 Doer of no wrong, such was your true greatness, that as soon as born, you have quaffed the Soma; neither the heavens, nor days, nor months, nor years, resist the force of you who is mighty. 3.032.10 As soon as born in the highest heaven, you have quaffed, Indra, the Soma for your exhilaration; and when you had pervaded the heaven and earth, you became the primary artificer (of creation). 3.032.11 Indra, from whom many are born; you who is vigorous have slain Ahi, enveloping the slumbering water and confiding in his prowess; yet the heaven apprehended not your greatness as you remained concealing the earth by on eof your flames. [As you remained concealing: anyaya_ sphigya_ ks.a_m avastha_ = ekataraya_ kat.ya_ bhu_mim avaccha_dya tis.t.hasi]. 3.032.12 This our sacrifice, Indra, is your augmentation, for the rite in which the Soma is effused is acceptable to you do you who is deserving of worship protect the worshipper by (the efficacy of) the worship, and may this sacrifice strengthen your thunderbolt for the slaying of Ahi. 3.032.13 The worshipper, by his conservatory sacrifice, has made Indra present; may Ibring him to my presence to obtain new wealth, him who has been exalted by praise, whether ancient, medieval, or recent. 3.032.14 When the thought of glorifying Indra entered my mind, then I gave birth (to his praises); may I laud him before encountering distant (evil) days, whereby he may guide us beyond sin; for those on both sides of us invoke him, as (those on either bank of a river hail) a passenger in a boat. 3.032.15 The vase is filled for him (with Soma); welcome Indra; I pour it out for you to drink, as a water-carrier (pours water) from his bag; may the grateful Soma flow in reverence round Indra for his exhilaration. 3.032.16 Invoked of many, the deep ocean arrests you not, nor do the accompanying mountains (stay you); and therefore, summoned by your friends, you have repressed the strong flame abiding in the abyss. [You have repressed the strong flame: dr.l.ham cid arujo gavyam u_rvam = prabalam api avate vartama_nam u_rva_nalam samyagabha_n:ks.i_h, you have entirely broken the strong (u_rva) fire abiding in the deep]. 3.032.17 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra, distinguished in this combat, the leader in the food-bestowing (strife), hearing (our praises), terrible in battles, the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; 4,6,8,10 nadya: (r.s.ika_); devata_: nadya, 4,8,10 vis'va_mitra, 6,7 indra; chanda: tris.t.up, 13 anus.t.up

à pvR?tanam! %z/tI %/pSwa/dœ Añe? #v/ ivi;?te/ has?mane , gave?v zu/æe ma/tra? irha/[e ivpa?qœ Dutu/ÔI py?sa jvete . 3-033-01 #NÔe?i;te às/vm! i-]?ma[e/ ACDa? smu/Ô< r/Wyev yaw> , s/ma/ra/[e ^/imRi->/ ipNv?mane A/Nya va?m! A/Nyam! APy! @?it zuæe . 3-033-02 ACDa/ isNxu?m! ma/t&t?mam! Ayas</ ivpa?zm! %/vI< su/-ga?m! AgNm , v/Tsm! #?v ma/tra? s&ltirha/[e s?ma/n< yaein/m! Anu? s</cr?NtI . 3-033-03 @/na v/ym! py?sa/ ipNv?mana/ Anu/ yaein<? de/vk«?t</ cr?NtI> , n vtR?ve às/v> sgR?t­> ik</yurœ ivàae? n/*ae jaehvIit . 3-033-04 rm?Xvm! me/ vc?se sae/Myay/ \ta?vrI/rœ %p? muø/tRm! @vE>? , à isNxu/m! ACDa? b&h/tI m?nI/;av/Syurœ A?þe k…iz/kSy? sU/nu> . 3-033-05 #NÔae? A/SmaA?rd/dœ v¿?ba÷/rœ Apa?hn! v&/Çm! p?ir/ix< n/dIna?m! , de/vae =nyt! siv/ta su?pa/i[s! tSy? v/ym! à?s/ve ya?m %/vI> . 3-033-06 à/vaCy<? zñ/xa vI/y¡ tdœ #NÔ?Sy/ kmR/ ydœ Aih<? ivv&/ít! , iv v¿e?[ pir/;dae? j"a/nay/Ú! Aapae =?ynm! #/CDma?na> . 3-033-07 @/tdœ vcae? jirt/rœ maip? m&óa/ Aa yt! te/ "ae;a/n! %Ä?ra yu/gain? , %/Kwe;u? karae/ àit? nae ju;Sv/ ma nae/ in k>? pué;/Ça nm?s! te . 3-033-08 Aae ;u Sv?sar> ka/rve? z&[aet y/yaE vae? Ë/radœ An?sa/ rwe?n , in ;U n?mXv/m! -v?ta supa/ra A?xae/]a> is?Nxv> öae/Tyai->? . 3-033-09 Aa te? karae z&[vama/ vca<?is y/yaw? Ë/radœ An?sa/ rwe?n , in te? n&ltsE pIPya/nev/ yae;a/ myaR?yev k/Nya zñ/cE te? . 3-033-10 ydœ A/¼ Tva? -r/ta> s</tre?yurœ g/Vyn! ¢am? #i;/t #NÔ?jUt> , A;aR/dœ Ah? às/v> sgR?t­/ Aa vae? v&[e sum/it< y/i}ya?nam! . 3-033-11 Ata?ir;urœ -r/ta g/Vyv>/ sm! A-?­/ ivà>? sum/it< n/dIna?m! , à ip?NvXvm! #/;y?NtI> su/raxa/ Aa v/][a>? p&/[Xv<? ya/t zI-?m! . 3-033-12 %dœ v? ^/imR> zMya? h/NTv! Aapae/ yae±a?i[ muÂt , maÊ?:k«taE/ Vyensa/¸NyaE zUn/m! Aar?tam! . 3-033-13 3.033.01 Rushing from the flanks of the mountains, eager (to reach the sea) like two mares with loosened reins contending (with each other in speed), like two fair mother cows (hastening) to caress (their calves), the Vipa_s' and S'utudri, flow readily with (united) waters.  [S'utudri: legend (also given in Nirukta 2.24): Vis'va_mitra, the family priest of Suda_s, the son of Paijavana, having gained much wealth in his service, was returning with it home, when his road brought him to the confluence of the Vipa_s' and S'utudri; in order to make them fordable, he addressed to them the first verses of this su_kta, to which he replied, and allowed him and his followers to cross]. 3.033.02 Impelled by Indra, soliciting (his commands), you go to the ocean like charioteers (to their goal); flowing together, and swelling with (your) waves, bright (rivers) one of you proceeds to the other. 3.033.03 I repaired to the most material river; I went to the wide auspicious Vipa_s', flowing together to a common receptacle, like parent cows (hastening to) caress the calf. 3.033.04 The rivers speak: Fertilizing (the land) with this (our) current, we are flowing to the receptacle which has been appointed by the deity (Indra); the course appointed for our going (permits) not of delay; of what is the sage desirious, that he addresses the rivers? 3.033.05 Vis'va_mitra speaks: Rivers, charged with water, rest a moment from your course at my request, who go to gather the Soma; I, the son of Kus'ika, desirous of protection, address with earnest prayer especially the river before me. [At my request: me vacase somya_ya = to my speech importing the soma, i.e. the object of my address is, that having crossed over, I may go to gather the soma; cf. Nirukta 2.25; the river before me: that is, the s'utudri]. 3.033.06 The rivers speak; Indra, the wielder of the thunder-bolt, dug our channels when he slew Ahi the blocker-up of rivers; the divine and well-handed Savita_ has led us (on our path), and obedient tohis commands we flow (as) ample (streams). [The blocker-yo if ruversL tge ckiyd unorusibubg the water of the rains; savita_: epithet of Indra, the impeller or animator of the world: savita_ sarvasya jagatah prerakah; cf. Nirukta 2.26]. 3.033.07 Vis'va_mitra speaks: Ever is that heroic exploit of Indra to be celebrated when he cut Ahi to pieces, and with his thunderbolt destroyed the surrounding (obstructors of the rain), whence the waters proceed in the direction they desire. 3.033.08 The rivers speak: Praiser of Indra, forget not this speech, nor the worlds that (you have addressed to us) for future ages (to reverence); celebrator (of holy rites), be favourable to us in solemn prayers; treat us not after the (arrogant fashion) of men; salutation be to you! 3.033.09 Vis'va_mitra speaks: Listen, sister (streams), kindly to him who praises you; who has come from afar with a waggon and chariot; bow down lowly; become easily fordable; remain, rivers, lower than the axle (of the wheel) with your currents. [With a wagon and chariot: anasa_ rathena = s'akat.ena rathena ca, by a cart and a carriage; anas, a cart or wagon, or truck, to convey the Soma]. 3.033.10 The rivers speak: Hymner, we hear your words, that you have come from afar with a wagon and chariot; we bow down before you; like a woman nursing (her child), like a maiden bending to embrace a man, (so will we do) for you. [For you: te is repeated at the end of the line; it is repeated out of respect, te iti punaruktir a_dara_rtham]. 3.033.11 Vis'va_mitra speaks: (Since), rivers, (you have allowed me to cross), so may the Bharatas pass over (your united stream); may the troop desiring to cross the water, permitted (by you), and impelled by Indra, pass; then let the course appinted for your going (be resumed); I have recourse to the favour of you who are worthy of adoration. [The Bharatas: said to be the same lineage as Vis'va_mitra's: bharakulaja_ madiya_h sarve; perhaps this means, those who were the bearers of Vis'va_mitra's goods and chattels; Maha_bha_rata, A_di Parva 5.3734 cites Vasis.t.ha as the family priest of the Bharatas]. 3.033.12 The Bharata_s seeking cattle passed over; the sage enjoyed the favour of the rivers; streams dispensing food, productive of wealth, spread abundance, fill (your beds), flow swiftly. 3.033.13 Let your waves (rivers) so flow that the pin of the yoke may be above (their) waters; leave the traces full, and may (the two streams), exempt from misfortune or defect, and uncensured, exhibit no (present) increase. [The pin: s'amya_, yugki_la; or, the ropes that are fastened to the ends of the yoke, the traces: yugyakan.t.ha pa_rs'va_di sam.lagna rajjavah; yoktra_n.i is also similarly explained; perhaps, these refer to the traces; exhibit no present increase: ma s'u_nam a_rata_m: s'u_nam = samr.ddhim, increase, referring merely to the present moment; i.e., may the rivers not so rise as to prevent his passage; or, it may convey a wish that the rivers might never suffer any diminution, taking s'u_nam in the sense of s'u_nyam, emptiness].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

#NÔ>? pU/i-Rdœ Aait?r/dœ das?m! A/k‰Rrœ iv/dÖ?su/rœ dy?manae/ iv zÇU?n! , äü?jUts! t/Nva vav&xa/nae -Uir?daÇ/ Aap&?[/dœ raed?sI %/-e . 3-034-01 m/oSy? te tiv/;Sy/ à jU/itm! #y?imR/ vac?m! A/m&ta?y/ -U;?n! , #NÔ? i]tI/nam! A?is/ manu?;I[a< iv/za< dEvI?nam! %/t pU?vR/yava? . 3-034-02 #NÔae? v&/Çm! A?v&[ae/c! DxR?nIit>/ à ma/iyna?m! Aimna/dœ vpR?[Iit> , Ah/n! Vy&ltsm! %/zx/g! vne?:v! Aa/ivrœ xena? Ak«[aedœ ra/Mya[a?m! . 3-034-03 #NÔ>? Sv/;aR j/ny/Ú! Aha?in ij/gayae/iziG->/ p&t?na Ai-/iò> , àarae?cy/n! mn?ve ke/tum! Aûa/m! Aiv?Nd/j! Jyaeit?rœ b&h/te r[a?y . 3-034-04 #NÔ/s! tujae? b/hR[a/ Aa iv?vez n&/vdœ dxa?nae/ nyaR? pu/êi[? , Ace?ty/dœ ixy? #/ma j?ir/Çe àem< v[R?m! Aitrc! Du/³m! Aa?sam! . 3-034-05 m/hae m/hain? pnyNTy! A/SyeNÔ?Sy/ kmR/ suk«?ta pu/êi[? , v&/jne?n v&ij/nan! sm! ip?pe; ma/yai-/rœ dSyU?A/i--U?Tyaeja> . 3-034-06 yu/xeNÔae? m/ûa vir?vz! ckar de/ve_y>/ sTp?itz! c;Ri[/àa> , iv/vSv?t>/ sd?ne ASy/ tain/ ivàa? %/Kwei->? k/vyae? g&[iNt . 3-034-07 s/Ça/sah</ vre?{y< shae/da< s?s/va&lts</ Svrœ A/pz! c? de/vI> , s/san/ y> p&?iw/vI *am! %/temam! #NÔ?m! md/NTy! Anu/ xIr?[as> . 3-034-08 s/sanaTya?%/t sUy¡? ssa/neNÔ>? ssan pué/-aej?s</ gam! , ih/r/{yy?m! %/t -aeg<? ssan h/TvI dSyU/n! àay¡/ v[R?m! Aavt! . 3-034-09 #NÔ/ Aae;?xIrœ Asnae/dœ Aha?in/ vn/SptI?Asnaedœ A/Ntir?]m! , ib/-ed? v/l< nu?nu/de ivva/cae =?wa-vdœ dim/tai-³?tUnam! . 3-034-10 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-034-11 3.034.01 Indra, the destroyer of cities, possessed of wealth manifesting (his greatness), merciless to his enemies has overspread the day with his radiance; attracted by prayer, increasing in bulk, and armed with many weapons, he has delighted both heaven and earth. [Rmed with many pweapons: bhu_rida_tra: da_tra fr. do, to cut, is explained as a weapon]. 3.034.02 Decorating you, I address sincere prayers to you who are adorable and mighty, for the sake of (obtaining) food; you, Indra are the preceder of men the descendants of manu, and of the descendants of the gods. [The preceder of men: pu_rvaya_va_ (ya_ pra_pan.e), agrato ganta_, the goer before]. 3.034.03 Indra, of glorious deeds, destroyed Vr.tra; resistless in combat, he has overcome the deceivers resolved to consume him; he slew the mutilated (demon lurking) in the woods, and made manifest the (stolen) kine (that had been hidden) in the night. 3.034.04 Indra, the giver of svarga, generating the days, has subdued victorious with the eager (an:girasas) the hostile hosts, and illuminingfor man the banner of the days, he obtained light for the great conflict. [Illumining the banner of the days: pra_rocayan ketum ahna_m = lighting up, su_rya, or the sun]. 3.034.05 Indra entered the confiding hostile (hosts) like a man distributing many (gifts) to (his) leaders; he has animated these dawns for the worshipper, and heightened their bright radiance (by his own). 3.034.06 They celebrate many great and glorious exploits of this mighty Indra; he crushed the strong by his strength, and, of overpowering prowess, he overcame the dasyus by delusions. 3.034.07 Lord of the virtuous, fulfiller of the wishes of men, he gave to the gods the wealth (that had been won) in fierce battle, and therefore far-seeing sages glorify those his exploits with praises in the dwelling of the worshipper. [To the gods: devebhyah = stotrebhyah, to the praisers or worshippers; in the dwelling of the worshipper: vivasvatah sadane: vivasvatah = of whom dwelling vasatah, where various (vi) religious rites are performed]. 3.034.08 Devout worshippers propitiate Indra, the victorious, the excellent, the bestower of strength, the enjoyer of heaven and the divine waters, and who was the giver of the earth and heaven and this (firmament to their inhabitants). 3.034.09 He gave horses, he gave also the sun, and Indra gave also the many-nourishing cow; he gave golden treasure, and having destroyed the dasyus, he protected the a_rya tribe. [The a_rya tribe: a_rya varn.am = implies only the best tribe, or order, uttamam varn.am, or the three first castes collectively]. 3.034.10 Indra bestowed plants and days, he gave trees and the firmament,he divided the cloud, he scattered opponents, he was the tamer of adversaries. 3.034.11 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra, distinguished in this combat, the leader in the food-bestowing (strife), hearing (our praises), terrible in battles, the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

itóa/ hrI/ rw/ Aa yu/Jyma?na ya/ih va/yurœ n in/yutae? nae/ ACD? , ipba/Sy! ANxae? A/i-s&?òae A/Sme #NÔ/ Svaha? rir/ma te/ mda?y . 3-035-01 %pa?ij/ra pu?éø/tay/ sÝI/ hrI/ rw?Sy xU/:v!rœ Aa yu?niJm , Ô/vdœ ywa/ sM-&?t< iv/ñt?z! ic/dœ %pe/m< y/}m! Aa v?hat/ #NÔ?m! . 3-035-02 %pae? nySv/ v&;?[a tpu/:paetem! A?v/ Tv< v&?;- Svxav> , ¢se?ta/m! Aña/ iv mu?ce/h zae[a? id/ve-id?ve s/†zI?rœ AiÏ xa/na> . 3-035-03 äü?[a te äü/yuja? yuniJm/ hrI/ soa?ya sx/mad? Aa/zU , iSw/r< r¡? su/om! #?NÔaix/itó?n! àja/nn! iv/Öa%p? yaih/ saem?m! . 3-035-04 ma te/ hrI/ v&;?[a vI/tp&?óa/ in rI?rm/n! yj?manasae A/Nye , A/Tyaya?ih/ zñ?tae v/y< te =?r< su/tei->? k«[vam/ saemE>? . 3-035-05 tva/y< saem/s! Tvm! @ý! A/vaR'œ D?ñÄ/m< su/mna? A/Sy pa?ih , A/iSmn! y/}e b/ihR:y! Aa in/;*a? dix/:vem< j/Qr/ #NÊ?m! #NÔ . 3-035-06 StI/[¡ te? b/ihR> su/t #?NÔ/ saem>? k«/ta xa/na AÄ?ve te/ hir?_yam! , tdae?kse pué/zaka?y/ v&:[e? m/éTv?te/ tu_y<? ra/ta h/vIi;? . 3-035-07 #/m< nr>/ pvR?ta/s! tu_y/m! Aap>/ sm! #?NÔ/ gaei-/rœ mxu?mNtm! A³n! , tSya/gTya? su/mna? \:v paih àja/nn! iv/Öan! p/Wya Anu/ Sva> . 3-035-08 yaAa-?jae m/ét? #NÔ/ saeme/ ye Tvam! Av?xR/Ú! A-?vn! g/[s! te? , tei-?rœ @/t< s/jae;a? vavza/nae =/¶e> ip?b ij/þya/ saem?m! #NÔ . 3-035-09 #NÔ/ ipb? Sv/xya? ict! su/tSya/¶erœ va? paih ij/þya? yjÇ , A/Xv/yaˆRrœ va/ ày?t< z³/ hSta/dœ xaetu?rœ va y/}< h/iv;ae? ju;Sv . 3-035-10 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-035-11 3.035.01 Stay, Indra, having yoked the horses to the car, as Va_yu stops when he has put to his steds, and come to our presence; solicited by us to drink of the Soma, which with reverence we offer for your exhilaration. 3.035.02 I harness for you, who is invoked by many, the swift gliding horses to the shafts of the car, that they may bear Indra to this sacrifice that is prepared with all (that is required). 3.035.03 Showerer (of benefits), giver of food, guide hither your vigorous horses, defending (us) against foes, and protect (your worshippers); here unharness the bay steeds, and give them fodder, and you eat daily suitable food. [Eat suitable food: sadr.s'i_r addhi dha_na_h = eat suitable grains, i.e. fried barley, bhr.s.tayava_n]. 3.035.04 I harness with prayer your horses, who are to be harnessed with prayer, who are allies and swift-paced in battle; arise, and all-knowing Indra, mounting on your firm and easy chariot, come to the libation. 3.035.05 Let not other sacrifices attract your vigorous and smooth-backed steeds; disregarding others, come perpetually hither, that we may propitiate you sufficiently with effused Soma libations. 3.035.06 This soma libation is for you; come down, and well disposed, drink of it unceasingly; seated on the grass at this sacrifice, take Indra, this (libation) into your belly. [Yajus. 26.23]. 3.035.07 The sacred grass is strewn for you; the Soma, Indra, is poured forth; the grain wherewith to feed your horses is prepared; the oblations are offered to you abiding on the sacred grass, who is praised of many, and is the showerer (of benefits), attended by the Maruts. 3.035.08 The leaders (of the ceremony) have prepared for you, Indra, this (libation), sweetened with milk, the stones, the water; beautiful Indra, who is favourably disposed, and who is wise, knowing well (the worship) that is according to your peculiar paths, come and drink of this libation. [Knowing well the worship: praja_nan pathya_ anu sva_h = righty apprehending the praises which are due or peculiar, and which are offered with the rites enjoined by the Vedas. 3.035.09 Associated, Indra, with those Maruts with whom you have shared in the libation, who encouraged you (in battle), and are your attendant troop, drink, desirous of the Soma, along with them, with the tongue of Agni. 3.035.10 Adorable Indra, drink of the effused libation, either by your own effort, or through the tongue of Agni; drink it, S'akra, offered by the hand of the adhvaryu, or accept the presentation of the oblation (from the hand) of the Hota_. 3.035.11 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra distinguished in this combat; the leader in the food bestowing (strife), hearing (our praises), terrible in battles the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; 10 ghora a_n:girasa; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

#/mam! ^/ ;u à-&?it< sa/tye? xa>/ zñ?C-Dñdœ ^/iti-/rœ yad?man> , su/te-su?te vav&xe/ vxR?nei-/rœ y> kmR?i-rœ m/hiÑ>/ suïu?tae/ -Ut! . 3-036-01 #NÔa?y/ saema>? à/idvae/ ivda?na \/-urœ yei-/rœ v&;?pvaR/ ivha?ya> , à/y/Myma?na/n! àit/ ;U g&?-a/yeNÔ/ ipb/ v&;?xUtSy/ v&:[>? . 3-036-02 ipba/ vxR?Sv/ tv? "a su/tas/ #NÔ/ saema?s> àw/ma %/teme , ywaip?b> pU/VyaR#?NÔ/ saema?@/va pa?ih/ pNyae? A/*a nvI?yan! . 3-036-03 m/haAm?Çae v&/jne? ivr/PZy! %¢< zv>? pTyte x&/:{v! Aaej>? , nah? ivVyac p&iw/vI c/nEn</ yt! saema?sae/ hyR?ñ/m! Am?Ndn! . 3-036-04 m/ha%/¢ae va?v&xe vI/yaRy s/mac?³e v&;/-> kaVye?n , #NÔae/ -gae? vaj/da A?Sy/ gav>/ à ja?yNte/ di]?[a ASy pU/vI> . 3-036-05 à yt! isNx?v> às/v< yway/Ú! Aap>? smu/Ô< r/Wyev jGmu> , At?z! ic/dœ #NÔ>/ sd?sae/ vrI?ya/n! ydœ $</ saem>? p&/[it? Ê/Gxae A</zu> . 3-036-06 s/mu/Ôe[/ isNx?vae/ yad?mana/ #NÔa?y/ saem</ su;u?t/m! -r?Nt> , A</zu< Ê?hiNt h/iStnae? -/irÇE/rœ mXv>? puniNt/ xar?ya p/ivÇE>? . 3-036-07 ÿ/da #?v k…/]y>? saem/xana>/ sm! $? ivVyac/ sv?na pu/êi[? , AÚa/ ydœ #NÔ>? àw/ma Vy! Aaz? v&/Ç< j?"/NvaA?v&[It/ saem?m! . 3-036-08 Aa tU -?r/ maik?rœ @/tt! pir? óadœ iv/Òa ih Tva/ vsu?pit</ vsU?nam! , #NÔ/ yt! te/ maih?n</ dÇ/m! ASTy! A/Sm_y</ tdœ x?yRñ/ à y?iNx . 3-036-09 A/Sme à y?iNx m"vÚ! \jIi;/Ú! #NÔ? ra/yae iv/ñva?rSy/ -Ure>? , A/Sme z/t< z/rdae? jI/vse? xa A/Sme vI/ra|! Dñ?t #NÔ iziàn! . 3-036-10 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-036-11 3.036.01 Indra, who is constantly seeking (association) with your allies (the Maruts) accept this, our offering (made) for the grant (from you of riches); for you are one who grows with augmenting energies, through reiterated libations, and has been renowned for glorious deeds. 3.036.02 To Indra have libations been presented in the days of old, whereby he has become illustrious, the regulator of time, the granter of desires; accept, Indra, these prescribed (offerings), and drink of this auspicous (Soma), expressed by the stones. [Has become illustrious: r.bhur yebhih, vr.s.aparva_ viha_ya_h = with which (libations) he is r.bhu;or, di_tah, enlightened; vr.s.aparva_= he on whom the rainy season and other divisions of time parva_n.i, depend; or, time itself, ka_la_tamakah and viha_ya_, who abandons or resigns to those who ask anything, that which they desire; the two first, r.bhu and vr.s.aparva_ may also be considered proper names or appellations of Indra; expressed by the stones: vr.s.adhu_tasya vr.s.nah: vr.s. = showering, raining; i.e. rain-shaken rainer; vr.s.n.ah = Soma that bestows svarga and such other benefits; gra_vabhir abhis.u_tam, expressed by the stones used for the purpose; using the same idea of their being showerers or bestowers of blessings]. 3.036.03 Drink, Indra, and thrive; yours are these (present) libations, as were the primitive libations; you who is adorable, drink today the recent libations, as you drank those of old. 3.036.04 The great Indra, the victorious in battle, the defier of foes; his fierce strength and resolute vigour are exerted; verily the earth does not contain him, neither (does the heaven), when the Soma libations exhilarate the lord of the tawny steeds. 3.036.05 The mighty, fierce, auspicious Indra, the showerer (of benefits), augments (in power) as he is animated for heroic (acts) by praise; his cattle are generated givers of food; many are his donations. [Many are his donations: daks.in.a_ asya pu_rvi_h: these are both epithets of ga_vah: bahvyasta_ ga_vo daks.in.a_h praja_yante, those many cows, givers (of milk and the like) are born]. 3.036.06 As the rivers pursue their course, the waters rush to the ocean like the drivers of cars (to a goal), so the vast Indra (hastens) from his dwelling (in the firmament), when the humble Som alibation propitiates him. [The comparison: as small rivers and scanty waters contribute to the vast ocean, so the Soma, however insignificant, contributes to the gratification of the great Indra]. 3.036.07 As the rivers are solicitious (to mix) with the ocean, so (are the priests) bearing the efficient libation to Indra; holding in their hands they milk the Soma, and purify the sweet Soma (as they fall) indrops through the purifying filters. 3.036.08 The stomach of Indra (is) as capacious (a receptacle) of Soma, as a lake, for he has partaken of it at many sacrifices; and inasmuch as he has eaten the first (sacrificial) viands, he has been the slayer of Vr.tra, and has shared the Soma (with the gods). [As capacious of Soma as a lake: hrada_ iva kuks.ayah soma dha_na_h: bellies udara_n.i, is used in the plural, to intimate capaciousness for holding the Soma]. 3.036.09 Quickly, Indra, bring (wealth); let no one impede you, for we know you to be the lord of wealth, of all treasures; and since, Indra, your greatness is munificence, therefore, lord of the tawny steeds, grant us (riches). 3.036.10 Opulent Indra, receiver of the spiritless Soma, give to us riches in universally desired quantity; grant us to live a hundred years; bestow upon us, Indra wiht the handsome chin, numerous posterity. 3.036.11 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra, distinguished in this combat; the leader in the food-bestowing (strife), hearing (our praises), terrible in battles, the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_, 11 anus.t.up

vaÇR?hTyay/ zv?se p&tna/;aýa?y c , #NÔ/ Tva v?tRyamis . 3-037-01 A/vaR/cIn</ su te/ mn? %/t c]u>? zt³tae , #NÔ? k«/{vNtu? va/"t>? . 3-037-02 nama?in te zt³tae/ ivña?i-rœ gI/i-Rrœ $?mhe , #NÔa?i-mait/;aýe? . 3-037-03 pu/é/òu/tSy/ xam?i-> z/ten? mhyamis , #NÔ?Sy c;R[I/x&t>? . 3-037-04 #NÔ<? v&/Çay/ hNt?ve puéø/tm! %p? äuve , -re?;u/ vaj?satye . 3-037-05 vaje?;u sas/ihrœ -?v/ Tvam! $?mhe zt³tae , #NÔ? v&/Çay/ hNt?ve . 3-037-06 *u/çe;u? p&t/naJye? p&Tsu/tU;uR/ ïv?Ssu c , #NÔ/ saúva/i-ma?it;u . 3-037-07 zu/i:mNt?m< n ^/tye? *u/içn?m! paih/ jag&?ivm! , #NÔ/ saem<? zt³tae . 3-037-08 #/iNÔ/yai[? zt³tae/ ya te/ jne?;u p/Âsu? , #NÔ/ tain? t/ Aa v&?[e . 3-037-09 Ag?Ú! #NÔ/ ïvae? b&/hdœ *u/ç< d?ix:v Ê/òr?m! , %t! te/ zu:m<? itramis . 3-037-10 A/vaR/vtae? n/ Aa g/ý! Awae? z³ pra/vt>? , %/ lae/kae ys! te? AiÔv/ #NÔe/h tt/ Aa g?ih . 3-037-11 3.037.01 We excite you, Indra, to exert the strength that destroys Vr.tra, and overpowers hostile armies. 3.037.02 May your praisers, Indra, who is worshipped in a hundred rites, direct your mind and your eyes towards us. [Worshipped in a hundred rites: s'atakratu = Indra; or, an epithet, he to whom a hundred (i.e. many) sacrifices are offered,  or by whom many great acts are performed. 3.037.03 We recite, Indra, who is worshipped in a hundred rites, (your many) names in all our hymns for strength to resist our foes. 3.037.04 We repeat the praise of the many-lauded Indra the supporter of man, invested with a hundred glories. 3.037.05 I invoke you, Indra, who is invoked of many for the slaying of Vr.tra, and the granting of food (as the spoil) of battle. 3.037.06 Be victorious, Indra, in battles; we solicit you, object of many rites, to destroy Vr.tra. 3.037.07 Overcome, Indra, those who are adverse to us in riches, in battle, in hostile hosts, in strength. 3.037.08 Drink, Indra, object of many rites, for our preservation, the most invigorating, fame-conferring, sleep-dispelling, Soma. [pi_tah somah svapnaniva_raka = drinking the soma is preventive of sleep]. 3.037.09 Indra, object of many rites, I regard the organs of sense, that exist in the five races (of beings dependent) on you as yours. 3.037.10 May the abundant (sacrificial) food (we offer) reach you, Indra; grant us wealth that may not easily be surpassed; we augment your vigour (by our offerings). 3.037.11 COme to us S'akra, whether from afar or nigh; whatever, Indra, wielder of the thunderbolt, be your region, come from thence hither.

r.s.i: praja_pati vais'va_mitra or vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

A/i- tòe?v dIxya mnI/;am! ATyae/ n va/jI su/xurae/ ijha?n> , A/i- ià/yai[/ mm!rœ#R?z/t! pra?i[ k/vI#?CDaim s</†ze? sume/xa> . 3-038-01 #/naet p&?CD/ jin?ma kvI/nam! m?nae/x&t>? su/k«t?s! t]t/ *am! , #/ma %? te à/{yae vxR?mana/ mnae?vata/ Ax/ nu xmR?i[ Gmn! . 3-038-02 in ;I/m! #dœ AÇ/ guýa/ dxa?na %/t ]/Çay/ raed?sI/ sm! A?Ãn! , sm! maÇa?i-rœ mim/re ye/murœ %/vI A/Ntrœ m/hI sm&?te/ xay?se xu> . 3-038-03 Aa/itó?Nt/m! pir/ ivñe? A-U;/|! D+#yae/ vsa?nz! crit/ Svrae?ic> , m/ht! tdœ v&:[ae/ Asu?rSy/ nama iv/ñê?pae A/m&ta?in tSwaE . 3-038-04 AsU?t/ pUvaˆR? v&;/-ae Jyaya?n! #/ma A?Sy zu/éx>? siNt pU/vI> , idvae? npata iv/dw?Sy xI/i-> ]/Ç< ra?jana à/idvae? dxawe . 3-038-05 ÇIi[? rajana iv/dwe? pu/êi[/ pir/ ivña?in -U;w>/ sda<?is , Ap?Zy/m! AÇ/ mn?sa jg/Nvan! ì/te g?Nx/vaRAip? va/yuke?zan! . 3-038-06 tdœ #n! Nv! ASy v&;/-Sy? xe/naerœ Aa nam?i-rœ mimre/ sKMy</ gae> , A/Nydœ-A?Nydœ Asu/y¡ vsa?na/ in ma/iynae? mimre ê/pm! A?iSmn! . 3-038-07 tdœ #n! Nv! ASy siv/turœ nik?rœ me ihr/{yyI?m! A/mit</ yam! Aiz?ïet! , Aa su?òu/tI raed?sI ivñim/Nve ApI?v/ yae;a/ jin?main vìe . 3-038-08 yu/vm! à/ÆSy? saxwae m/hae ydœ dEvI? Sv/iSt> pir? [> Syatm! , gae/paij?þSy t/Swu;ae/ ivê?pa/ ivñe? pZyiNt ma/iyn>? k«/tain? . 3-038-09 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-038-10 3.038.01 Repeat (to Indra) pious praise, as a carpenter (planes the wood), and engaging (zealously in sacred rites), as a quick horse bearing well his burden; endowed with intelligence, and refllecting upon the future acts acceptable (to Indra), I desire to behold the sages (whohave gone to heaven). [As a quick horse: the institutor of the rite is supposed here to address the officiating priests, urging them to be diligent laboureres, like the carpenter of the pack-horse; acts acceptable to Indra: abhipriya_n.i marmr.s'at para_n.i kavi_n.iccha_mi sandr.s'e: priya_n.i = indrasya priyatama_ni; para_n.i = uttama_ni, best and most dear to Indra; karma_n.i = acts; or, para_n.i = acts to be done on subsequent days, uttares'vahassu kriyama_n.a_ni; kavi = kra_ntadars'i_ a seer of the past;here, it is said to mean a holy person who, for his assiduous devotion, has attained deification, yah pu_rvam anus.t.hitayajn~aih devabhu_yam agamat; so, ye vai tena r.s.ayah purve preta_s te vai kavayah (Aitareya Bra_hman.a 6.20)]. 3.038.02 Ask of the lords (of earth, the holy teachers), the birth of those deified sages, who with well-governed minds, and diligent in sacred rites, fabricated the heavens; and may these propitiatory (praises), augmenting (your power) and rapid as the wind, reach you at this solemn rite. 3.038.03 Comprehending hidden (mysteries) here on earth, they have, through their power, made manifest (the things of) heaven and earth; they have set limits to themby their elements; they connected them both mutually united, wide-spread and vast, and fixed the intermediate (firmament) to sustain them. [They have set limits: sam ma_tra_bhir mamire = ma_tra_bhih rodasyau iyattaya_ paricchinne cakruh, wih the elements they made determinate divisions of heaven and earth by so much, i.e., to a definite limit or extent]. 3.038.04 They all ornamented (Indra) standing (in his car) and, clothed in beauty, he proceeds self-radiant; wonderful are the acts of that showerer (of benefits), the influencer (of consciences), who omniform, presides over the ambrosial (waters). [The influencer of consciences: the text has only asurasya; the term is explained by prerakasya antarya_mitava, impeller, from being in the inner spirit]. 3.038.05 The showerer (of benefits), the preceder and elder (of the gods), generated (the waters); they are the abundant allayers of his thirst; sovereign Indra and Varun.a, grandsons of heaven, you possess the wealth (that is to be acquired) by the rites of the splendid sacrifice. 3.038.06 Royal Indra and Varun.a, embellish the three universal sacrifices (and make them) full (of all requisites) for this celebration; you have gone to the rite, for I have beheld in my mind, at this solemnity, the gandharvas with hair (waving) in the wind. [The gandharvas: gandharva_n va_yukes'a_n: the gandharvas are the guardians of the Soma, somaraks.aka_n; similar beings are cited in Taittiri_ya: sva_nabhra_ja_n, bambha_re, hasta, suhasta, kr.s'a_n.ahete vah somakrayan.a_s, ta_n raks.adhvamma_ vo dabhan]. 3.038.07 Those who, for (the sake of) the showerer (of benefits), milk the agreeable (produce) of the cow, (who is known) by (many) names, they invested with the diversified strength (of the asuras) and practising delusive art have deposited their own nature in him. 3.038.08 No one (distinguishes) my golden lustre from that of this Savita_, in which (lustre) he has taken refuge; gratified by pious praise, he cherishes the all-fostering heaven and earth as a woman cherishes her offspring. [The Savita_: asya savitur nakir me: savita_ = Indra, sarvasya jagato antarya_mitaya_ prerayitur indrasya, of Indra the impeller, through his being the internal pervader of the whole world]. 3.038.09 You two secure the great felicity of the ancient (worshipper), that which is happiness in heaven; do you (therefore) be even about us; all those who exercise illusion, contemplate the manifold expoits of the everlasting and blandly-speaking Indra. [All those who exercise illusion: vis've ma_yinah = sarve deva_h, all the gods; ma_ya_ also signifies wisdom, intelligence,hence, may also mean the wise; ma_ya = deceivers, or asuras]. 3.038.10 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra, distinguished in this combat, the leader in the food-bestowing (strife), hearing (our praises), terrible in battles, the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up; Anuva_ka IV

#NÔ?m! m/itrœ ù/d Aa v/Cyma/naCDa/ pit</ Staem?tòa ijgait , ya jag&?ivrœ iv/dwe? z/Syma/neNÔ/ yt! te/ jay?te iv/iÏ tSy? . 3-039-01 id/vz! ic/dœ Aa pU/VyaR jay?mana/ iv jag&?ivrœ iv/dwe? z/Syma?na , -/Ôa vôa/{y! AjuR?na/ vsa?na/ seym! A/Sme s?n/ja ipÈya/ xI> . 3-039-02 y/ma ic/dœ AÇ? ym/sUrœ A?sUt ij/þaya/ A¢/m! pt/dœ Aa ý! ASwa?t! , vpU<?i; ja/ta im?wu/na s?cete tmae/hna/ tpu?;ae bu/× @ta? . 3-039-03 nik?rœ @;a< iniNd/ta mTyˆR?;u/ ye A/Smak?m! ip/trae/ gae;u? yae/xa> , #NÔ? @;a< †&ltih/ta maih?nava/n! %dœ gae/Çai[? ss&je d</sna?van! . 3-039-04 soa? h/ yÇ/ sio?i-/rœ nv?GvErœ Ai-/}œÁv! Aa sTv?i-/rœ ga A?nu/Gmn! , s/Ty< tdœ #NÔae? d/zi-/rœ dz?GvE>/ sUy¡? ivved/ tm?is i]/yNt?m! . 3-039-05 #NÔae/ mxu/ sM-&?tm! %/iöya?yam! p/Ödœ iv?ved z/)v/n! nme/ gae> , guha? ih/t< guý<? gU/¦œhm! A/Psu hSte? dxe/ di]?[e/ di]?[avan! . 3-039-06 Jyaeit?rœ v&[It/ tm?sae ivja/nÚ! Aa/re Sya?m Êir/tadœ A/-Ike? , #/ma igr>? saempa> saemv&Ï ju/;Sve?NÔ pué/tm?Sy ka/rae> . 3-039-07 Jyaeit?rœ y/}ay/ raed?sI/ Anu? :yadœ Aa/re Sya?m Êir/tSy/ -Ure>? , -Uir? ic/dœ ix tu?j/tae mTyR?Sy supa/rasae? vsvae b/hR[a?vt! . 3-039-08 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-039-09 3.039.01 The praise that is prompted by the heart, and is uttered by the reciters of sacred hymns, proceeds to the presence of the lord, and is his awakener when repeated at the sacrifice; be cognizant Indra, of this praise, which is born for you. 3.039.02 That praise which is begotten before (the dawn) of day is the awakener of Indra, when repeated at the (morning) sacrifice; auspicious and clothed in white raiment is this our ancient and paternal hymn. [Auspicious and clothed in white raiment: bhadra_ vastra_n.i arjuna_ vasa_na_ va_k = speech auspicious, wearing white garments, i.e., teja_m.si, splendours, energies; our ancient and paternal hymn: pitrya_ dhi_h pitr.krama_gata_ stuti, praise come in the succession of progenitors]. 3.039.03 The parent of twins (the dawn), has brought forth the twin (As'vins) on this occasion, (in the praise of whom) the tip of my tongue remains tremulous; they two, the dispersers of darkness, combine, assuming bodies as a pair (of twins) at the origin of the day. [At the origin of the day: the as'vins are worshipped at the morning ceremony]. 3.039.04 There are no revilers among men of those who were our progenitors and combatants for (the recovery of) the cattle; for the mighty Indra, the achiever of great deeds, liberated for them the numerous herds. 3.039.05 A friend, accompanied by the faithful friends who had celebrated the nine months rite, and tracking the cows upon their knees, and in like manner accompanied by those ten who had accomplished the ten months' rite, Indra made manifest the true (light of the sun) (theretofore) dweling in (the) darkness (of the cave). [The faithful friends: the an:girasas; ten months' rite: navagvah and das'agvah]. 3.039.06 Indra discovered the sweet milk secreted in the cow, and thereupon, brought forth (from their concealment) the herd (of cattle) having feet and having hoofs; munificent (in gifts), he held in his right hand that which had been hidden in the cavern, which was concealed in the waters. [he held in his right hand: i.e. he delivered the rains from their imprisonments in the clouds of the firmament]. 3.039.07 The discriminating (Indra) has separated the light from the darkness; may we, removed afar from evil, be ever in security; Indra, drinker of the Soma, who is nurished by Soma, be pleased with these praises of your worshipper who is the discomfiter of his foes. 3.039.08 May light be spread throughout heaven and earth for (the promotion of the) sacrifice; may we be far removed from exceeding ill; Vasus, who are to be rendered present (by pious praise), bestow increasing affluence upon the men who is liberal of gifts. 3.039.09 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra, distinguished in this combat, the leader in the food-bestowing (strife), hearing (our praises), terrible in battles, the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_; indra; chanda: ga_yatri_

#NÔ? Tva v&;/-< v/y< su/te saeme? hvamhe , s pa?ih/ mXvae/ ANx?s> . 3-040-01 #NÔ? ³tu/ivd<? su/t< saem<? hyR puéòut , ipba v&?;Sv/ tat&?ipm! . 3-040-02 #NÔ/ à [ae? ix/tava?n< y/}< ivñe?i-rœ de/vei->? , it/r St?van ivZpte . 3-040-03 #NÔ/ saema>? su/ta #/me tv/ à y?iNt sTpte , ]y<? c/NÔas/ #Nd?v> . 3-040-04 d/ix/:va j/Qre? su/t< saem?m! #NÔ/ vre?{ym! , tv? *u/]as/ #Nd?v> . 3-040-05 igvR?[> pa/ih n>? su/tm! mxae/rœ xara?i-rœ AJyse , #NÔ/ Tvada?t/m! #dœ yz>? . 3-040-06 A/i- *u/çain? v/inn/ #NÔ<? scNte/ Ai]?ta , pI/TvI saem?Sy vav&xe . 3-040-07 A/vaR/vtae? n/ Aa g?ih pra/vt?z! c v&Çhn! , #/ma ju?;Sv nae/ igr>? . 3-040-08 ydœ A?Nt/ra p?ra/vt?m! AvaR/vt<? c ø/yse? , #NÔe/h tt/ Aa g?ih . 3-040-09 3.040.01 We invoke you, Indra, showerer (of benefits), to the effused libation; you drink of the exhilarating Soma. [Indra: a number of etymologies: fr. Nirukta and Taittiri_ya A_ran.yaka: he who sports (ramate), in the Soma (indu); or, he who shows this (idam) universe; or, he who divides (dr.n.a_ti), or gives (dada_ti), or takes (dadha_ti_), or causes to worship (da_rayati), or possesses (dha_rayati) spiritous liquor (iram), or who runs or passes (dravadi), the Soma (indau); or kindles or animates (inddhe) living beings; or he who beholds the pure spirit, or Brahma_, which is this (idam) universe; the grammarians derive it from idi, to rule with the affix -ran]. 3.040.02 Indra, the praised of many, accept the effused Soma, the conferrer of knowledge; drink, imbibe the satisfactory draught. [Imbibe: vr.s.asva, sprinkle, shower, that is, into the stomach, so that it may not descend below the stomach]. 3.040.03 Indra, lord of men, who is praised (by the devout) and aided by the gods, perfect this our sacrifice in which the oblation is offered (to you). 3.040.04 Indra, lord of the virtuous, these effused Soma juices, exhilarating and brilliant, proceed to your abode. [Your abode: ks.ayam tava: ks.aya = abode; here, it refers to Indra's belly, jat.hara]. 3.040.05 Receive, Indra, into your stomach this excellent effused libation, these bright (drops) abide with you in heaven. 3.040.06 Indra, who is glorified with praise, drink this our libation, for you are sprinkled with the drops of the exhilarating (draught); the (sacrificial) food is verily purified by you. 3.040.07 The brilliant and imperishable (Soma), offered by the worshipper, encompasses Indra; having drunk of the libation, he increases (in vigour). 3.040.08 Slayer of Vr.tra, whether from nigh or from afar, come to us, accept these our praises. 3.040.09 Whether you are called from nigh or from afar, or from mid-space, come hither, Indra, from thence.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_; indra; chanda: ga_yatri_

Aa tU n? #NÔ m/Õg! "uva/n> saem?pItye , hir?_ya< yaý! AiÔv> . 3-041-01 s/Äae haeta? n \/iTvy?s! itiSt/re b/ihRrœ Aa?nu/;kœ , Ayu?¿n! àa/trœ AÔ?y> . 3-041-02 #/ma äü? äüvah> i³/yNt/ Aa b/ihR> sI?d , vI/ih zU?r purae/¦az?m! . 3-041-03 ra/r/iNx sv?ne;u [ @/;u Staeme?;u v&Çhn! , %/Kwe:v! #?NÔ igvR[> . 3-041-04 m/ty>? saem/pam! %/é< ir/hiNt/ zv?s/s! pit?m! , #NÔ<? v/Ts< n ma/tr>? . 3-041-05 s m?NdSva/ ý! ANx?sae/ rax?se t/Nva m/he , n Stae/tar<? in/de k?r> . 3-041-06 v/ym! #?NÔ Tva/yvae? h/iv:m?Ntae jramhe , %/t Tvm! A?Sm/yurœ v?sae . 3-041-07 mare A/Smdœ iv mu?mucae/ hir?iàya/vaR'œ ya?ih , #NÔ? Svxavae/ mTSve/h . 3-041-08 A/vaRÂ<? Tva su/oe rwe/ vh?tam! #NÔ ke/izna? , "&/tõU? b/ihRrœ Aa/sde? . 3-041-09 3.041.01 Indra, wielder of the thunderbolt, come to me with your horses, when invoked to drink the Soma at our (sacrifice). 3.041.02 The invoking priest is seated at the proper season; the sacred grass woven together has been spread; the stones are placed in contact for the morning (libation). 3.041.03 Bearer of prayers, these prayers are offered (by us); sit down on the sacred grass; partake, hero, of the oblation. [Bearer of prayers: brahmava_hah, stotra_n.i vahati, who bears or receives praise; or it may mean brahman.a_ stotren.a pra_pyate, who is attained by praise or prayer]. 3.041.04 Slayer of Vr.tra, Indra, who is gratified by praise, be pleased with these our praises and prayers at our (daily) sacrifices. 3.041.05 Our praises caress the mighty Indra, the drinker of the Soma, as cows lick their calves. 3.041.06 Be exhilarated bodily (by drinking) of the libation which we offer for the sake of ample wealth; expose not your adorer to reproach. 3.041.07 Devoted, Indra, to you and offering oblations, we glorify you giver of dwellings; do you be favourably disposed to us. [Devoted to you: tva_yavah  = fr. tvam, you with kyac (supa a_tmanah kyac), converting it to tva_yu; so, presently, asmayuh, devoted or inclined to us]. 3.041.08 Lover of horses, Indra, loosen not your steeds while far from us, but come (with them) to our presence; enjoyer of the offering, be exhilarated at this sacrifice. 3.041.09 May your long-maned and sleek-coated steeds bring you down in your easy chariot to sit upon the sacred grass.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: ga_yatri_

%p? n> su/tm! Aa g?ih/ saem?m! #NÔ/ gva?izrm! , hir?_ya</ ys! te? ASm/yu> . 3-042-01 tm! #?NÔ/ md/m! Aa g?ih bihR/óa< ¢av?i-> su/tm! , k…/ivn! Nv! ASy t&/P[v>? . 3-042-02 #NÔ?m! #/Twa igrae/ mmaCDa?gurœ #i;/ta #/t> , Aa/v&te/ saem?pItye . 3-042-03 #NÔ</ saem?Sy pI/tye/ StaemE?rœ #/h h?vamhe , %/Kwei->? k…/ivdœ Aa/gm?t! . 3-042-04 #NÔ/ saema>? su/ta #/me tan! d?ix:v zt³tae , j/Qre? vaijnIvsae . 3-042-05 iv/Òa ih Tva? xn&ltj/y< vaje?;u dx&/;< k?ve , Axa? te su/çm! $?mhe . 3-042-06 #/mm! #?NÔ/ gva?izr</ yva?izr< c n> ipb , Aa/gTya/ v&;?i-> su/tm! . 3-042-07 tu_yedœ #?NÔ/ Sv Aae/Kye saem<? caedaim pI/tye? , @/; ra?rNtu te ù/id . 3-042-08 Tva< su/tSy? pI/tye? à/Æm! #?NÔ hvamhe , k…/iz/kasae? Av/Syv>? . 3-042-09 3.042.01 Come, Indra, to this our effused Soma mixed with milk and curds, with your horses (yoked to your car), which is favourably disposed to us. 3.042.02 Come, Indra, to the exhilarating (Soma) expressed by the stones, poured upon the sacred grass; drink of it to satiety, for there is plenty. 3.042.03 May my praises, addressed from hence and in thi smanner, attain Indra, to bring him hither to drink the Soma. 3.042.04 We invoke Indra to this rite with prayers to drink the Soma; may he, repeatedly invoked, come hither. 3.042.05 Indra, these Soma are poured out; take them, S'atakratu, into your stomach; you who is rich in (abundant) food. 3.042.06 Far-seeing Indra, we know you to be victorious and winner of wealth in battles; therefore we ask of you riches. 3.042.07 Having come (to our rite) drink, Indra, this our (libation), effused by the stones, and mixed with milk and curds, and with barley. 3.042.08 I offer to you, Indra, this Soma for your drinking, to be taken into its proper receptacle;may it delight your heart. 3.042.09 Descendants of Kus'a, desirous of protection, we invoke you, Indra, who is of old, to drink of the libation.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

Aa ya?ý! A/vaR'œ %p? vNxure/óas! tvedœ Anu? à/idv>? saem/pey?m! , ià/ya soa?ya/ iv mu/caep? b/ihRs! Tvam! #/me h?Vy/vahae? hvNte . 3-043-01 Aa ya?ih pU/vIrœ Ait? c;R/[Irœ AaA/yR Aa/iz;/ %p? nae/ hir?_yam! , #/ma ih Tva? m/ty/ Staem?tòa/ #NÔ/ hv?Nte s/Oy< ju?;a/[a> . 3-043-02 Aa nae? y/}< n?mae/v&x<? s/jae;a/ #NÔ? dev/ hir?i-rœ yaih/ tUy?m! , A/h< ih Tva? m/iti-/rœ jaeh?vIim "&/tà?ya> sx/made/ mxU?nam! . 3-043-03 Aa c/ Tvam! @/ta v&;?[a/ vha?tae/ hrI/ soa?ya su/xura/ Sv¼a? , xa/nav/dœ #NÔ>/ sv?n< ju;a/[> soa/ sOyu>? z&[v/dœ vNd?nain . 3-043-04 k…/ivn! ma? gae/pa< kr?se/ jn?Sy k…/ivdœ raja?nm! m"vÚ! \jIi;n! , k…/ivn! m/ \i;?m! pip/va&lts<? su/tSy? k…/ivn! me/ vSvae? A/m&t?Sy/ iz]a>? . 3-043-05 Aa Tva? b&/hNtae/ hr?yae yuja/na A/vaRg! #?NÔ sx/madae? vhNtu , à ye iÖ/ta id/v \/ÃNTy! Aata>/ sus?Mm&òasae v&;/-Sy? mU/ra> . 3-043-06 #NÔ/ ipb/ v&;?xUtSy/ v&:[/ Aa y< te? Zye/n %?z/te j/-ar? , ySy/ mde? Cya/vy?is/ à k«/òIrœ ySy/ mde/ Ap? gae/Ça v/vwR? . 3-043-07 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-043-08 3.043.01 Descend to us riding in your car, for verily yours is this ancient libation; unharness your beloved and friendly (horses) near to the sacred grass, for these offerers of the oblation present it to you. 3.043.02 Passing by multitudes, come hither, noble Indra, with your steeds, (to receive) our benedictions; for these praises, Indra, composed by the devout, invoke you propitiating your friendship. 3.043.03 Divine Indra, come quickly with your steeds, and well pleased, to our food-augmenting sacrifice; offering (sacred) food with butter, I invoke you verily with praises in the chamber of the sweet libations. 3.043.04 May these two vigorous friendly burden-bearing and well-limbed steeds convey you hither, where, Indra, approving of the ceremony (in wihc the offering) is parched grain, may hear as a friend the praises of his friend (the worshipper). 3.043.05 Possessor of wealth, accept of the spiritless Soma; make me the protector, or rather a monarch of men; make me verily a holy sage, a drinker of the libation; make me verily the possessor of imperishable wealth. [Or rather a monarch of men: kuvid ma_m gopa_m karase janasya kuvid ra_ja_nam: kuvid = api, surely, verily]. 3.043.06 May your mighty horses, Indra, harnessed (in your car), and alike exhilaarated (by Soma), bring you our presence, for they are the destroyers (of the foes) of the showerer (of benefits), and kindly rubbed by his hand they traverse, going quickly, the regions of the sky, making them as it were twofold. [Making them as it were twofold: pra ye dvita_ diva r.n~janti; sarva_ dis'o dvita_, dvidha_m, yatha_ bhavati tatha_ prakars.en.a sa_dhayanti, they especially make all the quarters of the horizon double, so that it (the sky) becomes twofold]. 3.043.07 Drink, Indra, of the bountiful (libation) expressed by the beneficent (stones); that which the falcon has borne to you desiring it, in whose exhilaration you cast down (opposing) men, in whose exhilaration you have set open the clouds. [That which the falcon: A legend in Aitareya Bra_hman.a, Pan~cika_ III, Adhya_ya 13: Soma grew formerly only in heaven, the r.sis and the gods considered how it might be brought down to earth, and desired the Cha_ndasas, the metres of the Vedas, to bring it; changing themselves to birds (suparn.as), they undertook the office; the only one who succeeded, however, was the ga_yatri_, in the shape of a hawk (s'yeni_), and she was wounded by an arrow shot by one of the somapa_las, or gandharvas, the guardians of the Soma, thence termed somabhra_ja_s, which cut off anail of her left foot; the ichor (blood-tinged discharge) from the wound became the vasa_ of the burnt offering]. 3.043.08 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra distinguished in this combat, the leader in the food-bestowing (strife), hearing (our praises), terrible in battles, the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: br.hati_

A/y< te? AStu hyR/t> saem/ Aa hir?i-> su/t> , ju/;a/[ #?NÔ/ hir?i-rœ n/ Aa g/ý! Aa it?ó/ hir?t</ rw?m! . 3-044-01 h/yRÚ! %/;s?m! AcRy>/ sUy¡? h/yRÚ! A?raecy> , iv/Öa&ltz! ic?ik/Tvan! h?yRñ vxRs/ #NÔ/ ivña? A/i- iïy>? . 3-044-02 *am! #NÔae/ hir?xaysm! p&iw/vI hir?vpRsm! , Axa?rydœ x/irtae/rœ -Uir/ -aej?n</ yyae?rœ A/Ntrœ hir/z! cr?t! . 3-044-03 j/}a/nae hir?tae/ v&;a/ ivñ/m! Aa -a?it raec/nm! , hyR?ñae/ hir?t< xÄ/ Aayu?x/m! Aa v¿?m! ba/þaerœ hir?m! . 3-044-04 #NÔae? h/yRNt/m! AjuR?n</ v¿<? zu/³Erœ A/-Iv&?tm! , Apa?v&[ae/dœ xir?i-/rœ AiÔ?i-> su/tm! %dœ ga hir?i-rœ Aajt . 3-044-05 3.044.01 May this desirable and gratifying Soma expressed by the stones,by, Indra, for you ascend the verdant chariot, and with your tawny (steeds) come to us. [The su_kta highlights the changes on the derivatives of the root hri, to take; the former su_kta used the root vr.s., shower. haryatah = taking, captivating, desirable; harit, the stone that bruises the Soma; Indra's horses in the dual or plural, are hari, harayah; harit = green; haryas'vah = he who has the horses called hari; haridhayasam = yellow-rayed; harivarpasam = green-coloured]. 3.044.02 Desiring (the Soma), you honour the dawn; desirng the Soma, yu have lighted up the sun; knowing and discriminating (all our wishes), lord of the tawny steeds, you augment upon us all (sorts of) prosperity. 3.044.03 Indra has upheld the yellow-rayed heaven; the verdant tinted earth; there is abundant pasture (for his steeds) in the two azure spheres of heaven and earth, between which Hari travels. 3.044.04 The azure-coloured showerer (of benefits), illumes, as soon as born, the whole luminous region; the lord of the tawny steeds holds in his hands the yellow weapon, the destroying thunderbolt. 3.044.05 Indra has uncovered the desirable white-coloured, fast-flowing Soma, effused by the expressing stones, and overlaid with the shining (milk and other liquids), in like manner as when, borne by his tawny steeds, he rescued the cattle. [Indra discovers or uncovers the hidden Soma; this act was ascribed to Pu_s.an in another text].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: br.hati_

Aa m/NÔErœ #?NÔ/ hir?i-rœ ya/ih m/yUr?raemi-> , ma Tva/ ke ic/n! in y?m/n! iv< na pa/iznae =?it/ xNve?v/ ta#?ih . 3-045-01 v&/Ç/oa/dae v?l<é/j> pu/r¡ d/maˆR A/pam! A/j> , Swata/ rw?Sy/ hyaˆR?rœ Ai-Sv/r #NÔae? †/¦œha ic?dœ Aaé/j> . 3-045-02 g/M-I/ra%?d/xI#?v/ ³tu?m! pu:yis/ ga #?v , à su?gae/pa yv?s< xe/nvae? ywa ÿ/d< k…/Lya #?vazt . 3-045-03 Aa n/s! tuj<? r/iym! -/r¡z</ n à?itjan/te , v&/]m! p/Kvm! )l?m! A/»Iv? xUnu/hINÔ? s/Mpar?[</ vsu? . 3-045-04 Sv/yurœ #?NÔ Sv/ra¦œ A?is/ SmiÎ?iò>/ Svy?zStr> , s va?v&xa/n Aaej?sa puéòut/ -va? n> su/ïv?Stm> . 3-045-05 3.045.01 Come,Indra, with your exulting peacock-haired steeds; let no persons detain you, as (fowlers) throwing snares catch a bird;pass them by (quickly) as (travellers cross) a desert. [Yajus. 20.53; peacock-haired: mayu_ra romabhih, withhair like the feathers of the peacock]. 3.045.02The evourer of Vr.tra, the fracturer of the cloud, the sender of the waters, the demolisher of cities, Indra, the destroyer of powerful enemies, has mounted his chariot to urge his horses to our presence. 3.045.03 You cherish the celebrator of the pious rite as you fill the deep seas (with water); or as a careful herdsman (cherishes) the cows; (you imbibe the Soma) as cows (obtain) fodder, (and the Soma juices) flow into you as rivulets flow into a lake. 3.045.04 Grant us riches, securing (us against foes), (as a father bestows) his portion on (a son) arrived at maturity; send down upon us, Indra, wealth adequate (to our desires), as a crookbringd down the ripe fruit from a tree. 3.045.05 You are possessed of opulence, Indra; you are the lord of heaven, auspicious and renowned; may you who is adored of many, increasing in vigour, be to us a most (bountiful bestower) of food.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

yu/XmSy? te v&;/-Sy? Sv/raj? %/¢Sy/ yUn/ Swiv?rSy/ "&:ve>? , AjU?yRtae v/i¿[ae? vI/yaR[INÔ? ïu/tSy? mh/tae m/hain? . 3-046-01 m/haA?is mih;/ v&:{ye?i-rœ xn/Sp&dœ %?¢/ sh?manae A/Nyan! , @kae/ ivñ?Sy/ -uv?nSy/ raja/ s yae/xya? c ]/yya? c/ jna?n! . 3-046-02 à maÇa?-I irirce/ raec?man>/ à de/vei-?rœ iv/ñtae/ Aà?tIt> , à m/Jmna? id/v #NÔ>? p&iw/Vya> àaeraerœ m/hae A/Ntir?]adœ \jI/;I . 3-046-03 %/é< g?-I/r< j/nu;a/_y! %¢< iv/ñVy?csm! Av/tm! m?tI/nam! , #NÔ</ saema?s> à/idiv? su/tas>? smu/Ô< n ö/vt/ Aa iv?ziNt . 3-046-04 y< saem?m! #NÔ p&iw/vI*ava/ g-¡/ n ma/ta ib?-&/ts! Tva/ya , t< te? ihNviNt/ tm! %? te m&jNTy! AXv/yRvae? v&;-/ pat/va %? . 3-046-05 3.046.01 Vast are the energies of you, Indra, the warrior, (the showerer of benefits), the lord of wealth, the fierce; who is (both) young and old; the overcomer of foes, the undecaying, the wielder of the thunderbolt, and who is mighty and renowned. 3.046.02 Adorable and powerful Indra, you are great and magnificent, overcoming adversaries by your prowess; you alone are lord of all the world; do you war (upon our enemies), and give safe dwellings to men. 3.046.03 The resplendent and every way unlimited Indra, drinking the spiritless Soma, far surpasses the elements, (far exceeds) the gods in power; he is more vast than heaven and earth, or the widespread spacious firmament. 3.046.04 The Soma daily poured out enter into the vast and profund Indra, fierce from his birth, all-pervading, the protector of the pious (worshipper), as rivers flow into the sea. 3.046.05 Which Soma, Indra, the heaven and earth, containing for you, as a mother contains the embryo; showerer (of benefits), the priests pour it out for you they purify it for your drinking.

r.s.i:vis'va_mitra ga_dhina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

m/éTva?#NÔ v&;/-ae r[a?y/ ipba/ saem?m! Anu:v/xm! mda?y , Aa is?ÂSv j/Qre/ mXv? ^/im¡ Tv< raja?is à/idv>? su/tana?m! . 3-047-01 s/jae;a? #NÔ/ sg?[ae m/éiÑ>/ saem?m! ipb v&Ç/ha zU?r iv/Öan! , j/ih zÇU/Ap/ m&xae? nud/Svawa-?y< k«[uih iv/ñtae? n> . 3-047-02 %/t \/tui-?rœ \tupa> paih/ saem/m! #NÔ? de/vei->/ sio?i-> su/t< n>? , yaAa-?jae m/étae/ ye TvaNv! Ah?n! v&/Çm! Ad?xu/s! tu_y/m! Aaej>? . 3-047-03 ye Tva?ih/hTye? m"v/Ú! Av?xR/n! ye za?Mb/re h?irvae/ ye giv?òaE , ye Tva? nU/nm! A?nu/md?iNt/ ivàa>/ ipbe?NÔ/ saem</ sg?[ae m/éiÑ>? . 3-047-04 m/éTv?Nt< v&;/-< va?v&xa/nm! Ak?vair< id/Vy< za/sm! #NÔ?m! , iv/ña/sah/m! Av?se/ nUt?nayae/¢< s?hae/dam! #/h t< ÷?vem . 3-047-05 3.047.01 Indra, attended by the Maruts, the showerer (of benefits), drink the Soma offered after the other presentations, for your exhilaration for battle; take into your belly the (full) wave of the inebriating (Soma), for you are lord of libations from the days of old. [Yajus. 7.38 has prati_pah for pradivah; prati_pah = first andother lunar days, or tithis, until the full moon, during which offerings of Soma are daily presented]. 3.047.02 Indra, hero, rejoicing with and accompanied by the host of Maruts, drink the Soma, for you are the slayer of Vr.tra the sage; subdue our enemies, drive away the malevolent, make us safe on every side from peril. [Yajus. 7.37; drive away the malevolent: apanudasva mr.dhah = drive away all those who are engaged in battle, i.e. enemies; or keep off from us battles; mr.dh = war, battle, san:gra_ma]. 3.047.03 Drinker of the Soma in season, drink with your divine friend the Maruts the Soma that is presented by us; those Maruts whose aid you have enjoyed (in battle), and who, following you have given you the strength whereby you have slain Vr.tra. 3.047.04 They who encouraged you, Maghavan, to slay Ahi, who (aided you) in the conflict with S'ambara, and in the recovery of the cattle, and who, possessed of wisdom, contribute verily to your exhilaration, with them, the troop of the maruts, do you Indra, drink the Soma. 3.047.05 We invoke to this sacrifice for present protection Indra, the chief of the Maruts, the showerer (of benefits) augmenting (in glory), overcoming many foes, divine regulator (of good and ill), the subduer of all (enemies), the fierce, the bestower of strength.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

s/*ae h? ja/tae v&?;/-> k/nIn>/ à-?tuRm! Aav/dœ ANx?s> su/tSy? , sa/xae> ip?b àitka/m< ywa? te/ rsa?izr> àw/m< sae/MySy? . 3-048-01 yj! jay?wa/s! tdœ Ah?rœ ASy/ kame? =/&ltzae> pI/yU;?m! Aipbae igir/óam! , t< te? ma/ta pir/ yae;a/ jin?ÇI m/h> ip/turœ dm/ Aais?Â/dœ A¢e? . 3-048-02 %/p/Sway? ma/tr/m! AÚ?m! @e it/Gmm! A?pZydœ A/i- saem/m! ^x>? , à/ya/vy?Ú! Acr/dœ g&Tsae? A/Nyan! m/hain? c³e pué/xà?tIk> . 3-048-03 %/¢s! tu?ra/;a¦œ A/i--U?Tyaeja ywav/z< t/Nv< c³ @/;> , Tvòa?r/m! #NÔae? j/nu;a?i-/-Uya/mu:ya/ saem?m! Aipbc! c/mU;u? . 3-048-04 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-048-05 3.048.01 May the showerer (of rain), who, as soon as born, is the object of affection, protect the offerer of the effused libation; drink at will, Indra, before (the other gods), of the pure Soma mixed with milk. 3.048.02 On the day on which you were born, you did drink at will the mountain-abiding nectar of this Soma, for your youthful parent mother (Aditi), in the dwelling of your great sire (Kas'yapa), gave it to you before she gave the breast. 3.048.03 Approaching his mother he asked for food, and beheld the acrid Soma upon her bosom; eager he proceeds, dislodging the adversaries (of the gods); and, putting forth manifold (energy), he performed great (deeds). 3.048.04 Fierce, rapid in assault, of overpowering strength he made his form obedient to his will; having overcome Tvas.t.a_ by his innate (vigour), and carried off the Soma, he draink it (deposited) in the ladles. [Made his form obedient to his will: According to su_kta 3.8, ru_pam ru_pam maghavan bobhavi_ti, Maghavan is repeatedy of various forms; he can take what form he wills]. 3.048.05 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra, distinguished in this combat, the leader in the food-bestowing (strife), hearing (our praises), terrible in battles, the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

z&ltsa? m/ham! #NÔ</ yiSm/n! ivña/ Aa k«/òy>? saem/pa> kam/m! AVy?n! , y< su/³tu<? ix/;[e? iv_vt/ò< "/n< v&/Ça[a<? j/ny?Nt de/va> . 3-049-01 y< nu nik>/ p&t?nasu Sv/raj<? iÖ/ta tr?it/ n&t?m< hir/óam! , #/nt?m>/ sTv?i-/rœ yae h? zU/;E> p&?wu/¿ya? Aimna/dœ Aayu/rœ dSyae>? . 3-049-02 s/hava? p&/Tsu t/ri[/rœ navaR? Vyan/zI raed?sI me/hna?van! , -gae/ n ka/re hVyae? mtI/nam! ip/tev/ caé>? su/hvae? vyae/xa> . 3-049-03 x/taR id/vae rj?ss! p&/ò ^/XvaˆR rwae/ n va/yurœ vsu?i-rœ in/yuTva?n! , ]/pa< v/Sta j?in/ta sUyR?Sy/ iv-?­a -a/g< ix/;[e?v/ vaj?m! . 3-049-04 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-049-05 3.049.01 I glorify the mighty Indra, in whom all men, drinking the Soma, obtain their wishes; whom the powerful (heaven and earth) and the gods begot, the doer of great deeds, the slayer of the Vr.tras, who was fashioned by Vibhu (the creator). [Fashioned by Vibha: vibhvatas.t.am = appointed by Brahma for the government of the world, jagada_dhipatye brahman.a_ stha_pitam]. 3.049.02 Whom, when borne by his steeds, foremost and eminent in battles, breaking in two the (hostile host), no one ever surpasses; supreme in a way, attended by his faithful Maruts, and hastening to combat, he has destroyed with foe-withering (energies) the existence of the Dasyu. 3.049.03 Vigorous, rushing through (hostile hosts), like a war-horse, he has pervaded heaven and earth, sending down rain; he is to be worshipped with oblations at the solemn (rite) like Bhaga; he is as the father of those who adore (him); he is beautiful, worthy of invocation, the bestower of food. 3.049.04 The upholder of heaven and of the firmament, the wind, like a chariot traversing the upper (region) accompanied by the Vasus; the clother of the night (with gloom), the parent of the sun, the distributor of the portion (allotted to the pious), like the words (of the wealthy appropriating to all) the food. [pris.t.ah u_rdhvo ratho na va_yur vasubhir niyutva_n: indra is also designated here as va_yu; the vasus are said to be the maruts; another explanation: as, va_yu, having the niyuts for his steeds, moves like a chariot on high, so does Indra, accompanied by the Maruts]. 3.049.05 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra, distinguished in this combat, the leader in the food-bestowing (strife), hearing (our praises), terrible in battles, the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up

#NÔ>/ Svaha? ipbtu/ ySy/ saem? Aa/gTya/ tuèae? v&;/-ae m/éTva?n! , Aaeé/Vyca>? p&[tam! @/i-rœ AÚE/rœ AaSy? h/ivs! t/Nv> kam?m! \Xya> . 3-050-01 Aa te? sp/yUR j/vse? yuniJm/ yyae/rœ Anu? à/idv>? ïu/iòm! Aav>? , #/h Tva? xeyu/rœ hr?y> suizà/ ipba/ Tv! ASy su;u?tSy/ carae>? . 3-050-02 gaei-?rœ imim/]u< d?ixre supa/rm! #NÔ</ JyEó(a?y/ xay?se g&[a/na> , m/Nda/n> saem?m! pip/va\?jIi;/n! sm! A/Sm_y?m! pué/xa ga #?;{y . 3-050-03 #/m< kam?m! mNdya/ gaei-/rœ AñE?z! c/NÔv?ta/ rax?sa p/àw?z! c , Sv/yRvae? m/iti-/s! tu_y</ ivàa/ #NÔa?y/ vah>? k…iz/kasae? A³n! . 3-050-04 zu/n< ÷?vem m/"va?n/m! #NÔ?m! A/iSmn! -re/ n&t?m</ vaj?sataE , z&/{vNt?m! %/¢m! ^/tye? s/mTsu/ ¹Nt<? v&/Çai[? s</ijt</ xna?nam! . 3-050-05 3.050.01 May Indra drink the libation; he of whom is the Soma, having come to the sacrifice; he who is the repeller (of adversaries), the showerer (of benefits), the lord of the Maruts; may he, the wide-pervading, be pleased with these (sacrificial) viands; may the oblation be adequate to the wants of his body. 3.050.02 I yoke (to your car), to bring you quickly, your two docile horses, whose speed you have of old employed; may your horses, handsome Indra, bring you hither, and drink promptly of this well-effused agreeable libation. 3.050.03 His adorers support with cattle, Indra, who is willing to bestow upon them their desires, and ready to come to the sacrifice, for the sake of obtaining eminent prosperity and prolonged life; acceptor of the spiritless Soma, who are the drinker of the Soma, and are exhilarated (by the draught), grant to us freely cattle in abundance. 3.050.04 Gratify this our desire (of wealth) with cows, with horses, with shining treasure, and make us renowned; the wise Kus'ikas, desirous of heaven, offer praise of you, Indra, with pious (prayers). 3.050.05 We invoke for our protection the opulent Indra, distinguished in this combat, the leader in the food-bestowing (strife), hearing (our praises), terrible in battles, the destroyer of foes, the conqueror of wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up, 1-3 jagati_, 10-12 ga_yatri_

c/;R/[I/x&t?m! m/"va?nm! %/KWym! #NÔ</ igrae? b&h/tIrœ A/_y! AnU;t , va/v&/xa/nm! pu?éø/t< su?v&/i­i-/rœ Am?Ty¡/ jr?ma[< id/ve-id?ve . 3-051-01 z/t³?tum! A[R/v< za/ikn</ nr</ igrae? m/ #NÔ/m! %p? yiNt iv/ñt>? , va/j/sin?m! pU/i-Rd</ tUi[R?m! A/Ýur<? xam/sac?m! Ai-/;ac<? Sv/ivRd?m! . 3-051-02 Aa/k/re vsae?rœ jir/ta p?nSyte =ne/hs/ Stu-/ #NÔae? ÊvSyit , iv/vSv?t>/ sd?n/ Aa ih ip?ià/ye s?Ça/sah?m! Ai-mait/hn<? Stuih . 3-051-03 n&/[am! %? Tva/ n&t?m< gI/i-Rrœ %/KwErœ A/i- à vI/rm! A?cRta s/bax>? , s< sh?se puéma/yae ij?hIte/ nmae? ASy à/idv/ @k? $ze . 3-051-04 pU/vIrœ A?Sy in/i:;xae/ mTyˆR?;u pu/ê vsU?in p&iw/vI ib?-itR , #NÔa?y/ *av/ Aae;?xIrœ %/tapae? r/iy< r?]iNt jI/ryae/ vna?in . 3-051-05 tu_y/m! äüa?i[/ igr? #NÔ/ tu_y<? s/Ça d?ixre hirvae ju/;Sv? , bae/Xy! Aaiprœ Av?sae/ nUt?nSy/ soe? vsae jir/t&_yae/ vyae? xa> . 3-051-06 #NÔ? méTv #/h pa?ih/ saem</ ywa? zayaR/te Aip?b> su/tSy? , tv/ à[I?tI/ tv? zUr/ zmR/Ú! Aa iv?vasiNt k/vy>? suy/}a> . 3-051-07 s va?vza/n #/h pa?ih/ saem?m! m/éiÑ?rœ #NÔ/ sio?i-> su/t< n>? , ja/t< yt! Tva/ pir? de/va A-U?;n! m/he -ra?y puéøt/ ivñe? . 3-051-08 A/ÝUyˆR? mét Aa/iprœ @/;ae =?mNd/Ú! #NÔ/m! Anu/ dait?vara> , tei->? sa/km! ip?btu v&Çoa/d> su/t< saem<? da/zu;>/ Sve s/xSwe? . 3-051-09 #/d< ý! ANv! Aaej?sa su/t< ra?xanam! pte , ipba/ Tv! ASy ig?vR[> . 3-051-10 ys! te/ Anu? Sv/xam! As?t! su/te in y?CD t/Nvm! , s Tva? mmÄu sae/Mym! . 3-051-11 à te? Aîaetu k…/úyae> àeNÔ/ äü?[a/ izr>? , à ba/ø zU?r/ rax?se . 3-051-12 3.051.01 Let abundant praises celebrate Indra, the stay of man, the possessor of opulence, the adorable, prospering with increase, the invoked of many, the immortal, who is daily to be propitiated with sacred hymns. 3.051.02 My praises constantly propitiate Indra, the object of many rites, the sender of rain, attended by the Maruts, the leader (of all), the giver of food, the destroyer of cities, the swift (in combat), the prompt (dispenser) of waters, the distributor of riches, the subduer of foes, the conferrer of heaven. 3.051.03 Indra, the enfeebler (of adversaries), is praised as a mine of wealth; he is propitiated by righteous commendations; he is gratified in the dwelling of the offerer of oblations; glorify Indra, the conqueror, the destroyer of his enemies. [As a mine of wealth: a_kare vasoh = he is praised to procure his aid in battle, which when successful, is the source of wealth or booty; a_ki_ryate yuddha_rtham dhanam atra itya_karo yuddhak, he is celebrated for the sake of war, for therein is wealth, therefore, a_kara is the same as yuddha; or, vasoh jarayita_ = weakener of the foe, vasu here meaning enemy]. 3.051.04 The priests glorify you, heroic leader of men, with praises and with prayers; Indra, the author of many delusions, exerts himself for (the acquisition of) strength; he from of old is the lord of this (oblation). 3.051.05 Many are his prohibitions (against evil enjoined) to men; many are the treasures that the earth enshrines; for Indra the heavens, the plants, the waters, men and priests, preserve their riches. [Many are his prohibitions: purvi_r asya nis.idho martyes.u = na_na_ praka_ra_n.i anus'a_sana_ni, various kinds of commands or regulations; in RV. 1.95, puru_n.is. idha = repeller of many foes; in both cases the substantive is fr. s.idh, to succeed, to go, with the proposition nir, out, ex, to exclude to prohibit]. 3.051.06 To you, Indra, (the pious) address prayers, and praises, and sacrifices; accept them, lord of horses; give all things, partake of this present oblation, and grant food to the worshippers. 3.051.07 Indra, accompanied, by the Maruts, drink the Soma at this ceremony as you have drunk of this libation of the son of S'a_rya_ti; your far-reaching and devout worshippers, being in security, adore you through their offerings. [S'a_rva_ti: RV. 1.051.12; Yasus. 7.35; being in security: tava s'arman a viva_santi, they worship you in the security, or unassailable place, dependent on, or protected by you, tavasambandhini s'armani nirba_dhastha_ne stitha_h; s'arman = sukha-nimitte, for the sake of happiness; or, yajn~a-gr.ha, the chamber of sacrifice]. 3.051.08 Do you, Indra, who is gratified by the Soma, drink the Soma that has been effused by us, together with your friends, the Maruts, at this ceremony; you who is invoked of many, and whom all the gods equipped as soon as born for the great battle (with the asuras). 3.051.09 Maruts, this is your friend for sending of the waters; they (the Maruts), the givers of strength, have yielded Indra gratification; may the devourer of Vr.tra drink with them the libation offered by the worshipper in his abode. 3.051.10 Lord of riches, entitled to praise, this libation has been effused agreeably to (our) strength; do you drink of it quickly. 3.051.11 Invigorate your body with the Soma that has been poured out as food for you; may it exhilarate you, delighting in the Soma draught. 3.051.12 May this libation, Indra, penetrate to your flanks; may it, (aided) by prayer, reach your head; may it spread, hero, through your arms, (that they may distribute) wealth.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra; chanda: tris.t.up; 1-4 ga_yatri_, 6 jagati_

xa/nav?Nt< kr/iM-[?m! ApU/pv?Ntm! %/iKwn?m! , #NÔ? àa/trœ ju?;Sv n> . 3-052-01 pu/rae/¦az?m! pc/Ty< ju/;Sve/NÔa gu?rSv c , tu_y<? h/Vyain? isöte . 3-052-02 pu/rae/¦az<? c nae/ "sae? jae/;ya?se/ igr?z! c n> , v/xU/yurœ #?v/ yae;?[am! . 3-052-03 pu/rae/¦az<? snïut àat&gtsa/ve ju?;Sv n> , #NÔ/ ³tu/rœ ih te? b&/hn! . 3-052-04 maXy<?idnSy/ sv?nSy xa/na> pu?rae/¦az?m! #NÔ k«:ve/h caé?m! , à yt! Stae/ta j?ir/ta tU{yR?waˆR v&;a/yma?[/ %p? gI/i-Rrœ $e? . 3-052-05 t&/tIye? xa/na> sv?ne puéòut purae/¦az/m! Aa÷?tm! mamhSv n> , \/-u/mNt</ vaj?vNt< Tva kve/ ày?SvNt/ %p? iz]em xI/iti->? . 3-052-06 pU/;/{vte? te ck«ma kr/M-< hir?vte/ hyR?ñay xa/na> , A/pU/pm! A?iÏ/ sg?[ae m/éiÑ>/ saem?m! ipb v&Ç/ha zU?r iv/Öan! . 3-052-07 àit? xa/na -?rt/ tUy?m! ASmE purae/¦az<? vI/rt?may n&/[am! , id/ve-id?ve s/†zI?rœ #NÔ/ tu_y</ vxR?Ntu Tva saem/peya?y x&:[ae . 3-052-08 3.052.01 Accept, Indra, at our morning sacrifice, this libation, combined with fresh barley, with parched grain and curds, and with cakes, and sanctified by holy prayer. [Yajus. 20.29]. 3.052.02 Accept, Indra, the prepared cakes and butter; eat them eagerly; the oblations flow for you. 3.052.03 Eat, Indra, our (offered) cakes and butter, derive enjoyment from our praises, as a lover from his mistress. [As a lover from his mistress: vadhu_yur iva yos.an.a_m, as one fond of women, a libertine, enjoys a youthful female]. 3.052.04 Indra, renowned of old, accept our cakes and butter, offered at dawn; for great are your deeds. 3.052.05 Partake, Indra, of the barley and the delicious cakes and butter of the midday sacrifice, when your zealous worshipper, hastening to adore you, and eager as a bull, is present, and celebrates (yo) with hymns. 3.052.06 Indra, who is praised of many, accept readily from our friend of barley, and cakes, and butter, offered at the third (or evening) sacrifice; ladenwith sacrificial viands, we approach with praises to your sage Indra, who is accompanied by the r.bhus and by Va_ja. 3.052.07 We have prepared the parched grain and curds for you, associated with Pu_s.an; the fried barley for you, lord of the tawny horses, associated with your steeds; attend by the troop of Maruts, eat the cakes; hero, who is wise, and the slayer of Vr.tra, drink the libation. 3.052.08 Offer to him quickly (priests) the fried barley; offer to the most heroic of leaders the cakes and butter; may the like offerings, victorious Indra, presented to you daily, augment your vigour for the drinking of the Soma.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: indra, 1 indra and parvata, 15,16 va_k (sasarpari_), 17-20 ratha_n:ga, 21-24 indra and abhis'a_pa; chanda: tris.t.up,10,16 jagati_, 13 ga_yatri_, 12, 20,22 anus.t.up, 18 br.hati_

#NÔa?pvRta b&h/ta rwe?n va/mIrœ #;/ Aa v?ht< su/vIra>? , vI/t< h/VyaNy! A?Xv/re;u? deva/ vxˆR?wa< gI/i-Rrœ #¦?ya/ md?Nta . 3-053-01 itóa/ su k?m! m"v/n! ma pra? ga>/ saem?Sy/ nu Tva/ su;u?tSy yi] , ip/turœ n pu/Ç> isc/m! Aa r?-e t/ #NÔ/ Svaid?óya ig/ra z?cIv> . 3-053-02 z&ltsa?vaXvyaˆR/ àit? me g&[I/hINÔa?y/ vah>? k«[vav/ juò?m! , @dm! b/ihRrœ yj?manSy sI/dawa? c -Udœ %/Kwm! #NÔa?y z/Stm! . 3-053-03 ja/yedœ ASt?m! m"v/n! sedœ %/ yaein/s! tdœ #t! Tva? yu/­a hr?yae vhNtu , y/da k/da c? su/nva?m/ saem?m! A/i¶;! qœva? Ë/tae x?Nva/Ty! ACD? . 3-053-04 pra? yaih m"v/Ú! Aa c? ya/hINÔ? æatrœ %-/yÇa? te/ AwR?m! , yÇa/ rw?Sy b&h/tae in/xan<? iv/maec?n< va/ijnae/ ras?-Sy . 3-053-05 Apa>/ saem/m! ASt?m! #NÔ/ à ya?ih kLya/[Irœ ja/ya su/r¡? g&/he te? , yÇa/ rw?Sy b&h/tae in/xan<? iv/maec?n< va/ijnae/ di]?[avt! . 3-053-06 #/me -ae/ja Ai¼?rsae/ ivê?pa id/vs! pu/Çasae/ Asu?rSy vI/ra> , iv/ñaim?Çay/ dd?tae m/"ain? shösa/ve à it?rNt/ Aayu>? . 3-053-07 ê/p<-ê?pm! m/"va? bae-vIit ma/ya> k«?{va/ns! t/Nvm! pir/ Svam! , iÇrœ ydœ id/v> pir? muø/tRm! Aaga/t! SvErœ mÙE/rœ An&?tupa \/tava? . 3-053-08 m/ha\i;?rœ dev/ja de/vjU/tae =?Ståa/t! isNxu?m! A[R/v< n&/c]a>? , iv/ñaim?Çae/ ydœ Av?ht! su/das/m! Aià?yayt k…iz/kei-/rœ #NÔ>? . 3-053-09 h</sa #?v k«[uw/ ðaek/m! AiÔ?i-/rœ md?Ntae gI/i-Rrœ A?Xv/re su/te sca? , de/vei-?rœ ivàa \;yae n&c]sae/ iv ip?bXv< k…izka> sae/Mym! mxu? . 3-053-10 %p/ àet? k…izkaz! ce/ty?Xv/m! Añ<? ra/ye à mu?Âta su/das>? , raja? v&/Ç< j?'œ"n/t! àag! Apa/g! %d/g! Awa? yjate/ vr/ Aa p&?iw/Vya> . 3-053-11 y #/me raed?sI %/-e A/hm! #NÔ/m! Atu?òvm! , iv/ñaim?ÇSy r]it/ äüe/dm! -ar?t</ jn?m! . 3-053-12 iv/ñaim?Ça Arast/ äüeNÔa?y v/i¿[e? , kr/dœ #n! n>? su/rax?s> . 3-053-13 ik< te? k«{viNt/ kIk?qe;u/ gavae/ naizr<? Ê/ÿe n t?piNt "/mRm! , Aa nae? -r/ àm?gNdSy/ vedae? nEcaza/om! m?"vn! rNxya n> . 3-053-14 s/s/pR/rIrœ Am?it/m! bax?mana b&/hn! im?may j/md?i¶dÄa , Aa sUyR?Sy Êih/ta t?tan/ ïvae? de/ve:v! A/m&t?m! Aju/yRm! . 3-053-15 s/s/pR/rIrœ A?-r/t! tUy?m! @/_yae =?ix/ ïv>/ paÂ?jNyasu k«/iò;u? , sa p/úya nVy/m! Aayu/rœ dxa?na/ yam! me? pliStjmd/¶yae? d/Ê> . 3-053-16 iSw/raE gavaE? -vta< vI/¦urœ A]ae/ me;a iv v?ihR/ ma yu/g< iv za?ir , #NÔ>? pat/Lye ddta</ zrI?tae/rœ Air?òneme A/i- n>? scSv . 3-053-17 bl<? xeih t/nU;u? nae/ bl?m! #NÔan/¦uTsu? n> , bl<? tae/kay/ tn?yay jI/vse/ Tv< ih b?l/da Ais? . 3-053-18 A/i- Vy?ySv oid/rSy/ sar/m! Aaejae? xeih SpNd/ne iz</zpa?yam! , A]? vI¦ae vIi¦t vI/¦y?Sv/ ma yama?dœ A/Smadœ Av? jIihpae n> . 3-053-19 A/ym! A/Sman! vn/Spit/rœ ma c/ ha ma c? rIir;t! , Sv/STy! Aa g&/he_y/ Aav/sa Aa iv/maec?nat! . 3-053-20 #NÔae/iti-?rœ b÷/lai-?rœ nae A/* ya?CD+@/óai-?rœ m"v|! DUr ijNv , yae nae/ Öeò(! Ax?r>/ ss! p?dIò/ ym! %? iÖ/:ms! tm! %? àa/[ae j?hatu . 3-053-21 p/r/zu< ic/dœ iv t?pit izMb/l< ic/dœ iv v&?íit , %/oa ic?dœ #NÔ/ ye;?NtI/ ày?Sta/ )en?m! ASyit . 3-053-22 n say?kSy icikte jnasae lae/x< n?yiNt/ pzu/ mNy?mana> , nava?ijn< va/ijna? hasyiNt/ n g?dR/-m! pu/rae Aña?n! nyiNt . 3-053-23 #/m #?NÔ -r/tSy? pu/Ça A?pip/Tv< ic?iktu/rœ n à?ip/Tvm! , ih/NvNTy! Añ/m! Ar?[</ n inTy</ Jyavaj/m! pir? [yNTy! Aa/jaE . 3-053-24 3.053.01 Indra and Parvata, bring hither, in a spacious car, delightful viands (generative of) good progeny; partake, deities, of the oblations (offered)at (our) sacrifices, and gratified by the (sacrificial) food, be elevated by our praises. 3.053.02 Tarry a while contentedly, Maghavan (at our rite); go not away; for I offer to you (the libation) of the copiously-effused Soma; powerful Indra, I lay hold of the skirts (of your robe) with sweet-flavoured commendations, as a son (clings to the garment) of a father. 3.053.03 Adhvaryu, let us two offer praise; do you concur with me; let us address pleasing praise to Indra; sit down, Indra, on the sacred grass (prepared by) the institutor of the rite; and may our commendations be most acceptable to Indra. [Do you concur with me: prati me gr.n.i_hi; the Hota_ is supposed to speak to Adhvaryu to direct their joint performance of some part of the ceremony]. 3.053.04 A man's wife, Maghavan, is hiw dwelling; verily she is his place of birth; thither let your horses, harnessed (to your car), convey you; we prepare the Soma at the fit season; may Agni come as our messenger befor eyou. [His place of birth: ja_ya_ id astam sedu yonih: astam = gr.ham (gr.hin.i_ gr.ham ucyate iti smr.teh; na gr.ham gr.hamisya_hurgr.hi.n.o gr.hamucyate)]. 3.053.05 Depart, Maghavan; come Indra; both ways, protector, there is a motive for you whether it be standing in your vast chariot, or liberating your neighing steed. [Both ways: ubhayatra te artham: Indra's wife awaits his return, the Soma libation invites his stay; protectorL bhra_ta_ = lit., brother; but here explained as pos.aka, nourisher]. 3.053.06 When you have drunk the Soma, then, Indra, go home; an auspicious life (abides) pleasantly in your dwelling; in either (case) there is the standing in your car or liberating the steeds for provender. 3.053.07 These (sacrificers) are the Bhojas, of whom the diversified An:girasas (are the priests); and the heroic sons of the expeller (of the foes of the gods) from heaven, bestowing riches upon Vis'va_mitra at the sacrifice of a thousand (victims), prolong (his) life. [These sacrificers are the Bhojas: ime bhoja_ an:giraso viru_pa_: bhoja_ = ks.atriya descendants of Suda_s, suda_sah ks.atriya, ya_gam kurva_n.ah, instituting the sacrifice at which the latter, Medha_tithi, and the rest of the race of an:giras were their ya_jakas, or officiating priests; the expeller: rudra, his sons are the maruts; sacrifice of a thousand victims: sahasrasave = the as'vamedha]. 3.053.08 Maghavan becomes repeatedly (manifest) in various forms, practising delusions with respect to his own peculiar person; and invoked by his appropriate prayers, he comes in a moment from heaven to the three (daily rites), and, although observant of seasons, is the drinker (of the Soma) irrespective of season. 3.053.09 The great r.s.i the generator of the gods, the attracted by the deities, the overlooker of the leaders (at holy rites), Vis'va_mitra attested the watery stream when he sacrificed for Suda_s; Indra, with the Kus'ikas was pleased. [The generator of the gods: devaja_h = the generator of radiances or energies, tejasa_m janayita_; arrested the watery stream: astabhna_t sindhum arn.avam: he is said to have stoped the current of the confluence of the vipa_s/a_ and s'utudri rivers; indra with the kus'ikas was pleased: apriyayata kus'ikebhir Indra = kus'ikagotrotpannair r.s.ibhih saha, with the r.s.is of the kus'ika lineage, or it might be rendered, pleased by the Kus'ikas]. 3.053.10 Sages and saints overlookers of the leaders (of sacred rites), Kus'ikas, when the Soma is expresssed with stones at the sacrifice, then exhilarating (the gods) with praises, sing the holy strain (aloud) like (screaming) swans, and, together with the gods, drink the sweet juice of the Soma. 3.053.11 Approach, Kus'ikas, the steed of Suda_s; animate (him), and let him loose to (win) riches (for the raja); for the king (of the gods) has slain Vr.tra in the East, in the West, in the North, therefore let (Suda_s) worship him in the best (regions) of the earth. 3.053.12 I have made Indra glorified by these two, heaven and earth, and this prayer of Vis'va_mitra protects the race of Bharata. [Made Indra glorified: indram atus.t.avam-- the verb is the third preterite of the casual, I have caused to be praised; it may mean: I praise Indra, abiding between heaven and earth, i.e. in the firmament]. 3.053.13 The Vis'va_mitras have addressed the prayer to Indra, the wielder of the thunderbolt; may he therefore render us very opulent. [The Vis'va_mitras: The bharatas, or descendants of Bharata, are descendants of Vis'va_mitra; Bharata is the son of S'akuntala_, the daughter of the sage, Visva_mitra (Maha_bha_rata A_diparva); Vasis.t.ha is the family priest of the Bharats and was the restorer to dominion from which they had been expelled by the Pan~ca_las]. 3.053.14 What do the cattle for you among the Ki_kat.as; they yield no milk to mix with the Soma, they need not the vessel (for the libation); bring them to us; (bring also) the wealth of the son of the usurer, and give us Maghavan, (the possessions) of the low branches (of the community). [The Ki_kat.as: (Nirukta 6.32) are people who do not perform worship, who are infidels, na_stikas; in countrie sinhabited by ana_ryas (ki_kat.a_ na_ma des'ona_ryaniva_sah); na tapanti gharma_n.i: harmyam = a house; gharma_n.i = a vessel termed maha_vi_ra used at the rite called pragr.hya: pragr.h ya_khya_ karmopa yuktam maha_vi_rapa_tram, which the cattle do not warm by yielding their milk to it; usurer: a_ bhara pramagandasya vedas: maganda = kusidin, or usurer, one who says to himself, the money that goes from me will come back doubled, and pra = a patronymic; low branches of the community: naica_s'a_kham, that which belongs to a low (ni_ca) branch, or class (s'a_kha); the posterity born of S'u_dras and the like]. 3.053.15 The daughter of Su_rya given by Jamadagni gliding everywhere and dissipating ignorance, has emitted a mighty (sound), and has diffused ambrosial imperishable food among the gods. [Given by Jamadagni: jamadagni datta_ = given by the r.s;is maintaining a blazing jamat-jvalat, fire, agni; mighty sound: the sound of thunder or the like in the sky; food among the gods: as the prayers or exclamation which accompanies the burnt offering]. 3.053.16 May she, gliding everywhere, quickly bring us food (suited) to the five races of men; may she, the daughter of the sun whom the grey-haired jamadagnis gave to me, (be) the bestower of new life. [Five races of men: pan~cajanya_su kr.s.t.is.u: five distinctions are restricted to human beings; hence, the reference may be to four castes and barbarians; daughter of the sun: paks.ya_, the daughter of Paks.a: paks.a nirva_hakasya, the distributor of the parts (of the year?), i.e. su_ryasya, of the sun; bestower of new life: navyam a_yur dadha_na, having new life or food: mama kurvan.a_ bhavatu]. 3.053.17 May the horse be steady, the axle be strong, the pole be not defective, the yoke not be rotten; may Indra preserve the two yoke-pins from decay; car with uninjured felloes, be ready for us. [The horses: ga_vau gaccheta iti ga_vau as'vau: ga_va_ implies those who go, or, in this place, horses; car be ready for us: Vis'va_mitra being about to depart from the sacrifice of Suda_s, invokes good fortune for his conveyance]. 3.053.18 Give strength, Indra, to our bodies; give strength to our vehicles; (give) strength to our sons and grandsons; that they may live (long); for you are giver of strength. 3.053.19 Fix firmly the substance of the khayar (axle), give solidity to the s'is'u (floor) of the car; strong axle, strongly fixed by us, be strong; cast us not from out of our conveyance. [khayar and s'is'u: khadirasya sa_ram is the text; khadira = mimosa catechu of which the bolt of the axle is made; while the s'im.s'apa, dalbergia sisu furnishes wood for the floor; these are still timber-trees in common use]. 3.053.20 May this lord of the forest never desert us nor do us harm; may we travel prosperously home until the stopping (of the car), until the unharnessing (of the steeds). [This lord of the forest: vanaspati, i.e. the timber of which the car is made]. 3.053.21 Indra, hero,possessor of wealth, protect us this day against our foes with many and excellent defences; may the vile wretch who hates us fall (before us); may the breath of life depart from him whom we hate. 3.053.22 As (the tree) suffers pain from the axe, as the s'imbal flower is (easily) cut off, as the injured cauldron leaking scatters foam, so may mine enemy perish. [The ellipse: as the tree is cut down by the axe, so may the enemy be cut down; as one cuts off without difficulty the flower of the s'imbal, so may he be destroyed; as the ukha_ (cauldron) when struck (prahata), and thence leaking (yes.anti_, sravanti_), scatters foam or breath from its mouth, so (dves.t.a madi_ya, mantra sa_marthyena prahatah san, phenam mukha_d udgirtu), may that hater, struck by the power of my prayer vomit foam fromhis mouth]. 3.053.23 Men, (the might) of the destroyer is not known toyou; regarding him as a mere animal, they lead him away desirous (silently to complete his devotions); the wise condescend not to turn the foolish into ridicule, they do not lead the ass before the horse. [Legend: Vis'va_mitra was seized and bound by the followers of Vasis.t.ha, when observing a vow of silence. These were the reflections of the sage on the occasion: disparaging the rivalry of Vasis.t.ha with himself, as if between an ass and a horse: sa_yakasya = of an arrow;here explained, to destroy, avasa_naka_rin.ah; lodham nayanti = they lead the sage; lodha = fr. lubdham, desirous that his penance might not be frustrated, tapasah ks.ayo ma_ bhu_d iti, lobhena tus.n.i_m sthitam r.s.im pas'um manyama_na, thinking the r.s.i silent through his desire, to be an animal, i.e., stupid; another interpretation in Nirukta:lubdham r.s.im nayanti pas'um manyama_nah, they take away the desiring r.s.i, thinking him an animal; na ava_jinam va_jina_ ha_sayanti: va_jina = fr. vac, speed, with ina affix; interpreted as srvajn~a, all knowing; the contrary avajina = mu_rkha, a fool]. 3.053.24 These sons of Bharata, Indra, understand severance (from the Vasis.t.has), not association (with them); they urge their steeds (against them) as against a constant foe; they bear a stout bow (for their destruction) in battle. [Sons of Bharata: descendants of Vis'va_mitra whose enmity to the lineage of Vasis.t.ha is here expressed; the enmity reportedly occurred  on account of Vis'va_mitra's disciple the Ra_ja_ suda_s; Anukraman.ika_ states that Vasis.t.has hear not the  inimical imprecations: antya abhis'aparthas ta vasis.t.adevas.in.yah na vasis.t.hah s'r.n.vanti; Niruktam: sa vasis.t.hadves.i_ r.k-aham ca kapis.thalo vasi.s.hah atas tana nirbravi_mi, this and the previous verse are inimical to the Vasis.t.has and he is of the race of Vasis.t.ha, of the Kapis.t.hala branch].

r.s.i: praja_pati vais'va_mitra or prja_pati va_cya; devata: vis'vedeva_: chanda: tris.t.up; Anuva_ka V

#/mm! m/he iv?d/Wyay zU/;< zñ/t! k«Tv/ $f(a?y/ à j?æu> , z&/[aetu? nae/ dMye?i-/rœ AnI?kE> z&/[aeTv! A/i¶rœ id/VyErœ Aj?ö> . 3-054-01 mih? m/he id/ve A?caR p&iw/VyE kamae? m #/CD|! c?rit àja/nn! , yyae?rœ h/ Staeme? iv/dwe?;u de/va> s?p/yRvae? ma/dy?Nte/ sca/yae> . 3-054-02 yu/vaerœ \/t< rae?dsI s/Tym! A?Stu m/he ;u [>? suiv/tay/ à -U?tm! , #/d< id/ve nmae? A¶e p&iw/VyE s?p/yaRim/ ày?sa/ yaim/ rÆ?m! . 3-054-03 %/tae ih va?m! pU/VyaR Aa?iviv/Ô \ta?vrI raedsI sTy/vac>? , nr?z! icdœ va< sim/we zUr?sataE vviNd/re p&?iwiv/ veiv?dana> . 3-054-04 kae A/Ïa ve?d/ k #/h à vae?cdœ de/vaACDa? p/Wya ka sm! @?it , d†?ï @;am! Av/ma sda<?is/ pre?;u/ ya guýe?;u ì/te;u? . 3-054-05 k/ivrœ n&/c]a? A/i- ;I?m! Acò \/tSy/ yaena/ iv"&?te/ md?NtI , nana? c³ate/ sd?n</ ywa/ ve> s?ma/nen/ ³tu?na s&ltivda/ne . 3-054-06 s/ma/Nya ivyu?te Ë/re?Nte Øu/ve p/de t?Swturœ jag/êke? , %/t Svsa?ra yuv/tI -v?NtI/ Aadœ %? äuvate imwu/nain/ nam? . 3-054-07 ivñedœ @/te jin?ma/ s< iv?iv­ae m/hae de/van! ibæ?tI/ n Vy?wete , @j?dœ Øu/vm! p?Tyte/ ivñ/m! @k</ cr?t! pt/iÇ iv;u?[</ iv ja/tm! . 3-054-08 sna? pura/[m! AXy! @?My! Aa/ran! m/h> ip/turœ j?in/turœ ja/im tn! n>? , de/vasae/ yÇ? pin/tar/ @vE?rœ %/raE p/iw Vyute t/Swurœ A/Nt> . 3-054-09 #/m< Staem<? raedsI/ à ä?vIMy! \Ë/dra>? z&[vÚ! Ai¶ij/þa> , im/Ç> s/èajae/ vé?[ae/ yuva?n Aaid/Tyas>? k/vy>? pàwa/na> . 3-054-10 ihr?{ypai[> siv/ta su?ij/þs! iÇrœ Aa id/vae iv/dwe/ pTy?man> , de/ve;u? c sivt>/ ðaek/m! Aïe/rœ Aadœ A/Sm_y/m! Aa su?v s/vRta?itm! . 3-054-11 su/k«t! su?pa/i[> Svva?\/tava? de/vs! Tvòav?se/ tain? nae xat! , pU/;/{vNt? \-vae madyXvm! ^/XvR¢a?va[ae AXv/rm! A?tò . 3-054-12 iv/*uÔ?wa m/ét? \iò/mNtae? id/vae myaR? \/tja?ta A/yas>? , sr?SvtI z&[vn! y/i}ya?sae/ xata? r/iy< s/hvI?r< turas> . 3-054-13 iv:[u</ Staema?s> puéd/Smm! A/kaR -g?Syev ka/ir[ae/ yam?in Gmn! , %/é/³/m> k?k…/hae ySy? pU/vIrœ n m?xRiNt yuv/tyae/ jin?ÇI> . 3-054-14 #NÔae/ ivñE?rœ vIyaR#>/ pTy?man %/-e Aa p?àaE/ raed?sI mih/Tva , pu/r</d/rae v&?Ç/ha x&/:[u;e?[> s</g&_ya? n/ Aa -?ra/ -Uir? p/ñ> . 3-054-15 nas?Tya me ip/tra? bNxu/p&CDa? sja/Tym! A/iñnae/z! caé/ nam? , yu/v< ih Swae r?iy/daE nae? ryI/[a< da/Ç< r?]ewe/ Ak?vE/rœ Ad?Bxa . 3-054-16 m/ht! tdœ v>? kvy/z! caé/ nam/ ydœ x? deva/ -v?w/ ivñ/ #NÔe? , so? \/-ui->? puéøt ià/yei-?rœ #/ma< ixy<? sa/tye? t]ta n> . 3-054-17 A/yR/ma [ae/ Aid?itrœ y/i}ya/sae =?dBxain/ vé?[Sy ì/tain? , yu/yaet? nae Anp/Tyain/ gNtae>? à/java?n! n> pzu/maA?Stu ga/tu> . 3-054-18 de/vana<? Ë/t> pu?é/x àsU/tae =?nagan! nae vaectu s/vRta?ta , z&/[aetu? n> p&iw/vI *aErœ %/tap>/ sUyaˆR/ n]?ÇErœ %/V� ANtir?]m! . 3-054-19 z&/{vNtu? nae/ v&;?[>/ pvR?tasae Øu/v]e?mas/ #¦?ya/ md?Nt> , Aa/id/TyErœ nae/ Aid?it> z&[aetu/ yCD?Ntu nae m/ét>/ zmR? -/Ôm! . 3-054-20 sda? su/g> ip?tu/maA?Stu/ pNwa/ mXva? deva/ Aae;?xI>/ sm! ip?p&­ , -gae? me A¶e s/Oye n m&?Xya/ %dœ ra/yae A?Zya</ sd?nm! pué/]ae> . 3-054-21 Svd?Sv h/Vya sm! #;ae? iddIý! ASm/Õkœ sm! im?mIih/ ïva<?is , ivña?A¶e p&/Tsu ta|! je?i;/ zÇU/n! Aha/ ivña? su/mna? dIidhI n> . 3-054-22 3.054.01 They recite repeatedly this gratifying praise to the great product of sacrifice (Agni); may he who is (endowed) with domestic radiance hear us; may the imperishable Agni, (endowed) with divine radiance, hear us. 3.054.02 Knowing their greatness, offer worship to the vast heaven and to the earth; my desire, wishing (for felicity) proceed (to them), in whose praise the gods,desirous of adoration, delight together with their worshippers at the sacrifice. [My desire proceeds: ka_ma me icchan carati = lit., my  desire wishing goes, or exists; added to icchan, sarva_n bhoga_n, all enjoyments]. 3.054.03 Heaven and earth, may your truth be ever inviolable; be propitious to us for the due completion of the rite; this adoration (Agni) is offered to heaven and earth; I worship (them) with (sacrificial) food; I solicit of them precious (wealth). 3.054.04 Heaven and earth, endowed with truth, they who are the ancient declarers of the truth, have obtained from you (what they desired); and so, earth, men cognizant (of the greaness of you both) have worshipped you for the sake of triumphing over (hostile) heroes in battle. 3.054.05 Who knows what is the truth, or who may here declare it? What is the proper path that leads to the gods? Their inferior abiding places are beheld, as are those which (are situated) in superior mysterious rites. [Abiding places are beheld: as the constellations; superior mysterious rites: in the latter they are made known, it is said, by the Veda]. 3.054.06 The far-seeing beholder of mankind (the sun), surveys this heaven and earth, rejoicing when deficient in moisture in the womb of the waters (the firmament), both concurring in community (of function), although they occupy various dwellings, like the diversified nests of a bird. [In community of function: in the interchange of moisture]. 3.054.07 Common (in function), disjoined, of distant termination, they remain vigilant in a permanent station; being, as it were, sisters, and ever young; they therefore address each other by twin appellations. [Heaven and earth are the personifications here alluded to; address each other by twin appellations: a_du bruva_te mithuna_ni na_ma; heaven and earth are designated together by urvi and other duplicate terms: urvya_dibhir dvandva na_ma_bhir dya_va_pr.thivyavucyate]. 3.054.08 These two keep all born things discrete, and, although comprehending the great divinities, are not distressed; all moving and stationary beings rest upon one (basis), whether animals, or birds, or creatures of various kinds. [Keep all born things discrete: heaven and earth all that is born distinct, by furnishing interval or space, avaka_s'aprada_nena]. 3.054.09 I consider at present the eternal and ancient sisterhood to us of you, our great protectress and progenitrix, within whose vast and separated path your eulogists, the gods, travel in their chariots. [Protectress and progenitrix: mahah pitur janitur ja_mi tan nah = mahatyah pa_layitryah janayitryastava, of you, that is, of the heaven; ja_mi = ja_mitva, or bhaginitvam, sisterhood, the condition of a relative sister; this will not allow of pita_ and janita_ being rendered father and progenitor]. 3.054.10 I repeat this hymn, heaven and earth, to you; and may the soft-bellied, fire-tongued Mitra, royal Varun.a, the youthful A_dityas, all cognizant of the past, and proclaiming (their own acts), hear it. [Proclaiming: papratha_na_h = sva_ni sva_ni karma_n.i prathayantah]. 3.054.11 The golden-handed, soft-tongued Savita_ is descending from heaven (to be present) thrice (daily) at the sacrifice; accept, Savita_, the praise (recited) by the worshippers, and thereupon grant to us all our desires. 3.054.12 May the divine Tvas.t.a_, the able artificer, the dextrous-handed, the possessor of wealth, the observer of truth, bestow upon us those things (which are necessary) for our preservation; r.bhus, associated with Pu_s.an, make us joyful, as they (the priests), with uplifted stones, prepare the sacred libation. 3.054.13 May the Maruts, whose cars are the lightning, who are armed with spears, resplendent, destroyers of foes, from whom the waters proceed, (who are) unresting and adorable, and may Sarasvati_ hear (my prayer); and may you (maruts), speedy in your liberality, bestow (upon us) riches and good offspring. 3.054.14 May (our) praises and prayers, the causes of good fortune, attain at this sacrifice Vis.n.u, the object of many rites; he, the wide-stepping; whose commands the many-blending regions of space, the generators (of all beings), do not disobey. 3.054.15 Indra, invested with all energies, has filled both heaven and earth with his greatness; do you, who are the destroyer of cities, the slayer of Vr.tra, the leader of a conquering host, collect cattle and bestow them abundantly upon us. 3.054.16 Na_satyas, my protectors, inquirers (after the wishes) of your kinsman, beautiful is your cognate appellation of As'vins; be to us the liberal donors of riches; do you, who are irresistible, protect the offerer (of the oblation) with unblameable (defences).] 3.054.17 Sages acquainted with the past, excellent is that beautiful appellation under which you have both become gods in (the sphere of) Indra; do you, Indra, the invoked of many, a friend, (associated) with the beloved r.bhus, shape this prayer for our benefit. [That beautiful appellation: ca_ru na_ma = agreeable or acceptable act or devotion, na_makarma na_ma_na_m va_, ca_ru, manoharam, by which the As'vins attained deification, yena devatvam pra_pnutha; in the preceding verse, saja_tyam ca_ru na_ma is explained as saja_te bhavam kamani_yam, desirable cognate appellation]. 3.054.18 May Aryaman, Aditi, the adorable (gods), and the unimpeded functions of Varun.a (protect) us; keep us from (following) the course unpropitious to offspring, and may our dwelling be abundant in progeny and cattle. [Keep us from the course: yuyota no anapatya_ni gantoh: anapatya_ni = putra_n.a_m ahita_ni karman.i tanma_rga_t pr.thak kuruta]. 3.054.19 May the messenger of the gods, engendered in many places, everywhere proclaim us void of offence; may earth and heaven, the waters, the sun, and the vast firmament, with the constellation, hear us. 3.054.20 May the (divine) showerers (of benefits), the deities of the mountains, and those abiding in fixed habitations, propitiated by the sacrificial food, hear us; may Aditi, with the A_dityas, heqar us; may the Maruts grant us auspicious felicity. [Abiding in fixed habitations: dhruvaks.ema_sah nis'calastha_nah, those of fixed places; it may be an epithet of parvata_sah]. 3.054.21 May our path ever be easy of going, and provided with food; sprinkle, gods, the plants with sweet water; (safe) in your friendship, Agni, may my fortune never be impaired, but may I occupy a dwelling (abounding) with riches and ample food. 3.054.22 Taste (Agni) the oblations, make manifest (for us) abundant food measure out the viands before us; you overcome all those (who are) our enemies in conflict;  favourably inclined towards us lighten up all our (ceremonies) day by day.

r.s.i: praja_pati vais'va_mitra or praja_pati va_cya; devata_: vis'vedeva; chanda: tris.t.up

%/;s>/ pUvaR/ Ax/ ydœ VyU/;urœ m/hdœ iv j?}e A/]r?m! p/de gae> , ì/ta de/vana/m! %p/ nu à/-U;?n! m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-01 mae ;U [ae/ AÇ? ju÷rNt de/va ma pUvˆR? A¶e ip/tr>? pd/}a> , pu/ra/{yae> sÒ?nae> ke/turœ A/Ntrœ m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-02 iv me? pué/Ça p?tyiNt/ kama>/ zMy! ACDa? dI*e pU/VyaRi[? , sim?Ïe A/¶av! \/tm! #dœ v?dem m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-03 s/ma/nae raja/ iv-&?t> pué/Ça zye? z/yasu/ àyu?tae/ vnanu? , A/Nya v/Tsm! -r?it/ ]eit? ma/ta m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-04 Aa/i]t! pUvaR/Sv! Ap?ra AnU/ét! s/*ae ja/tasu/ té?[I:v! A/Nt> , A/NtvR?tI> suvte/ Aà?vIta m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-05 z/yu> p/rSta/dœ Ax/ nu iÖ?ma/tab?Nx/nz! c?rit v/Ts @k>? , im/ÇSy/ ta vé?[Sy ì/tain? m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-06 iÖ/ma/ta haeta? iv/dwe?;u s/èa¦œ ANv! A¢</ cr?it/ ]eit? bu/×> , à r{ya?in r{y/vacae? -rNte m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-07 zUr?Syev/ yuXy?tae ANt/mSy? àtI/cIn<? d†ze/ ivñ?m! Aa/yt! , A/Ntrœ m/itz! c?rit in/i:;x</ gaerœ m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-08 in ve?veit pil/tae Ë/t Aa?Sv! A/Ntrœ m/ha&ltz! c?rit raec/nen? , vpU<?i;/ ibæ?dœ A/i- nae/ iv c?òe m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-09 iv:[u?rœ gae/pa> p?r/mm! pa?it/ paw>? ià/ya xama?Ny! A/m&ta/ dxa?n> , A/i¶;! qa ivña/ -uv?nain ved m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-10 nana? c³ate y/Mya vpU<?i;/ tyae?rœ A/Nydœ raec?te k«/:[m! A/Nyt! , ZyavI? c/ ydœ Aé?;I c/ Svsa?raE m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-11 ma/ta c/ yÇ? Êih/ta c? xe/nU s?b/ÊR"e? xa/pye?te smI/cI , \/tSy/ te sd?sI¦e A/Ntrœ m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-12 A/NySya? v/Ts< ir?h/tI im?may/ kya? -u/va in d?xe xe/nurœ ^x>? , \/tSy/ sa py?saipNv/te¦a? m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-13 p*a? vSte pué/êpa/ vpU<?:y! ^/XvaR t?SwaE/ Èyiv</ reir?ha[a , \/tSy/ sÒ/ iv c?raim iv/Öan! m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-14 p/de #?v/ inih?te d/Sme A/Nts! tyae?rœ A/Nydœ guý?m! Aa/ivrœ A/Nyt! , s/ØI/cI/na p/Wya sa iv;U?cI m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-15 Aa xe/nvae? xunyNta/m! Aiz?ñI> sb/ÊR"a>? zz/ya Aà?ÊGxa> , nVya?-nVya yuv/tyae/ -v?NtIrœ m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-16 ydœ A/Nyasu? v&;/-ae raer?vIit/ sae A/NyiSm?n! yU/we in d?xait/ ret>? , s ih ]pa?va/n! s -g>/ s raja? m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-17 vI/rSy/ nu SvZVy<? jnas>/ à nu vae?cam iv/Êrœ A?Sy de/va> , ;ae/¦œha yu/­a> pÂ?-p/Âa v?hiNt m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-18 de/vs! Tvòa? siv/ta iv/ñê?p> pu/pae;? à/ja> pu?é/xa j?jan , #/ma c/ ivña/ -uv?naNy! ASy m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-19 m/hI sm! @e?rc! c/Mva smI/cI %/-e te A?Sy/ vsu?na/ Ny&òe , z&/{ve vI/rae iv/Ndma?nae/ vsU?in m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-20 #/ma< c? n> p&iw/vI iv/ñxa?ya/ %p? ]eit ih/tim?Çae/ n raja? , pu/r>/sd>? zmR/sdae/ n vI/ra m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-21 in/i:;Xv?rIs! t/ Aae;?xIrœ %/tapae? r/iy< t? #NÔ p&iw/vI ib?-itR , soa?ys! te vam/-aj>? Syam m/hdœ de/vana?m! Asur/Tvm! @k?m! . 3-055-22 3.055.01 When the preceding dawns appear, the great imperishable (light) is engendered in the (firmament, the) sphere of the waters, and then the worshipper is alert to perform the rites (due to) the gods, for great and unequalled is the might of the gods. [mahad deva_na_m asuratvam ekam: this is the burden of this and following verses; asuratvam is the abstract form of asura, explained strong, powerful, prabala_, from asyati, who or what throws or impels all things or beings, asyati, s'ipati sarvan: the abstract ispra_balyam or ais'varyam, might or sovereigny; ekam = one, is explained mukhyam, chief]. 3.055.02 Let not the gods, Agni, now do us harm, nor the ancient progenitors, who have come to know the degree (of divinity); nor the manifester of light between the two ancient dwellings (earth and heaven, the sun); for great and unequalled is the might of the gods. 3.055.03 Variously do my manifold desires alight; present at the solemnity,  I recite ancient (hymns); when the fire is kindled we speak indeed the truth, for great and unequalled is the might of the gods. 3.055.04 The universal sovereign is conveyed to many directions; he sleeps in the places of repose; he is connected with the forests; one mother (heaven) nourishes the child; the other (earth) gives him a dwelling; great and unequalled is the might of the gods. [The universal sovereign: sama_na_ ra_ja may imply either Agni or the Soma]. 3.055.05 Existing in ancient plants, abiding afterwards in new, he enters into the young (herbs) as soon as they are produced; unimpregnated they become pregnant and bear fruit; great and unequalled is the might of the gods.  [Existing in ancient plants: Said of either Agni or the Sun]. 3.055.06 The child of two mothers sleeps in the west, but (in the morning) the single infant proceeds unobstructed (through the sky); these are the functions of Mitra and Varun.a; great and unequalled is the might of the gods. [Mitra and Varun.a: Mitra presiding over day; Varun.a over the night, both being forms of one Agni]. 3.055.07 The child of two mothers, the invoker of the gods at sacrifices, the universal sovereign, proceeds thenceforward (in the sky); the root (of all), he abides (in the houses of the pious); the reciters of pleasant (words) offer him agreeable (praises); great and unequalled is the might of the gods. 3.055.08 All (creatures) approaching too near his confines are beheld with their faces turned away as (an enemy) flies from a combatant; obvious (to all), he penetrates the water for its destruction; great and unequalled is the might of the gods. 3.055.09 In those (plants) the aged messenger (of the gods) constantly abides; mighty, he presses with the radiant (sun) through the region of space; assuming various forms, he looks (complacently) upon us; great and unequalled is the might of the gods. 3.055.10 Pervading and protecting (all), possessing grateful and immortal radiance, he preserves the supreme path (or the rains), for Agni knows all these worlds; great and unequalled is the might of the gods. 3.055.11 The twin pair (day and night) adopt various forms; one of them shines brightly, the other is black; twin sisters are they, one black and the other white; great and unequalled is the might of the gods. 3.055.12 Where the mother and daughter, two productive kine, unite, they nourish each other; I worship them both in (the firmament), the dwelling of the waters great and unequalled is the might of the gods. [They nourish each other: earth and heaven by the interchange of moisture]. 3.055.13 Licking the calf of the other, one of them lows aloud; the cow offers her udder for the one that is without mosture (the earth), and she (the earth) is refreshed by the milk of the rain; great and unequalles is the might of the gods. [Licking the calf: the calf is said to be Agni, the cow with milk is the sky, whose udder is the cloud, whence the rain of which the earth is in want descends: r.tasya sa_ prayasa_ pinvatel.a_ = jalavarjita_ pr.thivy a_dityasyodakena sikta_ bhavati vars.a_ka_le (a_ditya_jjayte vr.s.tih--Manu 3.76), the earth without water is sprinkled by the water of the sun in the rainy season]. 3.055.14 The earth wears bodies of many forms; she abides on high cherishing her year and a half old (calf); knowing the abode of the truth (the sun), I offer worship; great and unequalled is the might of the gods. [The earth: padya in the text is explained as bhu_mi, deriving it from pad, or foot, the earth, i.e. having been created from the feet of the Creator; abides on high: on the altar; year and a half old calf: tryavim sardha_ sam.vatsara vayasko vatsah, a calf a year and half old; i.e, the sun of that period, or it may apply to the sun, as the protector (avih) of the three (tri) worlds; the abode of truth: r.tasya sadman, satyabhu_tasya_dityasya stha_nam, the place of the sun, who is one with the truth]. 3.055.15 Like two (distinguishing) impressions, they (day and night) are placed visible in the midst (between heaven and earth), one hidden, one manifest; the path (of both) is common, and that is universal (for good and evil) great and unequalled is the might of the gods. 3.055.16 May the kine without their young, abiding (in the heaven), and though unmilked, yet yielding milk and ever fresh and youthfu,l be shaken (so as to perform their functions); great and unequalled is the might of the gods. [The kind: either the regions of space of the clouds]. 3.055.17 When the showerer roars in other (regions) he sends down the rain upon a different herd, for he is the victor, the auspicious, the sovereign; great and unequalled is the might of the gods. [Upon a different herd: anyasmin yu_the, a herd, or troop,of regions, dis'a_m vr.nde]. 3.055.18 We proclaim, people, the wealth of the hero, (Indra), in horses; the gods know his (affluence); six, or five and five, harnessed to his car, convey him; great and unequalled is the might of the gods. [Six or five: s.ol.ha_ yukta_h pan~capan~ca vahanti = either the six seasons of the year, or, by combining the cold and dewy seasons, five; these are figurately Indra's horses. 3.055.19 The divine Tvas.t.a_ the impeller (of all), the multiform, has begotten and nourished a numerous progeny, for all these worlds are of him; great and unequalled is the might of the gods. 3.055.20 He has filled the two vast receptacles (heaven and earth) united (with creatures); they are both penetrated by his lustre; the hero spoiling the treasures (of the foe) is renowned; great and unequalled is the might of the gods. [The two vast receptacles: camvau, the two vessels in which gods and men and men eat, camanty adanty anayor devamanus.ah; this would imply vessels or ladles, but the explanation is that the two that are or enjoyed by living beings, i.e. heaven and earth]. 3.055.21 Our king, the nourisher of all, abides (in the firmament) nearest to this earthlike a benevolent friend; the valiant (Maruts) precede him (when abroad), and dwell in his mansion; great and unequalles is the might of the gods. 3.055.22 The plants, Indra, come to perfection by you; from you the waters (flow); earth bears her treasures for you; may we, your friends, be sharers of these blessings; great unequalled is the might of the gods.

r.s.i: praja_pati vais'va_mitra or praja_pati va_cya; devata_: vis'vedeva_; chanda: tris.t.up

n ta im?niNt ma/iynae/ n xIra? ì/ta de/vana?m! àw/ma Øu/vai[? , n raed?sI A/Ô‚ha? ve/*ai-/rœ n pvR?ta in/nme? tiSw/va&lts>? . 3-056-01 ;fœ -a/ra@kae/ Ac?rn! ib-Ty!rœ \/t< vi;R?ó/m! %p/ gav/ Aagu>? , it/öae m/hIrœ %p?ras! tSwu/rœ ATya/ guha/ Öe inih?te/ dZy!rœ @ka? . 3-056-02 iÇ/pa/j/Syae v&?;/-ae iv/ñê?p %/t Èyu/xa pu?é/x à/java?n! , Èy/nI/k> p?Tyte/ maih?nava/n! s re?tae/xa v&?;/-> zñ?tInam! . 3-056-03 A/-Ik? Aasam! pd/vIrœ A?baeXy! Aaid/Tyana?m! Aþe/ caé/ nam? , Aap?z! icdœ ASma ArmNt de/vI> p&w/g! ìj?NtI>/ pir? ;Im! Av&Ãn! . 3-056-04 ÇI ;/xSwa? isNxv/s! iÇ> k?vI/nam! %/t iÇ?ma/ta iv/dwe?;u s/èaqœ , \/tav?rI/rœ yae;?[as! it/öae APya/s! iÇrœ Aa id/vae iv/dwe/ pTy?mana> . 3-056-05 iÇrœ Aa id/v> s?ivt/rœ vayaR?i[ id/ve-id?v/ Aa su?v/ iÇrœ nae/ Aû>? , iÇ/xatu? ra/y Aa su?va/ vsU?in/ -g? Çatrœ ix;[e sa/tye? xa> . 3-056-06 iÇrœ Aa id/v> s?iv/ta sae?;vIit/ raja?na im/Çavé?[a supa/[I , Aap?z! icdœ ASy/ raed?sI icdœ %/vI rÆ?m! i-]Nt siv/tu> s/vay? . 3-056-07 iÇrœ %?Ä/ma Ë/[za? raec/nain/ Çyae? raj/NTy! Asu?rSy vI/ra> , \/tava?n #i;/ra Ë/¦-a?s/s! iÇrœ Aa id/vae iv/dwe? sNtu de/va> . 3-056-08 3.056.01 Neither the deceptive nor the resolute interrupt the primitive and permanent operations of the gods, nor do the innocuous heaven and earth (interrupt them), nor are the mountains standing (on the earth) to be bowed down. [The condition of all created things in earth and heaven, and the elevation of the mountains, are the work of the gods, and no one can make them otherwise]. 3.056.02 One stationary (year) sustains six burdens (in the season); the (solar) rays spread through that true and extensive (term); three revolving spheres are severally above, two of which are placed in secret, and one is visible. [One is visible: heaven and the firmament are not wholly discernible, earth is]. 3.056.03 The tree-breasted, the showerer (of rain), the omniform, the three-uddered, the parent of multiform progeny, the possessor of magnitude, followed by three hosts (the year), advances, the vigorous impregnator of the perpetual plants. [Three-breasted: thatis, as subsequently specified, the year, personified; the number three, repeatedly mentioned, is said to apply to the seasons of the year, reduced from the usual number of six to three, the hot, rainy, and cold, by merging into them, severally, the vernal, autumnal, and dewy. 3.056.04 (The year) is awake, the path in the vicinity of those (plants); I call upon the beautiful name of the A_dityas; the divine waters wandering severally (now) give it delight, and (now) depart from it. [A_dityas: that is, upon the months over which the twelve A_dityas preside; now give it delight and now depart from it: during the four months of the year when the rains fall the rivers are filled; during the other eight  they are more or less dried up]. 3.056.05 Rivers, the dwelling-places of the intelligent gods are thrice three; the measurer of the three (worlds) is the sovereign at sacrifices; three female (divinities) of the waters charged with the rains descend from heaven at the thrice (repeated) solemnity. [Each of the three lokas has three divisions; this information is addressed to the river, Sindhavah being in the vocative case; the measurer of the three worlds: the sun or the year; three female divinities: il.a_, sarasvati_ and bha_rati_]. 3.056.06 Savita_, descended from heaven, bestow upon us blessings thrice everyday; Bhaga, saviour, grant us thrice a day riches of three elements; Dhis.an.a enable us to acquire (wealth). [Riches of three elements: tridha_tu ra_yas, cattle, gold and gems; dhis.an.a = the goddess of speech]. 3.056.07 May Savita_ bestow upon us wealth at the (three periods) of the day, for the well-handed Mitra and Varun.a, the waters, the vast heaven and earth, solicit precious things from the liberality of Savita_. 3.056.08 Three are the excellent  uninjurable bright regions, three scions of the powerful (year) are shining; practisers of truth, quick moving, of surpassing radiance; may the deities be present thrice daily at the sacrifice. [Three..bright regions: heaven, earth, firmament; three scions of the year: Agni, Va_yu and Su_rya; the tet calls them asurasya vi_ra: asurah = ka_la_tma sam.vatsara, th eyear, identical with time, tasya putrah, its sons].

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_: vis'vedeva_: chanda: tris.t.up

à me? iviv/KvaA?ivdn! mnI/;a< xe/nu< cr?NtI/m! àyu?ta/m! Agae?pam! , s/*z! ic/dœ ya Ê?Ê/he -Uir? xa/serœ #NÔ/s! tdœ A/i¶> p?in/tarae? ASya> . 3-057-01 #NÔ>/ su pU/;a v&;?[a su/hSta? id/vae n àI/ta> z?z/y< Ê?Êÿe , ivñe/ ydœ A?Sya< r/[y?Nt de/va> à vae =?Ç vsv> su/çm! A?Zyam! . 3-057-02 ya ja/myae/ v&:[? #/CDiNt? z/i­< n?m/SyNtI?rœ jante/ g-R?m! AiSmn! , ACDa? pu/Ç< xe/nvae? vavza/na m/hz! c?riNt/ ibæ?t</ vpU<?i; . 3-057-03 ACDa? ivviKm/ raed?sI su/meke/ ¢aV[ae? yuja/nae A?Xv/re m?nI/;a , #/ma %? te/ mn?ve/ -Uir?vara ^/XvaR -?viNt dzR/ta yj?Ça> . 3-057-04 ya te? ij/þa mxu?mtI sume/xa A¶e? de/ve;U/Cyt? %ê/cI , tye/h ivña/Av?se/ yj?Ça/n! Aa sa?dy pa/yya? ca/ mxU?in . 3-057-05 ya te? A¶e/ pvR?tSyev/ xaras?íNtI pI/py?dœ dev ic/Ça , tam! A/Sm_y/m! àm?it< jatvedae/ vsae/ raSv? sum/it< iv/ñj?Nyam! . 3-057-06 3.057.01 May the discriminating Indra apprehend my glorification (of the gods), which is (free) as a cow, grazing alone, without a cowherd, one who is readily milked, yielding abundant nourishment, and of whom Agni and Indra (and we), are the commenders. 3.057.02 Indra and Pu_s.an, the showerers (of benefits) and happy-handed As'vins, well affected towards us, have milked the (cloud) reposing in heaven, wherefore, Vasus, universal deities, sporting on this (altar), may I here obtain the happiness derived from you. 3.057.03 The plants that desire for the showerer (Indra) the power (of sending rain) appreciate, when manifest, the embryo (blossom) deposited in him; the kine desirous of reward come to the presence of the calf, invested with many forms. [The calf: the vegetable world, as characterized by rice, barley, wild rice, and the like, vr.hiya vani va_ra_di phala laks.an.am, putram, tanayam, vatsam iva]. 3.057.04 I glorify with praise the beautiful heaven and earth, taking in hand the stones (to express the libation) at the sacrifice, as these your graceful, adorable, and many-blessing rays (Agni) mount up for the good of man. 3.057.05 With your wide-spreading tongue, Agni, sweet and intelligent, which is renowned amongst the gods, bring hither all the adorable deities for our protection, and give them to drink of the sweet (libations). 3.057.06 Divine Agni, giver of dwellings, knower of all that exists, extend to us that benevolence which, unshared by others, cherishes us like the showers of the rain-cloud; that kindness which is beneficent for all mankind.

r.s.i: vis'va_mitra ga_thina; devata_; as'vini_kuma_ra; chanda: tris.t.up

xe/nu> à/ÆSy/ kaMy</ Êha?na/Nt> pu/Çz! c?rit/ di]?[aya> , Aa *ae?t/in< v?hit zu/æya?mae/;s/ Staemae? A/iñna?v! AjIg> . 3-058-01 su/yug! v?hiNt/ àit? vam! \/tenae/XvaR -?viNt ip/tre?v/ mexa>? , jre?wam! A/Smdœ iv p/[erœ m?nI/;a< yu/vaerœ Av?z! ck«/ma ya?tm! A/vaRkœ . 3-058-02 su/yuiG-/rœ AñE>? su/v&ta/ rwe?n/ döa?v! #/m< z&?[ut</ ðaek/m! AÔe>? , ikm! A/¼ va/m! àTy! Av?it¡/ gim?óa/÷rœ ivàa?sae Aiñna pura/ja> . 3-058-03 Aa m?Nyewa/m! Aa g?t</ kc! ic/dœ @vE/rœ ivñe/ jna?sae A/iñna? hvNte , #/ma ih va</ gae\?jIka/ mxU?in/ à im/Çasae/ n d/Êrœ %/öae A¢e? . 3-058-04 it/r> pu/ê ic?dœ Aiñna/ rja<?Sy! Aa¼ƒ/;ae va?m! m"vana/ jne?;u , @h ya?tm! p/iwi-?rœ dev/yanE/rœ döa?v! #/me va<? in/xyae/ mxU?nam! . 3-058-05 pu/ra/[m! Aaek>? s/Oy< iz/v< va<? yu/vaerœ n?ra/ Ôiv?[< j/ûaVya?m! , pun>? k«{va/na> s/Oya iz/vain/ mXva? mdem s/h nU s?ma/na> . 3-058-06 Aiñ?na va/yuna? yu/v< su?d]a in/yuiÑ?;! c s/jae;?sa yuvana , nas?Tya it/rae?û�y< ju;a/[a saem?m! ipbtm! A/iöxa? sudanU . 3-058-07 Aiñ?na/ pir? va/m! #;>? puê/cIrœ $/yurœ gI/i-Rrœ yt?mana/ Am&?Øa> , rwae? h vam! \t/ja AiÔ?jUt>/ pir/ *ava?p&iw/vI ya?it s/*> . 3-058-08 Aiñ?na mxu/;uÄ?mae yu/vak…>/ saem/s! tm! pa?t/m! Aa g?t< Êrae/[e , rwae? h va/m! -Uir/ vpR>/ kir?³t! su/tav?tae in:k«/tm! Aag?imó> . 3-058-09 3.058.01 The cow (the dawn) yields the desired milk to the ancient (Agni); the son of the south passes within (the firmament); the bright-houred (day) brings the illuminative (sun); the praiser awakes (to glorify) the As'vins preceding the dawn. [The son of the south: daks.ina_ya_h putrah = us.asah putrah Su_rya, the sun, the son of the dawn]. 3.058.02 The well-yoked (horses) bear you both in your truth (preserving car); the offerings proceed towards you as (children to their parents); discard from us the disposition of the niggard; we have made ready for you our offering; come to our presence. 3.058.03 Dasras, with well-yoked horses and well-constructed car, hear this praise of the worshipper, for have not the ancient sages declared you, As'vins, to be most ready to come to the aid of the destitute? 3.058.04 I glorify with praise the beautiful heaven and earth taking in hand the stones (to express the libation) at the sweet (Soma) juice mixed with milk, as friends (give gifts to friends); the sun is in advance, (therefore come to this rite).